臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

教授指定參考書服務為大學圖書館常設之服務，且在支援教學上扮演重要的角色。然而，就外在環境而言，在網際網路蓬勃發展下，開始盛行的遠距教學、數位學習，已大幅改變傳統的教學型態，近幾年大學校內為提升教學品質，紛紛購進課程管理系統。就圖書館本身而言，圖書館的館藏資源不再侷限於紙本式的圖書、期刊等，還有更多新媒介的加入，例如：電子書、電子資料庫等；同時，讀者也逐漸改變以往傳統查檢資料的方式，學習利用電腦來尋找他們所需的資訊。教授指定參考書服務面對這種種巨大的衝擊後，有人開始提出「電子化」指定參考資料的概念，將指定參考資料的形式轉成電子形式，希冀可以透過系統和網路傳輸，讓學生不受時間地點的限制，可以直接線上取用資源。美國的大學圖書館早於1990年代初期即開始提供電子化指定參考資源服務，並有許多相關研究，反觀國內圖書館界對於電子化指定參考資源之相關研究著墨不多。
本研究的目的是探討大學圖書館提供電子化指定參考資源服務的現況，以及探究教師對於電子化指定參考資源服務的需求和態度，和探究館員對提供電子化指定參考資源服務的態度，最後，比較教師和館員對於電子化指定參考資源服務之期望的異同。希冀圖書館提供有效的電子化指定參考資源服務來輔助教師教學，為學生建立公平取用的管道，並作為各館是否發展電子化指定參考資源服務之參考。
本研究以97年度教育部獎勵大學教學卓越計畫審核結果所核定之學校的教師與館員為研究對象，以問卷調查法與訪談法二種研究方法進行調查。調查分為二個階段，第一階段先發放問卷和訪談29位館員，第二階段再發放問卷給教師，回收之有效問卷是153份並訪談19位教師。問卷的部分以SPSS17.0統計軟體為分析工具，將問卷調查結果進行敘述統計、卡方檢定、T檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森相關係數及多元迴歸等統計；訪談的部分整理成文字稿之後，依據研究問題截取訪談中重要內容加以整理與分析，最後歸納為研究結果。
研究結果顯示：一、不同類型之大學教師對於電子化指定參考資源皆有的需求；二、七成以上的教師認同電子化指定參考資源服務對教學有幫助；三、六成以上的教師偏愛使用電子版指定參考資源；四、已提供電子化指定參考資源服務圖書館推行的動機與目標、服務模式、系統評選條件、人力分配模式、推廣方式、版權考量之現況；五、影響館員提供電子化指定參考資源服務的因素；六、推行電子化指定參考資源服務所會考量到的問題以及面臨到的問題；七、館員對於電子化指定參考資源服務未來的發展性意見分歧；八、館員對於電子化指定參考資源服務的建議與期望。
根據研究結論提出以下之建議供參考：
一、 國內應儘快成立類似美國著作權交換中心(Copyright Clearance Center，簡稱CCC)的語文著作著作權仲介團體協助圖書館取得版權。
二、 校方應盡量授權圖書館與其他校內單位合作，並應聘法律顧問或成立相關法律諮詢單位，以支援圖書館處理版權事宜。
三、 館內應主動派館員定期追蹤教師的開課內容和指定參考書單，隨時更新指定教材或版本，才能保持館藏的新穎性和即時配合課程的需求。
四、 圖書館應重新審視教授指定參考書服務規則，擴大教師申請教授指定參考資源的類型，或是另行訂定教材數位化服務的規則。
五、 電子書平台間一定要努力發展出一致的標準，讓電子書可以和圖書館自動化系統或是教學系統平台互通，如此才能擴大電子書被利用的機會。

