臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要目的為研製一家禽致昏器，為了提高致昏器轉換效率，提出一交錯式順向轉換器，使用單電容緩振電路來緩和開關截止轉態時的電壓突波；同時可降低MOSFET上汲極-源極間電壓的上昇速度，以減少開關截止轉態時的切換損失。除此之外，轉換器被操作在連續與不連續的邊界模式下，以降低開關導通時的切換損失；同時採用交錯式的方式來降低輸出電流漣波，在滿載時比較傳統式順向轉換器時，可提升效率約3％。與傳統緩振器電路比較，本文所提轉換器可減少元件的數量，減少轉換器的重量與大小及容易完成。而轉換器輸出側為直流電壓，由於致昏家禽需要一交流電壓，故在輸出側加入一組全橋換流器，來達到直流電壓轉成交流電壓的目的。而致昏器系統具有過電壓、過電流、過溫度等多重保護電路，以防止屠宰場的高溫高濕的環境下與屠宰人員不當的操作，所造成電子儀器設備短路，內部電路燒毀等問題。

This thesis presents a design of the poultry electric stunner. An interleaving forward converter with a single-capacitor snubber to smooth out switch turn-off transient the drain-source voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET) switch to reduce turn-off loss is proposed to improve the conversion efficiency. In addition, the converters are operated on the boundary of continuous and discontinuous conduction modes to reduce output current ripple, as compared with the counterparts of conventional converter under full load condition, about 3% higher. As compared with the counterparts of conventional converter topologies, the proposed converters have the merits of less components count, smaller size, and they are easier to implement. The outputs of converter are direct-voltage, and alternating voltage is necessary for the poultry electrical stunner, one full-bridge inverter is added to convert dc to ac. The converters have auto-stunning mechanism, which include over-voltage, over-current and over-temperature protection circuits.

目錄
中文摘要.................................................... i
英文摘要.................................................... ii
誌 謝................................................... iii目 錄................................................... iv
圖 目 錄................................................... vii
表 目 錄................................................... xi
第一章 緒論................................................. 1
1.1研究背景......................................... 1
1.2研究動機與目的................................... 2
1.3先前的研究....................................... 3
1.4論文大綱......................................... 4
第二章 家禽致昏方式與機制................................... 5
2.1致昏方式......................................... 5
2.2皮膚等效電路..................................... 6
2.3電氣參數調整原理................................ 11
第三章 致昏器系統架構...................................... 13
3.1 轉換器模組...................................... 13
3.1.1電路動作原理............................... 14
3.2換流器模組...................................... 18
3.2.1全橋轉換器................................. 19
3.3輔助電源系統.................................... 21
3.3.1返馳式電源轉換器之電路工作原理............. 22
3.3.2輔助電源之元件設計......................... 25
3.4保護電路........................................ 31
3.4.1保護電路架構............................... 32
第四章 柔切換順向式轉換器.................................. 35
4.1電路推導........................................ 37
4.2電路動作原理.................................... 39
4.3柔切換順向式轉換器電路設計...................... 47
第五章 實測波形............................................ 50
5.1硬體規格........................................ 50
5.2實測波形........................................ 52
第六章 結論與未來研究方向.................................. 62
6.1結論............................................ 62
6.2未來研究方向.................................... 62
參考文獻................................................... 63

參考文獻
[1] 楊天數，人道屠宰研討會講稿，2004年，苗栗。
[2] H. A. Channon, A. M, Payne, and R. D. Warner,“Comparison of CO2 Stunning(50Hz) of Pigs on Carcass and Meat Quality,”Trans. on Biophsical Chemistry, pp. 63 – 68, 2002.
[3] J. W. Finnie, C. Van den Heuvel, V. Gebski, J. Manavis, G. E. Summersides, and P. C. Blumbergs,“Effect of Impact on Different Regions of the Head of Lambs,”Trans. on Biophsical Chemistry, Vol. 124, pp. 159 – 164, 2001.
[4] R, Mohan,“Welfare During Stunning and Slaughter of Poultry,”Trans. on Poultry Science, 1998, pp. 1815 – 1819.
[5] V, Sante, et al.,“Effect of Stunning Current Frequency on Carcass Downgrading and Meat Quality of Turkey,”Trans. on Poultry Science, pp. 1208 – 1214, 2000.
[6] 蘇東陞，“具自動參數調整之家畜致昏器研製”，國立中正大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國93年。
[7] 陳世賢，“智慧型羊隻電昏器研製”，國立中正大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國94年。
[8] 梁適安，“交換式電源供應器之理論與實務設計”，全華出版社，民國84年8月，pp. 107 – 151.
[9] Y. M. Cheng, S. Y. Tseng, C. T. Tsai, and T. F. Wu,“Interleaved Buck Converters with a Single-Capacitor Turn-off Snubber,”IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronics System, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 945 – 967, 2004.
[10] M. T. Zhang, M. M. Jovanovic, amd F. C. Y. Lee,“Analysis and Evaluation of Interleaving Techniques in Forward Converters,”IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 690 –
698, 1998.
[11] C. Duarte, and I., Barbi,“A Family of ZVS-PWM Active-Clamping dc-to-dc Converters：Synthesis, Analysis, Design, and Experimentatio,”IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I ： Fundamental Theory and Applications, pp. 698 – 704.
[12] C. A. Munoz B,“Study of a New Passive Lossless Turn-off Snubber,”Proceedings of the CIEP, PP. 147 – 152, 1998.
[13] C. L. Chen and C. J. Tseng,“Passive Lossless Snubbers for DC/DC Converters,”Processing of the Circuit, Devices and System, Vol. 145, No. 6, pp. 396 – 401, 1998.
[14] G. Hua and Fred C. Lee,“Soft-Switching Techniques in PWM Converters,”Proceeding of the IECON, Vol. 2, pp. 637 – 643, 1993.
[15] Ray L. Lin, Yiqing Zhao, and Fred C. Lee,“Improved Soft-Switching ZVT Conveters with Active Snubber,”Proceeding of the APEC, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 1063 – 1069, 1998.
[16] Julian Y. Zhu, and Daohong Ding,“Zero-Voltage-and Zero-Current-Switched PWM DC-DC Converters Using Active Snubber,”IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 1406 – 1412, 1999.
[17] C. L. Chen and C. J. Tseng,“A Passive Lossless Snubber Cell for Nonisolated PWM DC/DC Converters,”IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 690 – 698, 1998.
[18] K. M. Smith and K. M. Smedley,“A Comparison of Active and Passive Soft Switching Methods for PWM Converters,”Proceedings of the IEEE PESC, Vol. 1, pp. 94 – 100, 1998.
[19] G. Hua and C. F. Lee,“Soft-Switching techniques in PWM Converters,”Proceedings of the IECON, Vol. 2, pp. 637 – 643, 1993.
[20] G. Hua, C. S. Leu, Y. Jiang and Fred C. Y. Lee,“Novel Zero-Voltage-Transition PWM Converters,”IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 213 – 219, 1994.