臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要探討植牙鑽孔過程時，深度鑽及擴孔鑽之不同鑽孔參數，對於齒槽骨溫度之影響。本文所探討之鑽孔參數包括鑽頭進刀速率及鑽頭轉速。經由實驗與數值模擬之鑽孔過程，分析骨頭溫度分佈之情形。本文提出三維動態彈塑性有限元素模型，來探討鑽孔參數對骨頭溫升之影響。此外，利用人工代骨與豬隻下顎骨之鑽孔實驗，來驗證有限元素模型之準確性。分析結果顯示，本研究所提之三維動態有限元素模型，可有效模擬出鑽孔過程中，骨頭溫升之情形。於深度鑽或擴孔鑽之鑽孔過程中，骨頭最高溫度發生之深度，皆為海綿骨靠近皮質骨之位置。而鑽頭之進刀速率是影響骨頭最高溫度所發生時間之最重要因素。結果也指出，骨頭之溫升會隨著鑽頭進刀速率之增加以及轉速之降低而減少。此外，增加鑽頭進刀速率或降低轉速皆能有效減少骨頭骨疽之範圍。而此分析結果，能提供醫師於植牙手術時，選擇鑽孔參數之參考。

In this thesis, the effects of implant pilot drill and twist drill drilling parameters on the temperature rise of alveolar bone are investigated. The parameters discussed are the feeding rate and drilling speed of the drill bit. The bone temperature distributions during bone drilling are analyzed both experimentally and numerically. A three-dimensional elastic-plastic dynamic finite element model is proposed to explore the effect of the parameters on the bone temperature rise. The biomechanical test blocks and pig alveolar bone are experimentally tested to validate the proposed finite element model. The results indicate that the proposed elastic-plastic dynamic finite element model can provide a good prediction on the bone temperature rise while drilling through the bone. The results also indicate that in the pilot and twist drilling process, the depth where the maximum bone temperature happens is located at the cancellous bone region near the cortical bone. The feeding rate of drill bit is the most important factor affected the drilling time that maximum bone temperature occurs. The results also indicate that the bone temperature decreases with an increasing feeding rate of the drill bit and increases with an increasing drilling speed of the drill bit. In addition, the necrosis area of bone can be reduced effectively by increasing feeding rate or decreasing the drilling speed of the drill bit. The research results can provide a basis for the selection of operation parameters in performing drilling process.

目 錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
謝誌 IV
目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第1章 緒論 1
　　1.1前言 1
　　1.2文獻回顧 2
　　1.3組織與章節 3
第2章 問題背景與研究方法 6
　　2.1齒槽骨溫升變化之影響 6
　　2.2鑽孔過程產生溫升之行為 8
　　2.3植牙手術流程 11
第3章 鑽孔過程溫升之實驗量測 13
　　3.1實驗設備 13
　　3.2實驗步驟 21
　　3.3實驗結果 24
　　　　3.3.1豬隻下顎骨實驗結果 24
　　　　3.3.2 深度鑽人工代骨實驗結果 27
　　　　3.3.3 擴孔鑽人工代骨實驗結果 31
第4章 牙鑽鑽孔之有限元素分析 39
　　4.1有限元素模型 39
　　4.2材料性質與邊界條件 43
　　4.3鑽孔參數 47
　　4.4有限元素模型驗證 48
　　　　4.4.1深度鑽之有限元素模型驗證 48
　　　　4.4.2擴孔鑽之有限元素模型驗證 55
第5章 結果與討論 60
　　5.1豬隻下顎骨與人工代骨之關聯性 60
　　5.2骨頭溫升現象之探討 62
　　5.3不同深度及徑向距離之骨頭溫度變化 71
　　5.4鑽孔參數對骨疽範圍之影響 78
　　　　5.4.1深度鑽鑽孔參數對骨疽範圍之影響 78
　　　　5.4.2擴孔鑽鑽孔參數對骨疽範圍之影響 84
　　5.5鑽孔參數對骨頭最高溫度之影響 90
　　　　5.5.1進刀速率對骨頭最高溫度之影響 90
　　　　5.5.2鑽頭轉速對骨頭最高溫度之影響 94
第6章 結論 97
參考文獻 99
作者簡介 103

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