臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文中，我們提出和設計透鏡對於LED路燈的光學設計Trace pro軟體，他提供了一個平台讓我們理解如何通過鏡頭的光線前進和道路仿真軟件 Dialux ，Dialux的軟體是用來評估平均照明和配光均勻度。
許多LED路燈使用矩陣陣列，其中有許多缺點如電路設計問題。我們用多芯片在框架上，也就是說，單模塊大功率LED（140W）包裝設計，它可以減少大小的路燈，減少複雜性透鏡的設計和降低成本。我們探討了3種不同的透鏡來比較遠場光強和光照角度。
有了光學設計方法和LED路燈的基礎可以達到高的輸出效率0.857，高的均勻度有0.587達到0.753，平均照度從19 lx到21 lx和接近蝙蝠遠場光束角分佈的方法可以實現。

In this paper, we proposed and designed the lens for light emitting diode (LED) street lights by optical designing software Trace Pro which provided a platform for us to comprehend how the rays go forward through lens and roadway simulation software dialux, where dialux software is used to assess the average dialux lighting and uniformity.
Many LED street lamps used matrix array, which has many disadvantage like circuit design problems. We used multi-chip on lead frame, that is, single module high power LED (140W) package design, which can reduce size of streetlight, lessen the complexity for lens'' designing and reduce cost. We probe three kinds of lens to compare the light intensity far field angle and illumination.
With the basis of optical design and LED lights can achieve high output efficiency until 0.857; high uniformity from 0.587 to 0.753, the average illumination from 19 lx to 21 lx and approach of batwing far field beam angle distribution can be achieved.

Abstract ii
Acknowledgements iv
Contents v
List of Tables viii
List of Figures x
List of Equation xii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Motivation and Purpose 4
1.1 Research Process and Method 5
1.1 Thesis Structure 7
Chapter 2 Theory 9
2.1 Introduction of Street Lighting Design 9
2.2 Understanding Concept Theory in Designing Street Lighting 10
2.2.1 Luminous Flux 11
2.2.2 Luminous Intensity 11
2.2.3 Illumination 12
2.2.4 Luminance(Brightness) 13
2.2.5 Glare 13
2.2.6 Uniformity of Road Surface 14
2.2.7 Color Temperature 15
2.2.8 Color Rendering Index(CRI) 17
2.2.9 Luminous Efficiency 19
2.2.10 Flicker Effect 20
2.3 Design of Street Lighting 20
2.3.1 Ideal Distribution Curve 21
2.3.2 Type of Road 22
2.3.3 Introduction of Street Lighting Standard in the country 26
2.3.4 Fabric Lamp Mode and Type of Street Lighting Pole 29
2.3.5 Regulation of Road Lighting Lamp and Light Distribution 31
2.3.6 Definition of Street Lighting Standard 32
2.4 Introduction of Optical Design 34
2.4.1 Design of Reflector 34
2.4.2 Reflection of Light 35
2.4.3 Secondary Optics Design 36
2.4.4 Transmission Light 36
2.4.5 Light Reflection 37
2.4.6 Total Internal Reflection 39
2.4.7 Materials and Design Concept of lens 41
Chapter 3 Software and LED 46
3.1 Introduction of Optical Simulation Trace pro 46
3.2 Formation of the Simulation System LED Street Light 47
3.3 Structure of LED Light 48
3.4 Classification of LED Light 49
3.5 Module of LED Light 50
3.6 Characteristic of LED Light 51
3.7 Application of LED Light 52
3.8 Introduction Dialux Software for Street Lighting System 53
3.8.1 Establishment Type of Street Lighting 54
3.8.2 Optimization the Number of Parameters Specified in the LED Street Light 55
Chapter 4 Simulation and Result 59
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Work 64
5.1 Conclusion 64
5.2 Future Work 65
Chapter 6 References 67



