臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文利用共聚改質降低PET融點，與高強力PET紗線使用圓編機進行混合，用高強力PET紗做為心軸紗以共聚改質PET紗做為編織紗包繞，編織成纖維體積含有率50 ％的混合紗，在此設計出五種不同的紗線結構，以打樣機製作成五種不同的預形織物，之後以真空熱壓法成型為全聚酯自增強複合材料，在此控制快速降溫與慢速降溫兩種不同的冷卻速率此變數，比較相同織密下不同混合紗線結構機械物性，研究不同紗線結構與不同織造組織對自增強型複合材料機械性質的影響，找出最佳的編織混合條件，並探討快速降溫與慢速降溫兩種不同製程參數對全聚酯自增強複合材料物性的影響，並對試片進行機械與破壞模式行為的研究。之後與不同補強材含浸共聚改質PET樹脂成型的熱塑型複合材料比較其物性與機械性質，探討全聚酯自增強複合材料對玻璃纖維和麻纖維的取代性。本論文成孕H二軸圓編機製作出五種全聚酯混合紗A、B、C、D、E，並打樣成AA、BB、CC、D D、AE五種不同的預形織物成型成全聚酯自增強複合材料，結果顯示，相較起純PET樹脂的機械物性，全聚酯自增強複合材料有極為明顯的提升，尤其在衝擊方面，可發現到未經纖維補強之改質PET純料耐衝擊強度為27.8 J/m，十分脆性，但在受梭織纖維布強化後，其衝擊性質有非常顯著的提升，試片本身的耐衝擊強度值最高可達1050.33 J/m，相較起純PET樹脂增強約40倍左右。由相同織密不同紗線結構的物性可發現， CC布不管是在快速降溫還是慢速降溫製程上都有最優良的機械性質。降溫速率比較可發現，使用水冷的快速降溫製程能有效提升全聚酯自增強複合材料的物性，並且發現相同織密不同混合紗結構的全聚酯自增強複合材料也有物性差異，其中以CCf的物性最佳，彎曲強度92.1 MPa，彎曲模數也有4.29 GPa，衝擊強度則是可高達1050.33 J/m。第二部分針對全聚酯強化複合材料與不同補強材含浸PET樹脂製作的熱塑型複合材料進行機械物性比較，結果發現在衝擊方面，以混合紗製作的全聚酯自增強複合材料有優異於玻璃纖維含浸的PET熱塑型複合材料，證明全聚酯自增強複合材料有取代傳統纖維製作複合材料的可能性，並且在密度降低的情況下也有效使產品減重，達到輕量化的目的。本實驗建議在混合紗系統中，以CC布結構，加工以230 ℃，熱壓適當時間3min，且快速降溫製程所作出的全聚酯自增強複合材料其綜合物性屬最佳化。

In this study, modified the PET to lower melting point, then use tubular braiding machine braiding high-strength PET yarn to produce the commingle yarn. Contural 50% fiber volume containing of two kind PET yarn , and design five different yarn structure to made five different prepreg fabric . Use vacuum hot pressing to product self-reinforced polyester composites ,control of rapid cooling and slow cooling of the cooling rate of the two different variables to compare the same dense weave of different mechanical properties of hybrid yarn structure, yarn structure of different organizations with different woven self-reinforced composite materials, mechanical properties, find the best mix of weaving conditions, and rapid cooling and slow cooling of two different parameters on the whole process of polyester reinforced composite material properties from the impact, and the specimens for mechanical and failure modes of behavior. After the reinforcement material impregnated with different modified PET copolymer thermoplastic resin molding composite materials to compare their physical properties and mechanical properties of the whole self-reinforced polyester composites of glass fiber and hemp fiber alternative suggestions
This thesis has two-axis circular knitting mechanism to make five full-polyester mixed yarn A, B, C, D, E, and proofing as AA, BB, CC, DD, AE five different pre-shaped fabric forming sake of polyester self-reinforced composite materials, the results showed that compared with pure PET resin from the mechanical properties of the whole self-reinforced polyester composites have very significantly improved, especially in the shocks, can be found that the modified without the PET fiber reinforced pure materials impact strength was 27.8 J / m, is very brittle, but strengthened by the woven fabric, the impact is very significant enhancement of the nature of the specimen itself, the impact strength values up to 1050.33 J / m, compared with starting pure PET resin increased about 40 times. Density by the same organization with different physical properties of yarn structure can be found, CC have the best properties of yarn structure.
Cooling rate comparison can be found, the use of water in the rapid cooling process can enhance the whole polyester self-reinforced composite material properties, and found the same weave density of different hybrid yarn structure of the full-polyester self-reinforced composites also have physical differences, which CCf the the best properties, bending strength 92.1 MPa, flexural modulus is also 4.29 GPa, impact strength is up to 1050.33 J / m.
The second part of the whole polyester reinforced composite materials for the different reinforcement material impregnated with the production of PET thermoplastic resin composite material mechanical properties, the results found compare to glass/PET thermoplastic composite, the polyester self-reinforced composite materials have replaced traditional fiber composites made possible, and in the case of lower density, but also be effective for weight loss products, to achieve the purpose of lightening.

