臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

昔日大部分建築採用主動式和被動式混合設計，但近來建築物越來越注重本身自己就是有效率地節能減碳，因此自然通風、太陽能加溫與致冷、負荷能源低消耗、自然光線及避陽遮蔭…等自然被動式不需要消耗太多能量的設置，將是綠色建築的不二選擇，本研究首先針對商用辦公室採用將鑲嵌薄膜太陽能板通風玻璃(PV Ventilated Glazing)窗戶，收集熱氣驅動氣流提供到辦公室，當冬天時候提高空間溫度，相反地當夏天時，商用辦公室再利用控制機構調整到適當溫度，而另外其反射出來的光線經弧型反光板通道(LIDC)，送到遠處較暗的商用辦公室，與半晶瑩剔透窗戶鑲嵌玻璃的搭配提供商場所需的明亮照明，太陽能電池所發的電可以支援空調，達到省電省能源的功效，本研究成果將可替商用辦公室整合出一棟完全被動式混成系統綠建築。
考慮新技術與建築結合的綠色設計新觀念，再以台灣新竹市氣候數據作為探討對象，來數值分析氣、熱與光照明的需求與影響，這對於商用辦公室而言非常重要，整個分析時程將含蓋日、月及年的資料計算，再發展出被動式混成系統建築的完整物理數學模型，搭配Flunt軟體協助而得到分析解及數值解，可以精確的計算能源使用效率及熱效率。
本研究的工作是以新竹市的氣象資料當樣本，設定系統與次系統參數到本樣品屋，進行可行性評估、加溫與致冷能力分析、空調性能、次系統操作條件改變時如空氣流量改變，環境溫度與室內溫度的變化及隨氣候分級環境溫度變化時，年度可節省多少度電能量…等，希望本研究成果能協助人們對各式各樣商用辦公室節能省能技術作選擇，並促成人們有健康、舒適地活動環境的美夢能成真。

Now applying the thin film photovoltaic technology for office room integration, and a two stage parabolic trough concentrating photovoltaic/thermal (TTCSPV/T) system using spectral beam splitting system, collect hot air driving air flow, mixing the air flow of the PV ventilated glazing to the room. To provide heating air increasing room temperature during the winter season. On the contrary, in the summer season TTCSPV/T integrates thermo-electric cooling (TEC) to collect cold air driving air flow, mixing the air flow of the PV ventilated glazing to the room. To provide cooling air decreasing room temperature. Adjust the moderate control of air flow and temperatures of ambient and room for the hybrid system. Not just only the HVAC performance, the TTCSPV/T provide a hot/cool water system as well, and one of tips is to reflect daylight going along with LIDC system to diffuse daylight into long horizontal funnels for illuminating the office room. And the PV ventilated glazing window illuminate room too. All these energy saving actions will low the consumption of electricity. The integration of ‘‘whole building approach” and theoretical performance assessment of this room is analyzed by using energy and exergy analysis methods based on Hsinchu’s weather. Mathematic model will be resolved by the helps of and CFD software. Energy needs of air-conditioning、electricity and thermal will be predicted.

摘要......................................................i
ABSTRACT..................................................ii
致謝......................................................iii
目錄......................................................iv
表目錄....................................................vi
圖目錄....................................................vi
簡寫說明..................................................ix
第一章 緒論.................................1
1.1 前言...............................1
1.2文獻回顧............................3
1.3研究動機............................5
第二章 物理問題.............................7
2.1 物理模型...........................7
2.2 基本假設...........................7
第三章 數值方法.............................8
3.1模擬方法............................8
3.2 數值模擬軟體簡介...................8
3.3 TracePro設定......................11
3.4 WINDOWS設定.......................11
3.5 WINDOWS初始條件與邊界條件.........12
3.6 GAMBIT模型建立....................12
3.7 FLUENT6.2求解設定.................13
3.8 材料性質..........................13
3.9 FLUENT6.2初始條件與邊界條件.......14
第四章 結果.................................15
4.1 弧形反光板通道(LIDC)在不同角度下的照度分析與亮度模擬.........15
4.2 四個玻璃和日光控制系統的節電性能之年分析.....................18
4.3建築物鋪設穩態形狀相變材料(SSPCM)+弧型反光板通道(LIDC)之溫度場
變化..........................................................20
第五章 結論及未來展望.......................24
5.1 結論...............................24
5.2 未來展望...........................25
參考文獻.....................................26

