臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於目前電子高頻技術的瓶頸，使得無線傳輸資料速度無法滿足用戶需求。然而超寬頻光通訊具有高傳輸速率、高容量、低損耗等特性，因此本論文結合光通訊及超寬頻(UWB)技術設計一個雙向多載波超寬頻光纖-無線(ROF)系統。系統中搭配被動光纖網路元件及高速無線調變、解調電路設計，來達到多載波的傳輸效果。進一步建立多載波超寬頻通訊數學模型加以分析其傳輸特性。最後實際設立一實驗系統，比較ㄧ般正交次載波及高斯次載波之特性。實驗結果證實使用高斯次載波在多載波且小通道間距(channel spacing)的情況下擁有較佳的傳輸效能。論文所提架構可提供未來高傳輸速率、高容量的無線光纖通訊系統使用。

The wireless high speed transmission won’t satisfy the customer due to the bottleneck of the high-frequency wireless technology. This study focuses on design of an optical ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse train with on-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme for bidirectional multi-carrier radio-over-fiber (ROF) communication systems. The mathematic modeling of multi-carrier UWB system is setup to evaluate the performance of Gaussian-like subcarriers. The generated optical Gaussian-like pulses can provide the several GHz bandwidths and improve the fiber dispersion and inter-symbol interference (ISI) problems for high-bit-rate transmissions. Finally, we set up a practical experimental system to prove our proposed schemes. Compared with the orthogonal subcarrier and Gaussian subcarrier technology, the Gaussian subcarrier UWB system can provide the excellent transmission performance for small channel spacing. Modeling analysis and experiment results demonstrate that the proposed architecture can provide a large capacity and lower interference noise for the multi-channel UWB wireless communications.

目錄
中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖 目 錄 v
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究動機及目的 3
1.4論文架構 4
第二章 超寬頻系統介紹 5
2.1 超寬頻系統背景 5
2.2 脈衝無線電超寬頻系統 7
2.3多頻帶超寬頻系統 10
2.4多頻帶正交多工超寬頻系統 13
第三章 超寬頻系統原理及架構 19
3-1 雙向多頻帶超寬頻無線系統架構 19
3.1.1 中央單元 19
3.1.2 基地站 21
3.1.3 用戶端 22
3.1.4 UWB接受器設計 22
3.2 雷射增益開關與高斯波形 23
3.3 數學模型分析 27
3.4 系統天線的影響 29
3.5 系統中的通道衰減 31
3.5.1 大量衰減模型 31
3.5.2 小量衰減模型 33
第四章 系統實做及測量圖 36
4.1實做流程 36
4.2 16-QAM訊號的量測 38
4.3 PRBS訊號的量測 44
4.4 一般弦波在鄰近通道的相互干擾特性分析 47
4.5 高斯波型在鄰近通道的相互干擾特性分析 52
結論 60
參考文獻 62




圖 目 錄
圖2.1 FCC UWB頻寬示意圖 5
圖2.2 UWB超寬頻系統與傳統的窄頻訊號比較之示意圖 6
圖2.3 美國及歐洲制訂之發射之輻射功率 7
圖2.4 MB-UWB系統劃分的14個子頻帶 10
圖3.1雙向多頻帶超寬頻無線系統架構圖 19
圖3.2 EAM電吸收調變器轉移曲線 20
圖3.3相關偵測接收器簡圖 22
圖3.4 雷射增益開關原理圖 24
圖3.5 高斯波形圖 25
圖3.6 高斯波形功率頻譜密度圖 26
圖3.7 標上振幅趨近函數τ的高斯波形圖 27
圖3.8 tap-delay line 通道模型 33
圖4.1 系統實作方塊圖 36
圖4.2 進入光系統之前的16-QAM信號 38
圖4.3 天線距離0.1m 所測得的QAM訊號 40
圖4.4 天線距離1m 所測得的QAM訊號 40
圖4.5 天線距離3m 所測得的QAM訊號 41
圖4.6 中央單元與用戶端EVM曲線圖 42
圖4.7 基地站與中央單元SNR曲線圖 43
圖4.8 BS端與CU端BER曲線圖 43
圖4.9 從pattern generator所輸出的PRBS訊號 44
圖4.10 射頻訊號與光訊號經過電吸收調變器後的波形 45
圖4.11 光波在基地站降頻後的波型 46
圖4.12高斯波形經過相關接受器解調後的眼圖 47
圖4.13 多通道頻率間隔700MHz的頻譜 48
圖4.14 一般弦波在鄰近通道頻率間隔700MHz的眼圖 48
圖4.15 多通道頻率間隔200MHz的頻譜 49
圖4.16一般弦波在多通道頻率間隔200MHz的眼圖 49
圖4.17一般弦波在鄰近通道頻率正交的頻譜 50
圖4.18一般弦波在鄰近通道頻率正交的眼圖 50
圖4.19 一般弦波在通道頻率間隔小於100MHz的頻譜 51
圖4.20一般弦波在通道頻率間隔小於100MHz的眼圖 51
圖4.21 在鄰近通道頻率間隔700MHz的高斯眼圖 53
圖4.22 高斯波形在鄰近通道頻率間隔700MHz的眼圖 53
圖4.23 鄰近通道頻率間隔700MHz的高斯眼圖 54
圖4.24 高斯波形在鄰近通道頻率間隔200MHz的眼圖 55
圖4.25 高斯波形在鄰近通道頻率間隔100MHz的眼圖 56
圖4.26 通道頻寬相距80MB的眼圖波型 57
圖4.27 通道頻寬相距50MB時的高斯眼圖 58
圖4.28 通道頻寬相距50MB時的眼圖 59
表 目 錄
表4-1 16-QAM訊號在BS端的量測結果…………………………….39
表 4-2 CU端接收天線所量測到的訊號……………………………....42
表 4-3 一般弦波作為次載波的眼圖數據…………………………….52
表 4-4 高斯波作為次載波的眼圖數據……………………………….58

[1] K. Siwiak and D. Mckeown, “Ultra-wideb and Radio Technology, ” John Wiley&Sons, pp. 39-52, 2004.

