臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文主要是研究使用單模斜角光纖光柵所製作的生化感測器。透過斜角光纖光柵傾角變化對感測特性的理論模擬和實驗量測得知，纖殼模態與模態強度與傾角有關，而且高階纖殼模態具有較佳的感測特性。本文首先針對有機醇類溶液的光譜特性作探討，實驗中可有效辨識碳鏈數不同的醇類及濃度。甚至是碳氫數相同的醇類同分異構物，亦有不錯的辨別效果；此外以異丙醇為例，我們得知纖殼模態相對於主模態的波長偏移變化量有顯著的差異。應用在生化過程監測方面，可有效監測硝化菌其分解氨水的硝化歷程，由每日量測點可觀察出pH值下降及菌落數增加情形，約在第七日天後樣本水質趨向穩定，而這樣的結果可應用在環保或水產養殖的水質監控。另外，結合高分子感測膜及結構蝕刻，在表層披覆聚苯胺之斜角光纖光柵特性也在文中被探討，它可有效偵測氯化氫、氨氣等有害氣體。
由各項實驗結果，我們證實了所研製的斜角光纖光柵可利用高階模態增加感測精確度且有效應用於生化方面的監測，在未來可實際推廣應用在空氣污染的監控與防治上，亦可運用於河川、水庫、水產養殖等環境的進行水質改善的監測，為環保監測工作上提供一個單一系統可多點監測的建議方案。

The purpose of this study is to implement a biochemical sensor based on a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG). For the slanted gratings, the number of cladding modes and the intensity of the loss peaks of cladding modes are dependant on the tilted angle. This phenomenon can be confirmed by the theoretical calculations and experimental results. However the sensing sensitivity of the higher modes comparing with that of the core mode or lower order modes should be better for monitoring the biochemical media. The detection performance of cladding modes of this fiber sensor will be improved.
In this thesis, the spectrum of organic compounds, such as the alcohol, is firstly to be investigated and then by means of experimental measurement, the difference between the carbon bonds and concentration variation can be distinguished. Moreover, TFBG sensor may provide a better performance to recognize an alcohol metamer from other types with the same number of carbon and hydrogen bonds but chemical structure. For sensing the isopropanol, the wavelength shift of the 9th cladding mode is greatly more than that of the fundamental core mode. For measuring biochemical experiments, we could monitor the nitrobacteria decompose and nitrify amino compounds in water. By the daily measurement, we would also observe the pH value of samples to be decreased and the number of bacteria to be increased. The quality of water tends to steady after about the 7th day. Therefore, we could apply this sensor to monitor the quality of water in environmental protection or aquatic farm. Finally, a fiber sensor based on the polyaniline coating technique on the surface of an etched TFBG as a sensing film is developed for detecting volatile toxic vapors. It can effectively be used to detect harmful vapors, such as hydrochloride (HCl) and ammonia (NH3). Besides, it can be extended to the applications of monitoring air pollution and the water quality.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
1. 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機及目的 1
1.3 研究流程與章節介紹 3
2. 理論簡介 5
2.1 光纖光柵簡介 5
2.1.1 光纖內光波傳導模態特性 6
2.1.2 光纖的光敏性 12
2.1.3 光纖光柵的製作與種類 14
2.1.4 光纖光柵的用途 18
2.1.5 光纖光柵感測器種類與優缺點 19
2.2 光纖光柵模態理論 22
2.2.1 耦合模態理論 23
2.2.2 布拉格光纖光柵 32
2.3 斜角布拉格光纖光柵感測器 35
2.3.1 斜角布拉格光纖光柵理論 35
2.3.2 纖殼模態耦合 38
2.4 TFBG薄膜感測器感測理論分析 41
3. TFBG感測器理論模擬 45
3.1 蝕刻光纖光柵對感測效能之影響 45
3.1.1 FBG不同蝕刻厚度之影響 47
3.1.2 不同傾角TFBG蝕刻後光譜特性 49
3.1.3 同一蝕刻厚度對不同傾角TFBG光譜特性 51
3.1.4 光纖蝕刻不同厚度對SRI靈敏度分析 51
3.2 感測膜膜厚對感測之影響 52
3.2.1 感測膜膜厚光譜差異 53
3.2.2 對SRI 靈敏度分析 54
3.2.3 感測膜折射率改變之光譜現象 55
3.2.4 對待測氣體折射率改變之影響 59
3.3 以TFBG模擬感測膜量測有機化合物氣體(VOCs) 59
4. 感測器製作與測量架構設計 63
4.1 實驗流程 63
4.2 斜角光纖光柵寫製與架構 63
4.3 光纖蝕刻架構 65
4.4 感測膜鍍製 66
4.5 感測器測量架構 68
4.5.1 斜角光纖光柵封裝 68
4.5.2 液態生化樣本感測架構 69
4.5.3 氣體生化樣本感測架構 70
5. 實驗結果與討論 73
5.1 TFBG感測器研製特性 73
5.1.1 不同寫製角度對模態分佈影響 73
5.1.2 以不同光敏性光纖寫製TFBG的光譜特性 73
5.1.3 蝕刻後對斜角光纖光柵光譜特性 76
5.1.4 比較各模態損失峰比率，選擇感測用模態 79
5.2 TFBG感測器對不同醇類溶液濃度之模態特性比較 80
5.3 以TFBG監測硝化菌對氨水硝化過程 84
5.3.1 實驗概述 84
5.3.2 硝化菌簡介 86
5.3.3 實驗方法 88
5.3.4 分析與討論 89
5.4 高分子感測膜TFBG運用於氯化氫及氨氣氣體感測 95
5.4.1 前言 95
5.4.2 實驗方法 95
5.4.3 分析與討論 97
6. 結論 101
參考文獻 103
自傳 108

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