Course reserve service has been a regular service in university libraries. It plays an important role in supporting teaching. However, in the external environment, distance education and digital learning prevail since the rise of the Internet and the World Wide Web, which changed the traditional instructional patterns in campus. In order to improve the quality of education, some universities purchase course management systems in recent years. In the meantime, the library collection is no longer limited to paper-based materials; many new media are further included, such as: e-books, electronic journals, and databases. Users gradually learn how to use computers to find the information in need. Since course reserve services were greatly impacted by all the abovementioned changes, some people began to put forward the concept of electronic course reserves. Paper-based reference materials are transformed into electronic form, which are ready to be transmitted through the systems and network. The students are no longer limited by time and place; they can directly access the resources online. Most of the university libraries in the United States in early 1990s began to provide electronic course reserve services and many people have studied in this subject, yet there are relatively few studies on electronic course reserves services in Taiwan.
The purpose of this research is to find out the circumstances of libraries which providing electronic course reserve services; to explore whether the faculty have the needs for electronic course reserve services; to understand librarians’ attitude toward electronic course reserve services and eventually to compare the expectations of faculty and librarians. The research calls for librarians’ attention to provide this effective service to support instructors in teaching and to establish a fair access for students. The research also explores the user’s behaviors and attitude toward electronic course reserve services for future reference.
The sample of this research includes teachers and librarians of the university that won 2008 Annual University Teaching Excellence Award, approved by Ministry of Education. The study employed two research tools: questionnaire and in-depth interviews to collect data and make further comparison. In the first section, the researcher conducted questionnaire survey and interviews with 29 librarians. In the second section, questionnaire was delivered to faculty and collected 153 valid questionnaires; 19 faculty members were interviewed. The data were then analyzed by SPSS17.0, using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t test, one way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis.
The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Despite of types of university, all instructors need electronic course reserve services; 2. More than 70% of instructors agree that electronic course reserve services are helpful to instruction and student learning; 3. More than 60% of instructors prefer to use reference resources in electronic form; 4. Understanding the motivations and objections, model of serving, conditions of system selection, model of manpower allocation, methods of promotion and how to deal with copyright issues of those libraries had provided electronic course reserve services; 5. Factors that affect librarians’ willingness of providing the electronic course reserve services are identified; 6. Librarians consider widely the issues on implementing the electronic course reserve services and the problems they might face; 7. Librarians have diverse opinions on whether or not to provide electronic course reserve services in the near future; 8. Librarians’ recommendations and expectations toward electronic course reserve services are also discussed in the study.
Basing on the results, five suggestions are made as follows:
1) The government should set up some groups similar to the Copyright Clearance Center to assis libraries in obtaining copyright.
2) Universities should authorize libraries to cooperate with other departments, and recruit legal counsellors or establish relevant legal advice unit to support the library to deal with copyright issues.
3) University libraries should request librarians regularly follow-up the lecturers’ syllabus and the reference lists in order to make library collection satisfy the instructor’s.
4) University libraries should re-examine course reserve services rules, and expand the types of reference resources to set up a separate electronic course reserve services rules.
5) E-book Publishers must endeavor to develop consistent standards, to make e-books interoperable among library systems or learning system platform. Doing so will greatly increase the e-book usage.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節　研究背景與動機 1
第二節　研究目的 3
第三節　研究問題 3
第四節　研究範圍與限制 4
第五節　研究貢獻 5
第六節　名詞解釋 6
註釋 7
第二章 文獻探討 9
第一節　傳統教授指定參考書服務的概述 9
第二節　電子化指定參考資源服務的意涵與發展 17
第三節　國外圖書館提供電子化指定參考資源服務的現況 31
第四節　版權議題與電子化指定參考資源服務 46
註釋 52
第三章 研究設計與實施 59
第一節　研究方法 59
第二節　研究對象與抽樣 60
第三節　施測方式 61
第四節　研究步驟與流程 67
第五節　資料處理與分析 68
註釋 69
第四章 研究結果與分析 70
第一節 大學圖書館發展電子化指定參考資源服務的現況與特色 70
第二節 教師對於電子化指定參考資源服務的需求與使用情況 87
第三節 館員提供電子化指定參考資源服務的現況與態度 137
第四節 教師與館員對於電子化指定參考資源服務的態度比較 169
第五章 結論與建議 174
第一節 結論 174
第二節 建議 181
第三節 後續研究建議 183
註釋 184
參考書目 186
附錄ㄧ　教育部97年度獎勵大學教學卓越計畫核定名單 193
附錄二　館員對於提供電子化指定參考資源服務之態度調查問卷 194
附錄三　「館員對於提供電子化指定參考資源服務之態度調查」-訪談擬稿 197
附錄四 館員對於提供電子化指定參考資源服務之態度調查問卷(想像題) 198
附錄五　教師使用電子化指定參考資源服務之需求調查問卷 202
附錄六　「教師對於使用電子化指定參考資源服務之態度調查」-訪談擬稿 208

一、中文資料
(一)圖書
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李明錦編。「圖書館資訊服務與著作權法」。在二十八屆醫學圖書館工作人員研討會，臺北市，民國 95 年9月7日，中國圖書館學會醫學圖書館委員會編，頁1-9。臺北市：編者，2006。
胡述兆總編輯。圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典。台北市：漢美，民84年。
章忠信著。著作權法的第一堂課。台北市：書泉，民95年。
曾淑賢。「圖書館行銷」。在二十八屆醫學圖書館工作人員研討會，臺北市，民國 95 年9月8日，中國圖書館學會醫學圖書館委員會編，頁1-31。臺北市：編者，2006。

