跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(216.73.216.110) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/09/27 14:19
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:陳韻婷
研究生(外文):Yun-Ting Chen
論文名稱:數位平台失靈時代,誰該為新聞付費? 以德國及西班牙的新聞出版鄰接權為例
論文名稱(外文):In the Market Failure of Platform Era, Who Should Pay for News? In the Case of an Ancillary Copyright for Press Publishers in Germany and Spain
指導教授:林麗雲林麗雲引用關係
指導教授(外文):Lih-Yun Lin
口試委員:馮建三胡元輝
口試日期:2018-07-20
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:新聞研究所
學門:傳播學門
學類:新聞學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2018
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:69
中文關鍵詞:新聞出版鄰接權數位平台新聞業
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:2
  • 點閱點閱:614
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
數位化後數位平台網路使用者逐漸透過數位平台獲取新聞內容,數位平台也成為新聞媒體曝光的主要管道之一。然而數位平台在網路上的獨大,也使得過去新聞媒體依靠廣告收入賺取收益的經營模式面臨挑戰。歐洲出版商不滿於數位平台利用新聞媒體內容吸引使用者並賺取數位廣告,卻未對新聞內容付費,因此主張數位平台包括谷歌等網路聚合平台服務商應為數位新聞內容付費。德國及西班牙政府在出版商的要求下,分別在2013年及2014年頒布新的著作權法案,並賦予新聞出版商新聞鄰接權。在第二章本文爬梳新聞媒體的特性以及數位平台興起後對新聞業造成的衝擊,並爬梳過去對於使用智慧財產權保護新聞內容的相關論述。透過文獻分析法,在第四章中呈現德西兩國新聞出版鄰接政策立法脈絡、法規內容以及相關利害關係人,包括新聞出版商及數位平台業者對於此項權利的論述,並從傳播政策的角度檢視此項立法。第五章研究結果發現,雖然新聞出版鄰接權得以抑制小型數位平台盜用新聞內容的現象,但卻無法成功規範大型數位平台。由於立法上德國採取彈性付費模式,因此造成出版商迫於流量而仍與谷歌簽訂免費授權協定,無法使谷歌平台為新聞付費。而西班牙則採取強制付費授權模式,原本政府希望透過強制方式要求谷歌與出版商簽訂付費協定,但最後谷歌新聞卻選擇直接退出西班牙市場,造成當地新聞出版商面臨流量下滑的狀況。在研究討論中本文認為由於數位平台對網路的影響力太大,因此藉由「使用者付費」方式的新聞出版鄰接權並無法讓大型數位平台付費新聞內容。本文認為,各國政府應有必要發展出屬於本國的公共數位平台,以降低大型數位平台對於新聞業的控制。
After the digitalization, the internet users gradually choose to go on digital platforms to read news, and platforms have become the main places for news websites to receive the view numbers. Many European news publishers do not satisfy with the phenomenon that digital platforms use their news contents and get most of the digital advertising without paying anything to them, because of that, the European publishers propose that digital platforms should pay for news contents. Germany and Spain enacted the new copyright for news publishers in 2013 and 2014. In chapter 2, the paper analyzes the character of news media, the effect of digital platforms and the discussion of using copyright to protect news products. By using the document analysis method, the paper analyzes the background of the legislation, the regulation of the new copyright and how the stakeholders view this new copyright for news publishers. The paper found out that even though the new right can regulate small digital platforms; it cannot make large digital platforms such as Google news pay for news products. The paper suggests that the local government should develop a public digital platform for news publishers to reduce the international digital platform’s impact on news publishers.
論文口試委員審定書 II
謝辭 III
中文摘要 IV
英文摘要 V
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 問題意識 1
第二節 研究意義 12
第二章 文獻回顧 13
第一節 新聞媒體特性與政府介入新聞產業方式 13
第二節 數位平台對新聞媒體影響 20
第四節 小結 27
第三章 架構與方法 29
第四章 德國與西班牙新聞出版鄰接權政策分析 34
第一節 德國新聞出版鄰接權:彈性付費授權新聞模式 34
第二節 西班牙新聞出版鄰接權:強制付費授權新聞模式 44
第三節 小結 50
第五章 結論 53
第一節 結果 53
第二節 討論 54
第三節 研究限制與未來建議 59
參考書目 60
附錄 68
德國新聞出版鄰接權法條 68
西班牙新聞出版鄰接權法條 69
參考書目
中文部分
沈國麟 (2012)。〈去模式化:全球媒介制度比〉,《新聞學研究》,112期:271-276。
林子儀 (1993)。《言論自由與新聞自由》。 臺北:月旦。
馮建三(譯)(2008)。《媒體、市場與民主》(Media, markets and democracy )(原作者:Baker, C.)。上海:世紀出版集團。
馮建三(2015)。〈公共政策與(新)媒介財政〉,《傳播文化與政治》。一期:101-141。
葉至誠&葉立誠 (2000)。《研究方法與論文寫作》。 臺北:商鼎文化。
顏晶晶 (2015)。〈德國《著作權法》第八修正案評介—報刊出版者權:互聯網時代的立法倒退?〉,《科技與法律》,二期:340-371。
英文部分
Ancilary Copyright in Germany: from opt-out to pot-in on Google News. (2013, July 01). DISCO. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/YjDQog
And now, news. (2006, January 23). Google Official Blog. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/JtwdgV
Bakker, P. (2012). Aggregation, content farms and Huffinization: The rise of low-pay and no-pay journalism. Journalism Practice, 6(5-6), 627-637.