List of Tables

Table 1 Comparison of LED light with a traditional light bulb 3
Table 2 The reason and preventing caused by glare 14
Table 3 Three Categories of light color temperature 16
Table 4 Reference the total width of each type group 24
Table 5 Classification of street lighting 25
Table 6 Brightness of street lighting in urban areas(unit: cd/m2) 27
Table 7 The illumination of street lighting in highway(unit: Lux) 27
Table 8 The average minimum street lighting on the sidewalk(unit: Lux) 28
Table 9 Relationship between average brightness and illumination light 28
Table 10 Relationship between road classification and condition of light illumination 29
Table 11 Relationship between the height of street light and lamp fabric installation distance 30
Table 12 Oh is a formation distance between lever arm street lighting 32
Table 13 The standard definition LRL(Longitudinal Roadway Lines) 33
Table 14 The standard definition TRL(Transverse Roadway Lines) 33
Table 15 Standard definitions TRL short, medium and long based on installation height and angle of the light peak 33
Table 16 Application of LED light 52
Table 17 The rules used in the distribution coefficient roads 55
Table 18 The simulation of various types for road and fabric lamp mode 56
Table 19 The street lighting levels accordance with CE 57
Table 20 The distribution of distance trails and size distribution curve of light based on level CE3 58

Table 21 Result list by Trace pro 62
Table 22 Result list by Dialux 62






List of Figures

Fig.1 LED symbol 1
Fig.2 Historical development of Solid State Lighting 2
Fig.3(a) In Miaoli, Zhunan 4
Fig.3 (b) In Lighting and Uniformity Can be better than
Traditional street lighting 4
Fig.4 Research Flowchart 6
Fig.5 Luminous Flux 11
Fig.6 Luminous Intensity 11
Fig.7 Illumination 12
Fig.8 Luminance 13
Fig.9 Relationship between light intensity and color temperature 16
Fig.10 Color Rendering Index 17
Fig.11 Color Rendering Index (CRI) of different light sources expressed from 0 to 100 18
Fig.12 Calculation of ideal distribution curve 22
Fig.13 Various types of street lighting pole 29
Fig.14 Reflection of light in the same angle incidence light equal to the emitted light in the same plane 35
Fig.15 Point source secondary optics design 36
Fig.16 Light refraction approach normal line 37
Fig.17 Light refraction away from normal line 38
Fig.18 Total internal reflection 39
Fig.19 Bow form divided into three region as a basis for simulation lens 41
Fig.20 Use Snell’s law calculation in region 1 to avoid internal reflection 42
Fig.21 Use Snell’s law calculation in region 2 to avoid internal reflection 43
Fig.22 Shape of LED chip 44
Fig.23 Flow design of Trace pro 47
Fig.24 Structure of LED light 48
Fig.25 Types of LED package 50
Fig.26 LED light 51
Fig.27 Simulation of Dialux software 53
Fig.28(a) Slow road simulation 56
Fig.28(b) mix road simulation 57
Fig.28(c) fast road simulation 57
Fig.29(a) Shape of our light source 59
Fig.29(b) Light intensity far field angle for a light source 59
Fig.30 The structure of lens and light source 60
Fig.31 Ray Tracing by Trace pro 61
Fig.32 Light intensity far field angle by Trace pro 61
Fig.33 The simulated illumination on the detector 63
Fig.34 Actual street simulation by Dialux… 63



List of Equations
Eq.2.2.3.1 Equation of illumination… 12
Eq.2.2.9.1 Equation of external quantum efficiency 19
Eq.2.2.9.2 Equation of internal quantum efficiency… 19
Eq.2.3.1.1 Equation of ideal illumination light distribution curve 22
Eq.2.4.5.1 Equation of Snell’s law calculation… 38
Eq.2.4.7.1 Equation of critical angle from PMMA into air… 43
Eq.2.4.7.2(a) Equation of calculate the angle triangle in region 3… 44
Eq.2.4.7.2(b) Equation of calculate the angle triangle in region 3… 44
Eq.2.4.7.2(c) Equation of calculate the angle triangle in region 3… 45
Eq.2.4.7.2(d) Equation of calculate the angle triangle in region 3… 45
Eq.2.4.7.2(e) Equation of calculate the angle triangle in region 3… 45

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