臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著時代進步，人類對於化妝品之需求日益增加。由於化妝品內常含有人工合成添加劑或化學成分，其安全性有潛在疑慮，所以天然化妝品的研發已成一個重要發展方向。
睡蓮是多年生水生草本植物，其花色品種多樣，在陽光充足的台灣南部十分常見。本論文則探討睡蓮不同花色與部位的萃取並進行DPPH自由基清除、TEAC總抗氧化能力、酪胺酸酶活性抑制、總多酚量、總多醣量及總類黃酮量，以了解最佳條件，作為未來化妝品上的應用。
本研究開發可同時偵測睡蓮三種指標成分槲皮素、山柰酚與異鼠李素的高效液相層析法(HPLC)，並經過線性、回收率、精密度和準確度等項目測試，其線性R2>0.99有良好線性；三種指標成分在不同濃度，其日內精密度與日間精密度的相對標準偏差分別低於1.43%與0.43%。準確度回收率在99.17%到100.36%之間。以上結果顯示，經確效驗證的HPLC分析方法可成功應用於睡蓮的三種指標成分含量分析。由實驗結果顯示萃取液中三種指標成分含量高於純露溶液，且以紫色睡蓮花含量最高。睡蓮在抗氧化能力及酪胺酸酶活性抑制所呈現出以下結果：第一，DPPH自由基清除率以紫色花萃取液5倍濃縮效果最好；第二，TEAC總抗氧化能力以白色花萃取液5倍濃縮效果最好；第三，酪胺酸酶活性抑制以紫色花萃取液5倍濃縮效果最好；第四，總多酚量以白色花萃取液5倍濃縮最高；第五，總多醣量以淺粉紅花萃取液5倍濃縮最高；第六，總類黃酮量以白色花萃取液5倍濃縮最高。此研究結果可作為睡蓮不同花色與部位在化妝品相關研究之應用。

As time progresses, people have an increasing demand for cosmetics. It is a potential concern that cosmetics often contain synthetic additives or chemical composition. Developing natural cosmetics has become an important issue.
Pygmy water lilies are a kind of perennial aquatic herb with various colors and of diversity. They can be frequently noticed in southern Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to extract pygmy water lilies of different colors and parts to find out the best situations for the application of cosmetics by the DPPH radical-scavenging, TEAC, anti-tyrosinase effects, the determination of total polyphenol, total polysaccharides, and total flavonoid content.
In the present study, we used HPLC method for simultaneous determination of three marker components (i.e., Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin) in pygmy water lily. They were evaluated by linearity, recovery, accuracy, and precision test. Calibration curves of standard components showed excellent linearity with R2>0.99. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of data of the intra-day and inter-day experiments were less than 1.43% and 0.43% respectively. The results of recovery test were ranging from 99.17% to 100.36%. The correlation coefficients of the linear regression analysis were higher than satisfactory validation, including system suitability, precision, reproducibility and recovery. The method was applied to simultaneously determinate of the three marker components in the extraction of Pygmy water lilies, and was found to be simple, rapid and efficient. HPLC experiments showed that the three marker components in extraction are better than floral water, and the purple ones demonstrated the best effect among them. The antioxidant capacity and inhibition of tyrosinase activity of pygmy water lilies are as follows. First, the 5-fold of purple flower extract was best in DPPH. Second, the 5-fold of white flower extract was best in TEAC. Third, the 5-fold of purple flower extract was best in inhibition tyrosinase. Fourth, the 5-fold of white flower extract was most of total polyphenol. Fifth, the 5-fold of pink flower extract was most of total polysaccharides. Sixth, the 5-fold of white flower extract was most of total flavonoid content. This study can shed light on the research of natural cosmetics from pygmy water lilies.

誌謝 I
中文摘要 II
Abstract III
圖目錄 X
第壹章 前言 1
第貳章 文獻回顧 2
第一節 化妝品 2
第二節 睡蓮 5
（一）睡蓮簡介 5
（二）睡蓮成分 6
第參章 研究目的 9
第肆章 材料與方法 10
第一節 材料 10
（一） 試藥 10
（二） 器材 10
（三） 儀器 11
第二節 指標成分分析 11
(一) Palmatine Chloride內部標準溶液之配製 11
(二) Quercellin dihydrate＋Kaempferol＋Isorhamnetin標準溶液之配製 11
(三) 檢品萃取方法 11
(四) 高效能液相層析儀/DAD檢測器（HPLC/photo－diode array detection） 12
第三節 抗氧化試驗 15
(一) 清除自由基效力測定 15
(二) TEAC總抗氧化能力測試 16
第四節 睡蓮萃取物之酪胺酸酶抑制活性評估 17
(一) 分析方法 17
(二)公式代號 17
第五節 睡蓮萃取產物之總多酚量 18
(一) 檢量線的製備 18
(二) 檢品操作方法 18
第六節 睡蓮萃取產物之總多醣量 19
(一) 檢量線的製備 19
(二) 分析方法 19
第七節睡蓮萃取產物之總類黃酮量 19
(一) 檢量線的製備 19
(二) 分析方法 20
第伍章、 結果 21
第一節 睡蓮之指標成分分析 21
(一) 專一性與標準品滯留時間 21
(二) 系統分析適用性 21
(三) 檢量線 22
(四) 精密度(Precision) 22
(五) 準確度(Accuracy) 23
(六) 檢測限度及定量限度 23
第二節 各種部位及花色的睡蓮之有效成分分析 23
第三節 DPPH清除自由基效力測定 24
第四節 TEAC總抗氧化能力測試 24
第五節 睡蓮萃取產物評估美白活性 25
(一) 標準品對酪胺酸酶抑制測定 25
(二) 睡蓮萃取產物對酪胺酸酶抑制測定 25
第六節 睡蓮萃取產物之總多酚量 26
第七節 睡蓮萃取產物之總多醣量 26
第八節 睡蓮萃取產物之總類黃酮量 26
第陸章 結果與討論 27
第柒章 參考文獻 29

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