臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今世界各國極力發展太陽能發電，國內的再生能源法也在立法中，太陽電池產業極具發展性，目前國內機械設備製造廠的研發製造能力要製造太陽電池印刷製程設備是可行的，國內所製造的機械設備在品質、性能上是不輸國外製造廠，唯一只需解決的是整合的問題，因為目前所看到的國產自動化製程設備在系統整合這塊做的不是很理想，這部分仍須國內機械設備製造廠再投入更多的人力物力去解決。
設備的好壞與生產製程息息相關，因此評估網版印刷、噴墨印刷、膠版印刷技術在工業太陽電池生產上更顯重要。
以網版印刷、噴墨印刷、膠版印刷應用在矽太陽電池印刷製程上的分析得到下列結果：
1.以生產良率的觀點來討論，網版印刷、噴墨印刷及膠版印刷都可達到所需的良率。
2.太陽電池電極導線印刷線寬如果要降至40μm以下則只有噴墨印刷及膠版印刷適合。
3.以製程速度觀點來討論，網版印刷與噴墨印刷速度比膠版印刷慢。
4.以印刷製程中導電材料塗佈方式來討論導電材料的耗費，網版印刷的導電材料耗費比噴墨印刷、膠版印刷來的高。
5.膠版印刷擁有高生產良率、有較低製程成本、印刷線寬能達20～35μm、印刷速度極快達22.01m/s，為最適合於太陽電池電極導線印刷技術。因此要考慮線寬、製程速度、製程成本，膠版印刷較佔優勢。
面對未來太陽電池需求大增，太陽電池製造廠在擴充生產線時可將膠版印刷列入考量，而現有的網版印刷設備可以以最少經費透過設備的升級、更改印刷機構轉變成網版膠版印刷，屆時將可以更快的速度生產出品質、良率更高的太陽電池。

Currently there is a world wide effort to develop solar generated electrical power . In our country , the renewable energy law is at the legislation stage . The research and development as well as the capability of domestic equipment mechanical manufacturing plants for solar cell printing process are quite mature . In general , the qualities of equipment manufactured domestically are not inferior to that of imported equipment . The main weakness is in the system integration of the by domestically made automated tools. This area still requires dedicated effort of mechanical manufacturing companion.
There for it is essential to equipment the screen printing , offset printing , and inkjet printing technology for solar cell application.
The results of our analyse of screen printing , inkjet printing and offset printing of silicon solar cell printing process are as follow：
1.From the angle of production yield , all three printing technology can reach the reguired yield.
2.To reach a line width 40μm or less in the printing of conduction line only inkjet printing and offset printing can reach the goal .
3.In terms of production throughput , the order is offset printing , screen printing and inkjet printing . Production cost is closely related to production throughput.
4.In the material consumption of conductive parte , from the highest consumption the order is screen printing , offset printing and inkjet printing.
5.Offset printing has high product yield , lower product cost , and the capability to print line are close to 20～35μm . Its high production speed can reach 22.01m/s , it is the most suitable printing technology for current future linewidth requirement . To consider product throughput , and production cost , only offset printing surely to for all to meet the goal .
For the increased demand of solar cells in the near future . it is essential to consider offset printing are an option when there is need of the expansion of the production line . It is advised to upgrade the current screen printing tools by considering the more offset printing technology .

摘要...........................................I
ABSTRACT......................................II
誌謝...........................................IV
目錄...........................................V
表目錄.........................................VIII
圖目錄.........................................IX
第一章 緒論
1.1. 前言與研究目的........................01
1.2. 太陽電池發電原理......................03
1.3. 太陽電池分類..........................05
1.4. 矽太陽電池製程簡介.....................08
1.5. 矽太陽電池電極介紹.....................10
1.5.1. 正面電極（Front Side contacts）導線..10
1.5.2. 背面電極（Back Side contacts）......11
1.6. 烘烤製程..............................13
1.6.1. 燒結（Sintering）...................13
1.6.2. 電極燒結（Co-Firing）................14
1.7. 電極導線印刷方式........................14
第二章 網版印刷
2.1. 簡介.................................18
2.2. 製程與製程參數.........................18
2.2.1. 乳劑（emulsion）....................20
2.2.2. 網目（stencil）.....................21
2.2.3. 橡皮刮刀（Squeegee）.................22
2.3. 銀膠（Silver conductive paste）.......23
2.3.1. 導電粒子............................23
2.3.2. 粒徑................................23
2.3.3. 顆粒形狀.............................23
2.3.4. 黏著劑（Resin）......................24
2.3.5. 溶劑（Solvent）......................24
2.3.6. 助劑（Accelarator）..................24
2.4. 烘烤製程...............................24
2.4.1. 烘乾（Drying）.......................24
2.4.2. 燒結（Sintering）....................25
2.4.3. 基板溫度.............................26
2.5. 印刷壓力...............................26
2.6. 速度..................................27
2.7. 分辨率與線寬............................27
2.7.1. 定義.................................27
2.7.2. 印刷分辨率與線寬.......................28
2.8. 導電性與電阻性...........................29
2.9. 特性與優勢..............................30
第三章 噴墨印刷
3.1. 簡介...................................31
3.1.1. 連續式（Continuous）..................32
3.1.2. 供需式（Drop-on-demand）..............33
3.1.3. 比較.................................37
3.2. 印刷參數................................38
3.3. 導電墨水................................39
3.4. 墨水參數................................39
3.5. 速度與壓電驅動信號........................40
3.6. 咖啡環（coffee-ring or donut）效應.......43
3.7. 導電性與電阻性...........................45
3.8. 分辨率與線寬.............................46
3.9. 特性與優勢...............................46
3.10. 應用....................................47
第四章 膠版印刷
4.1. 簡介....................................48
4.2. 印刷方式.................................49
4.2.1. 凸版印刷（Toppan printing）方式.........49
4.2.2. 凹版印刷（Gravure printing）方式........50
4.2.3. 網版膠版（Screen-Offset printing）印刷..52
4.3. 導電油墨.................................56
4.4. 製程參數.................................56
4.5. 分辨率與線寬..............................57
4.6. 導電性與電阻性.............................57
4.7. 速度與成本................................57
4.8. 特性與優勢................................57
4.9. 應用.....................................58
第五章 印刷技術應用於大量生產太陽電池之分析
5.1. 印刷生產設備分析...........................59
5.1.1. 自製設備的重要性.........................59
5.1.2. 設備改良與研發方向.......................63
5.2. 設備與產品的關係...........................64
5.3. 國內太陽電池印刷設備技術發展swot分析..........65
5.4. 三種印刷技術比較及瓶頸分析與效益評估...........66
5.4.1. 三種印刷技術比較..........................66
5.4.2. 瓶頸分析與未來發展........................68
5.4.3. 效益評估................................68
5.5.膠版印刷技術的優勢..............................69
5.6. 膠版印刷在太陽電池產業未來的發展..............69
第六章 結論........................................70
參考文獻.............................................71

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