臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出一種新型三階零電壓電源轉換器，可應用於高輸入電壓之產品且開關具有零電壓切換的功能。此轉換器由三階電路架構、相移脈波寬度控制技術及次級側加入輔助被動式緩衝電路結合而成，進而改善環路電流損耗之問題，可有效提升轉換器之效率。
首先，三階電路架構的優點是降低開關上的電壓應力為輸入電壓的二分之一，而相移脈波寬度控制技術可藉由開關本體接面電容與漏電感形成諧振，使得開關達到零電壓切換。此控制技術具有對稱式半橋的概念，能提高變壓器之利用率。
其次，次級側為兩組中心抽頭式整流電路並聯，能平均分攤負載電流以符合輸出為低壓大電流之應用，並於整流電路中加入輔助被動式緩衝電路，使三階電路之環路電流減少，提升轉換器之效率。
因此本論文將針對此轉換器之電路分析及設計提出詳細說明，並實際研製電路及量測相關波形來驗證其有效性。

This paper presents a three-level zero-voltage DC-DC converter with phase-shift pulse-width modulation (PWM) control for high input voltage application. In the proposed converter, power switches can be achievedat zero voltage switching (ZVS). The circuit architecture of the proposed converter includes a three-level circuit with phase-shift PWM schemein the primary side and an auxiliary passive snubber in the secondary side in order to reducethe circulating current and improve circuit efficiency.
First, the three-level circuit can reduce the voltage stress of power switches at one-half of input voltage. The phase shift PWM scheme is adopted to achieve power switches turn-on at ZVS by using the switch junction capacitance and transformer leakage inductance. The symmetric PWM scheme can improve transformer flux variation and transformer efficiency.Secondly, two center-tapped rectifiers are parallel to share the load current for low voltage and high load current applications. The auxiliary passive snubber is added at the secondary side to reduce the circulating current and improve the circuit efficiency.
In this thesis, the analysis and design example of the proposed converter will discuss in detail.Finally, the prototype circuit was set up and the circuit performance will be verified by the measurement results.

目錄
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
誌謝
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
符號說明
第一章緒論
1.1研究背景與動機
1.2研究內容
1.3論文綱要
第二章電源相關技術
2.1柔切技術
2.1.1硬切換(Hard Switching)
2.1.2柔性切換(Soft Switching)
2.1.3零電壓切換(Zero-Voltage Switching, ZVS)
2.1.4零電流切換(Zero-Current Switching, ZCS)
2.2次級側整流電路架構
2.2.1半波整流
2.2.2橋式整流
2.2.3中間抽頭整流
2.2.4倍流整流
第三章三階電路架構
3.1三階電路發展簡介
3.2半橋三階電路架構簡介
3.2.1基本PWM半橋三階電路工作原理
3.2.2相移式半橋三階電路工作原理
3.2.3半橋三階電路開關實現零電壓切換之條件
3.3次級側輔助電路
3.3.1被動式RCD輔助緩衝電路
3.3.2主動箝位(Active Clamp)緩衝電路
3.3.3被動式輔助緩衝電路
第四章新型三階零電壓轉換器
4.1轉換器電路架構
4.2電路操作模式分析
4.2.1操作模式一(t0~t1)
4.2.2操作模式二(t1~t2)
4.2.3操作模式三(t2~t3)
4.2.4操作模式四(t3~t4)
4.2.5操作模式五(t4~t5)
4.2.6操作模式六(t5~t6)
第五章元件設計與預估效率
5.1電路穩態分析
5.2元件設計
5.2.1變壓器參數設計
5.2.2開關設計
5.2.3諧振電感設計
5.2.4諧振電容設計
5.2.5輸出濾波電感設計
5.2.6輸出整流二極體設計
5.2.7輔助緩衝電路電容設計
5.2.8輸出濾波電容設計
5.3預估效率
5.3.1變壓器設計與計算變壓器損耗
5.3.2開關的選擇與損失
5.3.3輸出濾波電感選擇與損失
5.3.4輸出整流二極體選擇與損失
5.3.5預估滿載之效率
第六章模擬與實驗結果
6.1電路實作規格
6.2模擬及實驗結果波形
6.3電路實作效率比較
第七章結論及未來展望
7.1結論
7.2未來展望
參考文獻

