臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究首先以LED閱讀燈為設計改良載具，搜尋有關LED閱讀燈現有的期刊、專利、論文等知識文件資料，再將LED閱讀燈散熱性、整體結構設計與LED主體燈源之技術功能分類，每項方案包含兩種我們所針對LED閱讀燈散熱性、整體結構設計與LED燈源主體所改良的技術。此三種創新方案以修正式FUZZY ANP及ANP去比較決定三個創新方案的優先順序。本研究將常態化數值間比較的數值差距較大，採用較大的比例分配為一單位重要尺度。若常態化數值間比較的數值差距較小，則採用較小的比例來分配重要尺度。並將修正式FUZZY ANP搭配三角形歸屬函數，判定常態化數值之差距位於兩個三角形交集的模糊地帶，採用α-cut的觀念，若歸屬函數α≧0.5則其歸屬於1，若歸屬函數α<0.5則其歸屬於0，比較結果證實修正式FUZZY ANP所評比的結果優於ANP所決定出來的方案。故本文以修正式FUZZY ANP模糊分析網路程序法為決定創新方案的優先順序，並將載具LED立/桌燈沿用修正式FUZZY ANP方法。本研究案例初步擬定針對「LED立/桌燈」FUZZY ANP方案中欲改善「立/桌燈整體結構」、「立/桌燈散熱性」、「LED燈源主體」的三項技術中，將方案A分為「立/桌燈散熱性+立/桌燈整體結構」、方案B分為「立/桌燈整體結構+ LED燈源主體」、方案C分為「立/桌燈散熱性+ LED燈源主體」，經由立/桌燈產品之相關文獻探討及各項專利，將伸縮桿、連接頭、散熱鰭片、散熱座、發光源、燈泡造型、燈罩為評選產品設計方案時重要的評估準則，本研究將常態化數值加入位置權重概念計算，將原本的常態化數值改良，使創新方案的決策更為精準。首先將目標及評估準則屬性建立階層關係，同時考量各準則屬性之間相互影響的關係，展開成網路架構。接者修正式FUZZY ANP須考慮各評估準則間內部的相互依存關係，因此本研究採用專利技術字檢索中搜尋到的關鍵字與該項技術中所出現關鍵字出現的位置權重概念計算之常態化數值比例，並在相關技術專利中如有發現這相同專利關鍵字，由此來判斷評估準則間的相依性。最後再對各方案間內部相互依存關係做相對重要度比對。至於各方案間內部相互依存之相對重要尺度比例判斷，為將方案內的兩種創新技術針對所要比對的評估準則間具有內部相依性的關鍵技術字的位置權重概念計算之常態化數值比例加總，將加總後之值代入各項相對重要度比對所形成的成對比較矩陣，進一步所算出各權重值以及特徵向量。利用本文之修正式FUZZY ANP模糊分析網路程序法，將各項相對重要度比對的成對比較矩陣再代入其超級矩陣內，並計算出優先權重值，最後以各創新方案所計算出來的優先權重值，來進行產品方案的評選與決策，以決定創新方案的優先順序。最後演算後得三個技術設計方案之優先權值，重要優先順序為方案C＞方案B＞方案A；而權值最高者即為最佳選擇方案。也就是說，方案C為經評選後最符合LED立/桌燈之最佳產品設計方案。
經本文之研究結果顯示，本文再利用修正式TRIZ發明法做改良創新技術，針對方案C的兩項技術做改良創新，以節省開發人員開發產品所需的時程。

Taking LED reading lamp as a carrier of design correction, the study searches the related knowledge and information from the existing journals, patent documents and research thesises about LED reading lamp, and then classifies the techniques functions of LED reading lamp into heat dissipation, overall structural design and main structure of LED light source. Each plan contains two modified techniques for heat dissipation, overall structural design and main structure of LED light source of LED reading lamp respectively.The priority order of these three innovation plans is determined after comparison by modified fuzzy analytic network process (fuzzy ANP) and ANP. In this study,when the numerical difference between normalized numerical values is greater, a greater proportion for distribution is taken as the importance scale for one unit. If the numerical difference between normalized numerical values is smaller, a smaller proportion for distribution is taken as the importance scale. Having attached triangular membership function to modified fuzzy ANP, it is determined that normalized difference is situated at the fuzzy zone where two triangles intersect. Employing α-cut concept, if membership function is α≧0.5, it belongs to 1; and if membership function is α<0.5, it belongs to 0. As verified from the comparative results, the comparative result of modified fuzzy ANP is better than the plan determined by ANP. Therefore, the paper employs modified fuzzy ANP to determine the priority order of innovation plans, and hence uses modified fuzzy ANP for the carrier, LED standing/desk lamp. The case study preliminarily focuses on three techniques to be improved in fuzzy ANP plan of LED standing/desk lamp, namely overall structure of standing/desk lamp, heat dissipation of standing/desk lamp, and main structure of LED light source. Plan A is divided into “heat dissipation of standing/desk lamp + overall structure of standing/desk lamp.” Plan B is divided into “overall structure of standing/desk lamp + main structure of LED light source.” Plan C is divided into “heat dissipation of standing/desk lamp + main structure of LED light source.” After exploration of different references and patents about standing/desk lamp products, the study takes extendable rod, connector, heat dissipation fin, heat sink, light source, light bulb shape and lamp shade as the important evaluation standards for selection of product design plan. The study adds in position weight concept for calculation of normalized numerical values, improving the original normalized numerical values and making the decisions of innovation plan more precise. First of all, hierarchical relationship is established for objectives and evaluation criteria attributes. Meanwhile, the study considers the mutual effects of different criteria attributes, and develops them as a network structure. After that, modified fuzzy ANP has to consider the internal interdependence among the various evaluation criteria. Therefore, the study adopts the keywords searched from retrieval of patents’ technical words and the proportion normalized value calculated by position weight concept of the keywords appeared in this technique, and also the same patents’ keywords if found in the related technical patents. Then the study can use this way to judge the interdependence among the evaluation criteria. Finally, comparison of relative importance is made based on the internal interdependence among different plans. As to judgment of relative importance scale proportion of the internal interdependence among different plans, it adds up the proportions of normalized value, calculated by position weight concept, of the key technical words with internal interdependence among the evaluation criteria of two innovation techniques to be compared in the plan. The sum is substituted in the pairwise comparison matrix formed after comparing the relative importance of different items. Furthermore, each weight value and feature vector are calculated. Using the developed modified fuzzy ANP, the paper substitutes the pairwise comparison matrix, formed after comparing the relative importance of different items, in its supermatrix, and calculates the prioritized weight value. Finally, the paper uses the prioritized weight values calculated by different innovation plans to make selection and strategic decision for product plans, and decide the priority order of innovation plans. Finally, after calculation, the prioritized weight values of three technical design plans. The priority order of importance for the three plans is: Plan C > Plan B > Plan A. The plan with the highest weight value is just the best choice of plan. It implies that Plan C is the best product design plan for LED standing/desk lam after selection.
According to the above research results,this study further uses the modified TRIZ invention method to improve innovation techniques. Focusing on the two techniques of Plan C, improvement of innovation techniques can be made in order to save the time required by staff in development of new products.

