臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要

經濟部中小企業處九十五年白皮書資料統計，2005年台灣中小企業家數已達122.6萬家，占企業全體比率高達97.80%，其所創造出之附加價值、促進經濟成長，都對台灣經濟體系有很大的貢獻。根據過往研究指出，成功的創業家間似乎有其共通處，但研究結果卻也有其不一致之處，台灣創業環境與國外不同，且台灣中小企業規模小，創業家人格特質往往便代表企業精神，因此本研究除了擬以台灣中小企業創業家之創業導向去探討其和創業績效間之關係之外，並加入創業家人格特質之控制傾向、自我效能及自尊為干擾變數。
本研究針對中國青年創業協會之已創業會員做普查，共回收178份樣本，研究結果顯示，創業導向與創業績效間具有正向影響，因此本研究推論創業家若具高創業導向其愈有高創業績效。且創業家人格特質之控制傾向、自我效能及自尊對於創業導向和創業績效間皆具有正向加強作用，這代表創業家之人格特質愈偏向內控傾向人格特質者，和偏外控傾向人格特質者相較，愈會正向加強創業導向和創業績效間之關係。同理，創業家之人格特質屬於高自我效能及高自尊者，和低自我效能和低自尊相較，其愈會正向加強創業導向和創業績效間之關係，亦即偏內控傾向、高自我效能及高自尊人格特質者，會促使高創業導向獲得更高的創業績效。

Abstract

According to the data of 2005 White Paper On Small And Medium Enterprises In Taiwan of Small and Medium Enterprise Administration of The Ministry of Economic Affairs, small and medium enterprises are 1,226,000. According to the past researches, there are some common points between successful entrepreneurs. They also have some different views on them. Because of the entrepreneurial environment in Taiwan is different to foreigner’s entrepreneurial environment , the scale of enterprises in Taiwan are smaller than them. Therefore, the entrepreneurial spirits effect entrepreneurial orientation. That’s why this study wants to find the relationship between SME entrepreneur’s entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance. Besides, this study adds a moderating effect to analysis it.
Research objects aimed at the members of Headquarter China Youth Career Development Association distributed throughout Taiwan. One hundred and seventy-eight questionnaires were responded and valid. The result shows that SME entrepreneurial orientation has positive influence on entrepreneurial performance, and entrepreneur’s personality included locus of control, self-efficacy and self-esteem are also have positive influence on entrepreneurial performance.

目 錄

第一章 緒論

第一節 研究動機---------------------------------- 1
第二節 研究目的---------------------------- 4
第三節 研究範圍------------------------------------ 5

第二章 文獻探討

第一節 創業與創業者--------------------------- 6
第二節 創業導向----------------------------- 7
第三節 人格特質------------------------------ 10
第四節 創業績效--------------------------- 17
第五節 創業導向對創業績效之影響--------------------- 19
第六節 人格特質對創業導向與創業績效之影響-------- 21

第三章 研究方法

第一節 研究架構--------------------------------- 26
第二節 研究假說-------------------------------- 26
第三節 變數的定義與衡量--------------------- 32
第四節 研究對象------------------------------------- 36
第五節 資料分析------------------------------ 36

第四章 研究結果
第一節 預試階段之分析----------------------------- 39
第二節 正式問卷之基本資料分析----------------- 50
第三節 研究假說檢定------------------------------ 61
第四節 討論------------------------------------ 71

第五章 結論與建議

第一節 研究討論與管理意涵----------------------- 75
第二節 研究限制--------------------------------- 78
第三節 後續研究方向建議------------------------ 79

參考文獻---------------------------------------- 81

附錄------------------------------------------------ 91

表 目 錄

表 4-1 預試樣本之基本資料---------------- 40
表 4-2 控制傾向預試之信度與效度分析------- 42
表 4-3 自我效能預試之信與效度分析-------- 44
表 4-4 自尊預試之信度與效度分析---------- 45
表 4-5 創業導向之創新性預試之信度與效度分析------------------------------ 46
表 4-6 創業導向之承擔風險性預試之信度與效度分析------------------------ 47
表 4-7 創業導向之預應性預試之信度與效度分析------------------------------ 48
表 4-8 創業績效預試之信度與效度分析表---- 49
表 4-9 正式回收樣本之基本資料分析Ι-------- 51
表 4-10 正式回收樣本之基本資料分析Ⅱ----- 52
表 4-11 回收問卷之資料分析------------- 54
表 4-12 控制傾向之信度與效度分析------------ 55
表 4-13 自我效能之信與效度分析-------------- 56
表 4-14 自尊之信度與效度分析------------- 57
表 4-15 創業導向信度與效度分析----------- 59
表 4-16 創業績效之信度與效度分析表--------- 60
表 4-17 構面相關分析表--------------------- 61
表 4-18 創業導向與控制傾向之層級迴歸分析結果------------------------------ 63
表 4-19 創業導向與自我效能之層級迴歸分析結果------------------------------ 66
表 4-20 創業導向與自尊之層級迴歸分析結果------------------------------------ 69
表 4-21 假設檢定結果------------------- 74

圖 目 錄

圖 2-1 人類行為三元交互模式--------------- 13
圖 2-2 效能信念與結果期望之關係---------- 14
圖 3-1 研究架構------------------------ 26

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