[2] G. Suiyan, S. Ranvier, Z. Xiongwen, J. Kivinen, P. Vainikainen, “Multipath propagation characterization of ultra-wide band indoor radio channels,” IEEE International Conference, pp. 11-15, Sept. 2005.

[3] H. Harmuth, P. Schmid, and D. Nowak, “Transposed Sideband Modulation for Data Transmission,” IEEE Transactions , vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 868 – 870, Dec. 1967

[4] W. P. Robbins, et al., ” A frequency-selective limiter using magnetoelastic instability,” Proceedings of the IEEE vol. 55, pp. 593 – 594, April 1967.

[5] C. L. Bennettt and G. F. Ross, ”Time-Domain electromagnetics and its applications,”Proceedings of the IEEE ,vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 299-318, March 1978.

[6] V. S. Somayazulu, J. R. Foerster, S. Roy, ” Design challenges for very high data rate UWB systems,” the Thirty-Sixth Asilomar Conference, vol. 1, pp. 717- 721, Nov. 2002.

[7] C. S. Sum, M. A. Rahman, S. Sasaki, H. Harada, S. Kato, “ Cognitive interference-mitigation technique for hybrid DS-Multiband-UWB multiple access system,” Radio and Wireless Symposium, pp. 105-108, Jan. 2008.

[8] Z. Wang ,” Multi-carrier ultra-wideband multiple-access with good resilience against multiuser interference,” Information Sciences and Systems Conference, March, 2003.

[9] M. Y. Wah, Chia Yee, Ming Li Yee, “Wireless ultra wideband communications using radio over fiber,” Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, pp. 265- 269, Nov. 2003.
[10] F. Tabatabai, H. Al-Raweshidy, “Performance Evaluation for WLAN and UWB Using Radio over Fiber”, Wireless Technology, pp. 147-149, Sept. 2006.

[11] F. Dorgeuille and F. Devaux, “On the transmission performances andthe chirp parameter of a multiple-quantum-well electroabsorptionmodulator,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol. 30, pp. 2565-2572, 1994.

[12] M. Z. Win, R. A. Scholtz, ” Impulse radio: how it works.” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 36-38, Feb. 1998.

[13] Wu. Zhongshan, He. Jianqiang, Gu. Guoxiang, ”A new transceiver design for multi-band UWB system,” IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 3, pp. iii/633- iii/636, Mar 2005.

[14] D. C. Hutchings, M. Sheik-Bahae, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. vanStryland, “Kramers-Kronig relations in nonlinear optics,” Opt.Quantum Electron, vol. 24, pp. 1-30, 1992.

[15] F. Dorgeuille and F. Devaux, “On the transmission performances andthe chirp parameter of a multiple-quantum-well electroabsorptionmodulator,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol. 30, pp. 2565-2572, 1994.

[16] E. Saberinia, A. H. Tewfik, ” Single and multi-carrier UWB communications ” Signal Processing and Its Applications, vol. 2, pp. 343- 346, July 2003

[17] J. P. Costas, “A Study of a Class of Detection Waveforms Having Nearly Ideal Range-Doppler Ambiguity Properties “Proceedings of IEEE , vol. 72, no. 8, Aug. 1984.

[18] A. H. Tewfik and E. Saberinia , ” High Bit Rate Ultra-Wideband OFDM.“, IEEE GLOBECOM 2002.

[19] F. Salem, R. Pyndiah, and A. Bouallegue, “New multiple access frame differential DS-UWB system,” Broadband Networks International, vol. 2, pp. 1163- 1167, Oct. 2005.

[20] S. Bhattacharya, R. Senguttuvan, and A. Chatterjee, “Production test enhancement techniques for MB-OFDM ultra-wide band (UWB) devices: EVM and CCDF,” IEEE International test Conference, pp. 10, Nov. 2005.

[21] A. Vahlin and N. Holte , “Use of a guard interval in OFDM on multipath channels,” Electronics Letters, vol. 30, pp. 2015-2016, Nov. 1994.
[22] 楊家能," 2.5Gb/s 光收發模組之研發," 國立中山大學光電工程研究所碩士論文, ch2, pp. 11-17, June, 2004
[23] 邱子鈴, “射頻調制的二極體雷射特性研究, ” 國立清華大學電機工程研究所碩士論文, pp. 21-22, 2002

[24] W. P. Lin, Y. C. Chen, “Design of a new optical impulse radio system for ultra-wideband wireless communications,” IEEE Journal of selected topics in quantum electrnics, vol. 12, no. 4, July/August 2006.

[25] W. Stutzman, G. Thiele, “Antenna theory and design” New York, John Wiley and Sons, pp. 608, 1981.

[26] G. Stuber , “Principles of Mobile Commumication,2nd ed.” ,Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 2000.

[27] J. G. Proakis, “ Digital Commumications, 4th ed.” McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.

[28] A. Saleh, R. Valenzuela, “A Statistical Model for Indoor Multipath Propagation.” IEEE Journal on Areas in Communications, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 128-137, 1987.

[29] J. Foerster et al, “channel modeling sub-committee report final,” IEEE 802.15.02/490, Nov. 2003