(二)期刊論文
王梅玲。「美國大學遠距學習圖書館服務的探討」。大學圖書館6卷2期 (民91年9月)，頁65-87。
王梅玲。「網路教學帶給大學圖書館的挑戰與機會」，圖書與資訊學刊44期 (民92年2月)，頁47-60。
邱玉菁。「數位學習之學習成果的再思考」。教育資料與圖書館學41卷4期 (民93年6月)，頁561-581。
張蕙美。「大學圖書館使用調查：以交通大學圖書館為例」。教育資料與圖書館學36卷2期(民87年12月)，頁171-196。
許正妹、張奕華。「教學平台發展與設計之研究」：以Blackboard 和中山網路大學為例」。教育研究與發展期刊1卷1期(民94年6月)，頁177-206。
陳年興。「網路教學的課程設計與班級經營」。圖書館學與資訊科學29卷1期 (民92年4月)，頁5-14。
黃超蘭。「臺灣地區大學院校圖書館教授指定參考書服務之調查研究。國立政治大學圖書資訊研究所，碩士論文，民87。
黃超蘭。「臺灣地區大學院校圖書館教授指定參考書服務之調查研究」。圖書與資訊學刊 31 (民88年11月)，頁49-65。
蔡季軒。「台中縣市大學院校教師使用指定參考書服務之研究」。國立中興大學圖書資訊學研究所，碩士論文，民91年。
蔡香美。「國立政治大學圖書館參考服務使用研究」。圖書與資訊學刊17期(民85年5月)，頁57-66。
蔡淑玲。「電子化指定參考書初探」。大學圖書館4卷1期 (民89年3月)，頁81-99。
蔡碧芳。「資訊時代大學圖書館指定參考書服務」。書府22/23期 (民91年7月)，頁53-68。
謝鶯興。「論東海圖書館指定參考書的設立與管理」。東海大學圖書館館訊74期(民96年11月)，頁20-43。

(三)網路資源
教育部獎勵大學教學卓越計畫(高教司)。公布96年度獎勵大學教學卓越計畫審核結果 (2007年8月24日) 。<http://www.csal.fcu.edu.tw/Edu/Doc/960824announce.doc> (2008年1月17日)。
教育部獎勵大學教學卓越計畫(教育部高教司、技職司)。公布96年度獎勵大學教學卓越計畫審核結果 (2007年8月24日) 。<http://www.csal.fcu.edu.tw/Edu/program_HotNewsShow.asp?Nno=8> (2007年10月30日)。
數位學習國家型科技計畫辦公室。數位學習國家型科技計畫之計畫緣起。<http://elnpweb.ncu.edu.tw/a/a.htm> (2008年8月24日)。

二、英文資料
(一)Books
Evans, G. Edward, Amodeo, Anthony J., and Carter, Thomas L. Introduction to Library Public Service, 6th ed. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, c1999.
Kristof, Cindy. “Electronic Reserves.” in Encyclopedia of library and information science. 2nd ed., edited by Miriam A. Drake, 1023-1033. New York: Marcel Dekker, c2003.
Martell, Charles. “The Role of Librarians in the Twenty-First Century.” in Encyclopedia of library and information science. 2nd ed., edited by Miriam A. Drake, 2524-2536. New York: Marcel Dekker, c2003.
Prytherch, Ray compiler. Harrod''s librarians'' glossary and reference book. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, c2005.
Reitz, Joan M. ed. Dictionary for library and information science. Westport, Conn: Libraries Unlimited, c2004.
(二)Journal Articles
Abram, Stephen. “Twenty ways for all librarians to be successful with e-learning.” Information Outlook 8, no.12 (December 2004): 42-44.
Adomi, Esharenana E. and Iwhiwhu, Basil E. “Users’ Levels of Satisfaction with Reserve Collection Services in a State University Library in Nigeria.” Collection Building 23, no.1(2004):39-44.
Austin, Brice, and Taylor, Karen. “Assessment of Electronic Reserves Services at the University of Colorado, Boulder.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve 17, no.1/2 (2007):83-95.
Austin, Brice, and Taylor, Karen. “Reserves, Electronic Reserves and Student Copying Practices at the University of Colorado, Boulder: Is Digital Different.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve 18, no.1 (2007):17-32.
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Bales, Aaron B., Taylor Clara L., Havert, Mandy L., and Lehman, Thomas E. “Electronic Reserves and WebCT: Using Courseware to Implement Electronic Reserves at the University Libraries of Notre Dame.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Information Supply 11, no.4 (2001):37-50.
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Banks, Julie. “Student Use of A Reserve Collection: A Survey.” Collection Building 15, no.2 (1996):31-35.
Calsada, Mattew. “Ares-Automating Reserves: An Overview from the Developer.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve 16, no.3 (2006):21-25.
Cobine, Charles J. “Electronic Reserve Services at UNC- Chapel Hill: Faculty and Student Perceptions of Personal Control, Access, and Service Quality. ” Master dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, July 2004.
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Driscoll, Lori, Foss, Michelle and Mott, Angela. “Electronic Reserve in Health Science Center Libraries: New Opportunities for Collaboration.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve 17, no.1/2, (June 2007):21-35.
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Laskowski Mary S., and Ward, David. “Creation and Management of a Home-Grown Electronic Reserves System at an Academic Library: Results of a Pilot Project.” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 27, no.5 (September 2001):361-371.
Laskowski, Mary S. and Ward, David. “The Impact of Implementing Electronic Reserves on Staffing and Service.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Information Supply 13, no.3 (April 2003):15-28.
Laskowski, Mary S., Ward, David and Gillie, Esther. “Electronic Reserve Service in a Multiple Library Setting: Expansion, Centralization, Issues and Solutions.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve 17, no.1/2, (June 2007):121-135.
Lu, Songqian. “A Model for Choosing an Electronic Reserves System: A Pre-Implementation Study at the Library of Long Island University’s Brooklyn Campus.” Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Information Supply 12, no.2 (2001):25-44.
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(三)Electronic Resources
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