Bell, E. J., Owen, T., Brown, P. D., Hauka, C., & Rashidian, N. (2017). The platform press: How Silicon Valley reengineered journalism. Retrieved from: Columbia University, Tow Center for Digital Journalism. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/FdTJkz
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative research journal, 9(2), 27-40.
Bundeskartellamt. (2016). Decision according to Section 32c German Competition Act (Gesetz gegen Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen, GWB) in the dispute Google versus various press publishers and VG Media about the use of the ancillary copyright of press publishers. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2K1fUq2
Calzada, J., & Gil, R. (2017). What do news aggregators do? Evidence from Google News in Spain and Germany. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/csftQV
Carlson, M. (2007). Order versus access: News search engines and the challenge to traditional journalistic roles. Media, Culture & Society, 29(6), 1014-1030.
CCIA. (2014). Spanish IP proposal targets U.S. internet firms. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/MUYtjA
CCIA. (2015). Understanding “Ancillary Copyright”in the global intellectual property environment. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/RUKMsu
Chiou, L., & Tucker, C. (2011). Copyright, digitization, and aggregation (NET Institute Working Paper, 11-18). MIT Sloan School of Management, Initiative on the Digital Economy.
Chowdhury, S., & Landoni, M. (2006). News aggregator services: user expectations and experience. Online Information Review, 30(2), 100-115.
Chyi, H. I., Lewis, S. C., & Zheng, N. (2016). Parasite or partner? Coverage of Google News in an era of news aggregation. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 93(4), 789-815.
EDiMA. (2015). The impact of ancillary rights in news products. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/VGd8op
EU. (2016). The online advertising market in the EU. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/JdMwk1
European commissioner Oettinger calls for Europe-wide copyright law as basis for fair competition in Europe Ancillary Copyrights guarantee plurality of opinions and media diversity in Europe. (2015, June 18). VG Media. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/FzXNmk
European Parliament. (2017). Strengthening the position of press publishers and authors and performers in the copyright directive. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/HEgHB7
Furgal, U. (2018). Ancillary right for press publishers: an alternative answer to the linking conundrum?. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, 13(9), 700-710.
Galbraith, J. (2008). A Squatter on the Fourth Estate: Google News. Journal of Library Administration, 46(3-4), 191-206.
German bill may force Google to pay for news snippets. (2012, March 06). Deutsche Welle. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/yb3wxB
German lawmakers condemn Google campaign against copyright law. (2012, November 29). Reuters. Retrieved from: https://reut.rs/2K3VPiS
German publishers vs. Google. (2014, October 30). Deutsche Welle. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/zuzU1J
Germany''s top publisher bows to Google in news licensing row. (2014, November 5). Reuters. Retrieved from: https://reut.rs/2JwiDXH
Gillespie, T. (2010). The politics of ‘platforms’. New media & society, 12(3), 347-364.
Google fights proposed German law on news links. (2012, November 29). Deutsche Welle. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/oVpz9E
Google launches ‘defend your Net’ campaign. (2012, November 28). Business Report. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/8ToAoD
Google News Spain to close in response to story links ''tax''. (2014, December 11). The Guadian. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/y6ncqD
Google reveals £36m in UK taxes. (2017, March 31). The Telegraph. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/R9vaeZ
Google to pay $334 million to settle Italian tax dispute. (2017, May 04). Reuters. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/qVRC9u
Hallin, D. C., & Mancini, P. (2004). Comparing media systems: Three models of media and politics. Cambridge university press.