參考文獻
[1]R. W. Erickson, Fundamentals of Power Electronics, First Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York., 1997.
[2]Raymond A. Mack, 2008, 交換式電源供應器剖析，林伯仁、羅有綱、陳俊吉譯, 初版, 全華科技圖書, 台北.
[3]Abraham. I. Pressman, 1999, Switching Power Supply Design, 2nd, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Taiwan.
[4]George C. Chryssis, 梁適安, 1995, 高頻交換式電源供應器原理與設計第二版, 全華圖書股份有有限公司.
[5]Christophe Basso, Switch-Mode Power Supplies Spice Simulations and Practical Designs, McGraw-Hill, Inc., 2008.
[6]N. H. Kutkut, G. Luckjiff, and D. M. Divan, “A Dual Bridge High Current Dc-to-Dc Converter with Soft Switching Capability”, in Proc. of IEEE IAS, Vol. 2, pp. 1398-1405, Oct., 1997.
[7]J. R. Pinheiro and I. Barbi, “The Three-Level ZVS PWM Converter a New Concept in High-Voltage Dc-to-Dc Conversion”, in Proc. of IEEE IECON, vol. 1, pp. 173-178, Nov., 1992.
[8]Texas Instruments, Inc., “BiCMOS Advanced Phase Shift PWM Controller UCC3895”, 2001.
[9]B. R. Lin, L. A. Lin, Y. J. Chiang, and P. L. Chen, “Series Resonant Converter with Output Voltage Doubler”, in Proc. of IEEE TECON, pp. 1823-1828, Nov., 2010.
[10]鄭振東, 民國90, 新型柔性切換式電源技術入門, 全華科技圖書股份有限公司, 台北.
[11]Yi Zhao, Wuhua Li, Weichen Li, and Xiangning He, “An Active Clamp ZVT Converter with Input-parallel and Output-series Configuration”, in Proc. of IEEE APEC, pp. 1454-1459, Feb., 2010.
[12]B. R. Lin, J. Y. Jhong, J. J. Chen, and H. K. Chiang, “Analysis and Implementation of a Novel Dual Resonant Converter”, in Proc. of IEEE TECON, pp. 1835-1840, Nov., 2010.
[13]K. H. Liu and F. C. Lee, “Zero-Voltage Switching Technique in DC/DC Converters”, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 293-304, July, 1990.
[14]G. A. Karvelis and S. N. Manias, “Analysis and Design of Flyback Zero-Current Switched (ZCS) Quasi-Resonant AC/DC Converter”, IEE Proceeding - Electric Power Applicat., vol. 144, no. 6, pp. 401-408, Nov., 1997.
[15]B. R. Lin, H. K. Chiang, J. J. Chen, and H. Y. Shih, “Implementation of a Parallel ZVS Forward Converter with Less Power Switches”, in Proc. of IEEE ICIEA, pp. 104-111, June, 2010.
[16]B. R. Lin, H. K. Chiang, J. J. Chen, and H. Y. Shih, “Implementation of a Parallel ZVS Forward Converter with Less Power Switches”, in Proc. of IEEE ICIEA, pp. 104-111, June, 2010.
[17]B. R. Lin, R. S. Wu, C. H. Chao, and Y. J. Chiang, “Interleaved Double Series Resonant Converter”, in Proc. of IEEE ICIEA, pp. 1815-1820, June, 2011.
[18]曹豐濱, 2010, 交錯式電源轉換器之研製, 國立雲林科技大學, 碩士論文.
[19]阮新波, 2006, 三電平直流變換器及其軟開關技術, 科學出版社, 北京.
[20]J. R. Pinheiro and I. Barbi, “The Three-Level ZVS PWM Converter a New Concept in High-Voltage dc-to-dc Conversion”, in Proc. of IEEE IECON, vol. 1, pp. 173-178, Nov., 1992.
[21]F. Canales, P. Barbosa, J. Burdio, and F. C. Lee, “A Zero Voltage Switching Three-Level Dc/Dc Converter”, in Proc. of IEEE INTELEC, pp. 512-517, 2000.
[22]L. H. Mweene, C. A. Wright, and M. F. Schlecht, “A 1 kW 500 kHz front-end converter for a distributed power supply system,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 398–407, Jul. 1991.
[23]F. Canales, P.M. Barbosa and F.C. Lee, “A zero voltage and zero current switching three level DC/DC converter”, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 1, pp. 314–320, Jul. 1991
[24]J. G. Cho, J. W. Baek, C. Y. Jeong and G. H. Rim, “Novel Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching Full-Bridge PWM Converter Using a Simple Auxiliary Circuit”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., Vol. 35, No. 1, January/Febmary 1999.
[25]Ting-Ting Song , Nianci Huang, “Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching Three-Level DC-DC Converter with Reduced Rectifier Voltage Stress”, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 2, pp. 1071–1077, 2004.