臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

電力系統包含發電系統、輸電系統、配電系統等三大部份，其中配電系統為電力系統之最下游，涵蓋層面遼闊，電力輸送從配電變電所或二次變電所之主變壓器、饋線、分歧線及配電變壓器、接戶線、線路接頭甚至電表等等，都會造成線路損失，也降低系統運轉效率，電力公司在面對市場自由化的趨勢與京都議定書實施之重大衝擊，必須運用各種方法與策略，將損失降至最小。
本論文之主旨，在考量降低配電系統線路損失與電容器投資成本，推導出最佳電容器位置規劃與時控型電容器操作運轉策略。並以台電實際配電饋線系統進行研究，考慮線路互耦效應與饋線負載模型(Daily Load Curve)之影響，進行三相負載潮流分析，以解決減少線路損失之課題，另外，由配電饋線網路架構與用戶售電資料之關連性，推導出饋線區段負載量，及運用免疫演算法規劃最佳的饋線電容器之位置及其容量大小。
為驗證本論文所提出之電容器最佳化規劃，我們以台電鳳山區營業處轄內上寮二次變電所上愛線(饋線BW34)做為電腦模擬測試饋線，依據饋線與配電變壓器虛功負載曲線，推導出固定型與時控型電容器裝置位置與容量大小,及時控型電容器運轉投切時間之電容器最佳規劃。本論文所提最佳電容器規劃的方法，確能有效降低配電饋線損失，及提高電容器投資效益。

Power System consists of generation, transmission and distribution systems to deliver the power service to customers. Distribution systems cover a very wide area with components such as main transformers, primary feeders, laterals, distribution transformers, low tension lines and meters. All these components contribute distribution line loss to deteriorate system operation efficiency. With the power system deregulation and Kyoto Protocol, it becomes an important issue for utility companies to achieve loss minimization by various strategies. The objective of this thesis is to derive both the optimal planning of capacitor placement and the operation strategy of switched capacitors by considering the loss reduction and investment cost of capacitors. A practical distribution feeder in Taipower has been selected for three-phase load flow analysis to solve power loss by considering the mutual-coupling effect and feeder daily load curve. The loading in each service zone is analyzed according to the feeder network configuration and power consumption of customers served. The immune algorithm is utilized to derive the optimal locations and capacity of capacitors to be installed along the feeder.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed capacitor planning, Feeder BW34, which served by Shang-Liao secondary substation of Feng-Shan District, is selected for computer simulation. The installation locations of both fixed and switched capacitors as well as the operation time of switched capacitors are determined according to the reactive power loading profiles of distribution feeders and distribution transformers. With the optimal capacitor planning proposed, the feeder power loss can be reduced effectively and cost benefit of capacitor investment can be enhanced too.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XI
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究步驟與方法 3
1.3論文內容概述 5
第二章配電饋線之網路模型與負載特性 6
2.1前言 6
2.2停限電運轉圖資系統 7
2.3配電網路拓樸分析 10
2.4配電圖資設備減量 19
2.5饋線負載資料及負載特性 23
2.5.1饋線負載特性 27
第三章配電饋線三相負載潮流分析 29
3.1前言 29
3.2配電變壓器負載量推導 30
3.2.1利用停限電運轉圖資系統建立用戶與變壓器連絡關係 31
3.2.2用戶服務資訊系統 41
3.2.3配電變壓器及個別用戶每小時負載推導 45
3.3三相負載潮流分析 47
3.3.1線路模型 47
3.3.2變壓器模型 50
3.3.3配電饋線數學模型建立 53
第四章配電饋線電容器最佳規劃 54
4.1前言 54
4.2目標函數 55
4.3假設虛功負載均勻值之饋線電容器規劃 59
4.3.1固定型電容器規劃 59
4.3.2固定型電容器與時控電容器規劃 65
4.4應用免疫演算法於饋線電容器最佳規劃 69
4.4.1免疫演算法原理 69
4.4.2雜異度與相似度計算 74
4.4.3考慮整體成本損失最小化之電容器規劃 77
第五章配電系統模擬分析 82
5.1前言 82
5.2台電饋線電容器規劃模擬 83
5.2.1假設虛功負載均勻值之饋線電容器規劃 85
5.2.2應用免疫演算法於饋線電容器規劃 92
第六章結論與未來展望 113
6.1結論 113
6.2未來展望 115
參考文獻 116

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