目錄
致謝
中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章 前言
1.1 引言 1
1.2 文獻回顧
1.2.1全聚酯自增強複合材料
1.2.2 熱塑型複合材料製備
1.2.3 混合紗法
1.3 研究動機
1.4 參考文獻
第二章 原理
2.1二軸編織原理簡介
2.2二軸編織樹脂含有率簡介
第三章 實驗
3.1 實驗材料
3.2實驗儀器與設備
3.3實驗流程
3.4實驗項目
3.4.1 示差熱掃描分析儀
3.4.2 全聚酯混合紗製備
3.4.3全聚酯預形織物製備
3.4.4全聚酯自增強複合材料製備
3.4.4.1熱壓前模具真空測量準備
3.4.4.2 熱壓前油管和冷卻管接法
3.4.4.3 快速降溫
3.4.4.4 自然降溫
3.4.4.5 不同補強材含浸PET熱塑型複合材料製備

3.5 實驗代號
3.6 拉伸機械性質測試
3.7 三點灣曲機械性質測試
3.8衝擊能量吸收機械性質測試
第四章 結果與討論
4.1 共聚改質PET樹脂熱流變特性
4.2 熱壓成型作業條件之決定
4.3全聚酯自增強複合材料織物結構觀察
4.4 結構不同對全聚酯自增強複合材料之影響
4.5 降溫速率效應對結構之影響
4.6 不同補強材物性比較
第五章 總結
第六章 建議
表目錄
表2.1 不同PET混合紗法紗線編織參數
表2.2 紗線樹脂含有率實測
表3.1 全聚酯預形織物編織參數
表4.1 不同測試溫度之毛細管流變儀平均黏度值
表4.2 全聚酯自增強複合材料快速降溫機械性能
表4.3 全聚酯自增強複合材料自然降溫機械性能
表4.4 全聚酯自增強複合材料快速降溫拉伸機械性能
表4.5 全聚酯自增強複合材料與不同補強材機械性能比較
圖目錄
圖 1.1 熱擠壓法(Hot compaction)
圖 1.2 共擠出法(Co-extrusion)
圖 1.3 溶液含浸法簡圖
圖 1.4 熔融含浸法簡圖
圖 1.5 粉末含浸法簡圖
圖 1.6 共織織物示意圖
圖 1.7 混合紗法類型
圖 2.1二軸圓編機各部位示意圖
圖 2.2 攜紗器運動示意圖
圖 2.3 攜紗器編織示意圖
圖 2.4 編織紗線部位示意圖
圖 3.1 打樣機織造全聚酯預形織物實際情況
圖 3.2全聚酯預形織物實際成品
圖 3.3 全聚酯預形織物與其他不同補強材織物
圖 3.4 AA織物設計加工流程
圖 3.5 BB織物設計加工流程
圖 3.6 CC織物設計加工流程
圖 3.7 DD織物設計加工流程
圖 3.8 AE織物設計加工流程
圖 3.9模具上下層油水管接法
圖 3.10 樹脂緩衝槽
圖 3.11 拉伸測試簡圖
圖 3.12 三點彎曲測試簡圖
圖 3.13 三點彎曲試驗中可能的破壞模式
圖 3.14 衝擊測試機台簡圖
圖 3.15 衝擊測試試片簡圖
圖 4.1 兩種PET紗線DSC熔點測試圖
圖 4.2 改質PET樹脂不同溫度之黏度曲線圖
圖4.3 不同混合紗結構的全聚酯自增強複合材料橫截面
圖4.4全聚酯自增強複合材料相同織密不同結構快速降溫三點彎曲曲線
圖 4.5 全聚酯自增強複合材料相同織密不同結構自然降溫三點彎曲曲線
圖 4.6 全聚酯自增強複合材料三點彎曲測試照片
圖 4.7 全聚酯自增強複合材料三點彎曲破壞試片外觀
圖 4.8 衝擊試片破壞(a)正面與(b)橫截面
圖 4.9 全聚酯自增強複合材料拉伸曲線圖
圖 4.10 全聚酯自增強複合材料與純樹脂拉伸曲線示意圖
圖 4.11 全聚酯自增強複合材料拉伸破壞正面(a)與斷面截面(b)
圖 4.12 全聚酯自增強複合材料快速降溫三點彎曲曲線
圖 4.13 全聚酯自增強複合材料自然降溫三點彎曲曲線
圖 4.14 全聚酯自增強複合材料快速降溫三點彎曲試片破壞(a)正面(b)橫截面(c)背面
圖 4.15 全聚酯自增強複合材料自然降溫三點彎曲試片破壞(a)正面(b)橫截面(c)背面
圖 4.16 快速降溫與自然降溫之偏光顯微鏡觀察圖

圖 4.17 全聚酯自增強複合材料與不同補強材三點彎曲曲線比較

圖 4.18 玻璃纖維/PET複合材料複合材料三點彎曲試片破壞(a)正面(b)橫截面(c)背面(d)斷裂截面
圖 4.19 麻纖維/PET複合材料複合材料三點彎曲試片破壞(a)正面(b)橫截面(c)背面(d)斷裂截面
圖 4.20 玻璃纖維/PET複合材料複合材料衝擊試片破壞(a)正面與(b)橫截面(c)斷裂截面
圖 4.21 麻纖維/PET複合材料複合材料衝擊試片破壞(a)正面與(b)橫截面(c)斷裂截面

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