表目錄........................................28
表3-1 模型材料性質參數......................28
表3-2 新竹地區氣候參數......................28
表4-1 光通道在不同角度下之各種結果比較......28

圖目錄........................................29
圖1-1 Anidolic採光系統......................29
圖1-2 鑲嵌薄膜太陽能板通風玻璃(PV Ventilated Glazing)窗戶示意圖.........29
圖1-3 穩態形狀相變材料(SSPCM)...............30
圖1-4 拋物面槽式集熱器(PTC).................30
圖1-5 線性菲涅爾收集器......................30
圖1-6 聚光太陽能發電........................31
圖1-7 模擬的辦公空間........................31
圖2-1 商用辦公室整合一弧形反光板通道(LIDC)與鑲嵌薄膜太陽能板通風玻璃
(PV Ventilated Glazing)窗戶示意圖.....32
圖3-1 光通道中段.............................32
圖3-2 光通道出入口45度.......................33
圖3-3 光通道出入口37.5度.....................33
圖3-4 光通道出入口30度。....................33
圖3-5 建築物上加光通道CAD剖面圖.............34
圖3-6 建築物上加光通道的Ecotect Analysis示意圖..................34
圖3-7 俯視建築物上加光通道的Ecotect Analysis示意圖..............35
圖3-8 仰視建築物上加光通道的Ecotect Analysis示意圖..............35
圖3-9 香港平均年氣溫........................36
圖3-10 新竹平均年氣溫.......................36
圖3-11 gambit辦公空間模型...................37
圖3-12 gambit辦公空間模型網格分佈...........37
圖3-13 FLUENT6.2求解流程圖..................38
圖4-1 光通道出入口45度光線路徑圖.............39
圖4-2 光通道出入口37.5度光線路徑圖...........39
圖4-3 光通道出入口30度光線路徑圖.............39
圖4-4 光通道出入口45度照度分析圖.............40
圖4-5 光通道出入口37.5度照度分析圖...........40
圖4-6 光通道出入口30度照度分析圖.............41
圖4-7 光在45度光通道房子光路徑...............41
圖4-8 光在37.5度光通道房子光路徑.............42
圖4-9 光在30度光通道房子光路徑...............42
圖4-10 光在45度光通道房子內部亮度模擬........43
圖4-11 光在37.5度光通道房子內部亮度模擬......43
圖4-12 光在30度光通道房子內部亮度模擬........43
圖4-13 每年用於照明的電力消耗................44
圖4-14 香港供熱用電..........................44
圖4-15 新竹供熱用電..........................45
圖4-16 四個玻璃和日光控制系統冷卻負荷........45
圖4-17 四個玻璃和日光控制系統整合負荷........46
圖4-18 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)夏天，1分鐘.............46
圖4-19 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)夏天，5分鐘.............47
圖4-20 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)夏天，10分鐘............47
圖4-21 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)夏天，20分鐘............48
圖4-22 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)夏天，30分鐘............48
圖4-23 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)夏天，60分鐘............49
圖4-24 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)冬天，1分鐘.............49
圖4-25 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)冬天，5分鐘.............50
圖4-26 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)冬天，10分鐘............50
圖4-27 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)冬天，20分鐘............51
圖4-28 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)冬天，30分鐘............51
圖4-29 (SSPCM)+(LIDC)冬天，60分鐘............52

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