Holderness, M., Danbury, R., Minero, G., & Rubí i Puig, A. (2016). Copyright and news reporting: towards new business models and legal regulations?. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Comunicació. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/JPrVMy
Holte, R. (2008). Restricting fair use to save the news: A proposed change in copyright law to bring more profit to news reporting. Journal of Technology Law & Policy, 13(1).
How Google and Facebook have taken over the digital Ad industry. (2017, January 04). Fortune. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/bxvziY
Interactive Advertising Bureau. (2016). IAB internet advertising revenue report: 2016 first six months results. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/xVz8MJ
Interactive Advertising Bureau Europe. (2016). Adex benchmark 2016. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/mVvzYP
Isbell, K. A. (2010). The rise of the news aggregator: Legal implications and best practices. Harvard University, Berkman Center Research. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/nEZcDx
Jehoram, H. C. (1990). The nature of neighboring rights of performing artists, phonogram producers and broadcasting organizations. Colum.-VLA JL & Arts, 15, 75.
Katzenbach, C. (2012). Technologies as institutions: Rethinking the role of technology in media governance constellations. Trends in Communication Policy Research: New Theories, Methods and Subjects, Intellect.
Lee, A. M., & Chyi, H. I. (2015). The rise of online news aggregators: Consumption and competition. International Journal on Media Management, 17(1), 3-24.
Mjøs, O. J., Syvertsen, T., Moe, H., & Enli, G. S. (2014). The media welfare state: Nordic media in the digital era. University of Michigan Press.
Murdoch wants a Google rebellion. (2009, April 03). Forbes. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/mWw5mA
Napoli, P. M. (2014). Automated media: An institutional theory perspective on algorithmic media production and consumption. Communication Theory, 24(3), 340-360.
Nechushtai, E. (2017). Could digital platforms capture the media through infrastructure?. Journalism. 1-16.
NERA. (2015). Impact of the New Article 32.2 of the Spanish Intellectual Property Act. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/ypXKbh
No deal for Google tax, French finance minister warns after Paris raids. (2016, May, 29). The Telegraph. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/Vhcrbg
Peters, B. (2010). The future of journalism and challenges for media development: Are we exporting a model that no longer works at home?. Journalism Practice, 4(3), 268-273.
Q3 2016 internet Ad revenues hit $17.6 billion, climbing 20% year-over-year, according to IAB. (2016, December 28). Interactive Advertising Bureau. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/K8b9Km
Ramalho, A. (2016). The competence of the European Union in Copyright lawmaking. Springer.
Reuters Institute. (2016). Reuters institute digital news reports 2016. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/yUZspn
Rosati, E. (2013). The German ‘Google Tax’law: groovy or greedy?. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, 7 (8), 497.
Same protocol, more options for news publishers. (2009, December 02). Google Official Blog. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/CDCo1h
Schweizer, C., Puppis, M., Künzler, M., & Studer, S. (2014). Public funding of private media. Retrieved from: The London School of Economics and Political Science, Media Policy Project.
Spain approves hotly disputed ''Google tax''. (2014, October 30). The Local. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/eMauBB
Spain passes much-debated intellectual property law. (2014, October 30). The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/zWwTbV
Spreading the news in new languages. (2015, August 18). Google Official Blog. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/fFiWMH
Srnicek, N. (2017). Platform capitalism. John Wiley & Sons.
State of the Union 2016: commission proposes modern EU Copyright rules for European culture to flourish and circulate. (2016, September 14). European Commission. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/m7XvHh
Talke, A. (2017). The" Ancillary Right" for press publishers: the present German and Spanish legislation and the EU proposal. IFLA WLIC 2017. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/zejReN
The fight to get Google to pay for news continues in Europe. (2014, December 2). Nieman Lab. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/XHG4YH
The story of Spain’s Google tax. (2014, July 27). The Medium. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/9ToJyz
Van Cuilenburg, J., & McQuail, D. (2003). Media policy paradigm shifts: Towards a new communications policy paradigm. European journal of communication, 18(2), 181-207.
Van Kranenburg, H. (Ed.). (2017). Innovation Policies in the European News Media Industry: A Comparative Study. Springer.
Vesterdorf, B. (2015). The effect of failure to notify the Spanish and German Ancillary Copyright laws. European Intellectual Property Review.
VG Media. (2016). The Ancillary Copyright for press publishers in Germany. Retrieved from: https://goo.gl/ohL4XZ
Watanabe, K. (2013). The western perspective in Yahoo! News and Google News: Quantitative analysis of geographic coverage of online news. International communication gazette, 75(2), 141-156.
Xalabarder, R. (2014). The remunerated statutory limitation for news aggregation and search engines proposed by the Spanish government-its compliance with international and EU law. IN3 Working Paper Series.
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top