摘要 I
Abstract III
誌謝 VI
目錄 VII
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XV
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究背景與研究動機目的 1
1.2 LED文獻回顧 3
1.3 LED立燈散熱相關文獻 3
1.3.1 LED立燈相關文獻 4
1.3.2 LED立燈燈源主體相關文獻 5
1.4 LED桌燈散熱相關文獻 5
1.4.1 LED桌燈相關文獻 6
1.4.2 LED桌燈燈源主體相關文獻 6
1.5 修正式TRIZ相關文獻 7
1.6 模糊分析網路程序法相關文獻 10
1.7 論文架構 12
第二章 LED立/桌燈相關理論介紹 14
2.1 LED立/桌燈介紹 14
2.1.1 LED立/桌燈物料表(BOM) 15
2.2 LED理論介紹 18
2.2.1 LED發光原理 19
2.2.2 LED封裝後之溫度 21
2.3 熱傳遞理論 22
2.3.1熱傳導傳遞 22
2.3.2熱對流傳遞 23
2.4 光學理論 25
2.4.1 光通量 25
2.4.2 照度 25
2.4.3 發光強度 26
2.4.4 配光曲線 28
第三章 修正式TRIZ分群法 31
3.1 TRIZ源起 31
3.2 TRIZ理論基礎 31
3.3修正式TRIZ分群法 34
3.4 修正式分群法TRIZ判讀流程 37
第四章 修正式分析網路程序法(ANP)評選LED閱讀燈過程 41
4.1 分析網路程序法(Analytic Network Process,ANP) 41
4.1.1 ANP法的決策程序 41
4.1.2傳統分析網路程序法 42
4.2修正式分析網路程序法 43
4.2.1搜尋專利關鍵技術字群選出評估準則 44
4.2.2產生ANP的三種創新方案 45
4.3判斷ANP各成對比較矩陣的相對重要尺度與權重值 45
第五章 修正式FUZZY ANP評選LED閱讀燈過程 61
5.1模糊集簡介 61
5.1.1歸屬函數 62
5.1.2標準交集(Standard Intersection) 63
5.1.3 α-截集(α-cut) 63
5.2修正式模糊分析網路程序法 64
5.3 修正式FUZZY ANP評選LED閱讀燈過程 65
5.4 修正式ANP與FUZZY ANP評選結果比較 79
第六章 修正式FUZZY ANP加入位置權重概念計算之常態化數值評選 LED立/桌燈過程 81
6.1 利用專利技術字篩選出評估準則 81
6.2專利文件之加入位置權重概念計算之常態化數值之概念及說明 82
6.3 建立層級架構圖 83
6.4修正式FUZZY ANP評選LED立/桌燈之過程 85
6.5 選擇產品最佳創新方案 106
第七章 LED立/桌燈修正式TRIZ創新個別方案研發過程及模擬 111
7.1新改良LED立/桌燈技術問題 111
7.2 利用修正式TRIZ在立/桌燈散熱性的技術改良與模擬 113
7.2.1 專利號US20120211212之散熱結構說明 113
7.2.2 Fluent熱傳軟體介紹 114
7.2.3 運用修正式TRIZ改良善熱結構 121
7.2.4 加入風扇散熱鰭片的散熱效果改善 125
7.2.5 散熱鰭片重量與散熱效果改善 130

7.3 利用修正式TRIZ在LED立/桌燈支架結構的技術改良與模擬 135
7.3.1 內部支架定位改良 140
7.3.2 精準孔定位之改良 143
7.3.3 外部支架之改良 147
7.3.4 LED立/桌燈整體組裝 151
7.3.5 LED立/桌燈轉軸之扭力計算 152
7.4 利用修正式TRIZ在LED燈源主體的技術改良與模擬 153
7.4.1 專利號USD629555S之反射罩說明 153
7.4.2 TracePro光學軟體介紹 154
7.4.3 運用修正式TRIZ改善光照亮度 159
7.4.4 反射罩之修正式TRIZ系統的判讀流程 163
7.5 修正式TRIZ改良的創新技術成為修正式FUZZY ANP的創新方案 167
第八章 結論 169
參考文獻 172

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