臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文主旨在研究以低成本的PIC18F4331 微控制器來驅動三相直流無刷馬達。首先，架構出直流無刷馬達的機械裝置及操作，接下來發展三相直流無刷馬達的驅動器，最後運用霍爾感測元件來量測馬達的轉速。
直流無刷馬達之運作可利用霍爾感測元件輸出之切換順序來達成。此外，當馬達運轉時，也可利用霍爾感測元件估計馬達之轉速，並可從實驗數據中得到輸入電流、相電流以及反電動式之資訊。
本文之目的在於探討直流無刷馬達之機械操作原理，說明三相直流無刷馬達驅動器的研發以及介紹如何量測馬達之轉速。

This thesis summarizes the study on Brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) and the work of developing three-phase BLDCM driver with a low cost PIC18F4331 microcontroller.
First, the mechanism and operation of BLDCM is presented. Second, the driver for threephase
BLDCM is developed. Finally, the approach to measure speed motor based on its hall sensor is introduced.
BLDCM operation can be achieved by controlling its commutation sequence from hall sensors output. Furthermore, when the motor is rotating, the speed of motor can be estimated by using one of hall sensor output. The input current, phase current and back EMF profiles are given based on experimental results.
This research is intended to study and investigate the mechanism of BLDCM operation principle, to demonstrate the development of three-phase BLDCM driver and to introduce the measurement of estimated motor speed.

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2.1.1 Construction………………………………………………………………. 4
2.1.2 Operation Principle……………………………………………………….. 6
2.1.3 Back EMF and Speed/Torque Characteristic……………………………... 9
2.2 Brushless DC Motor Driver…………………………………………………... 11
2.3 PIC18F4331 Microcontroller…………………………………………………. 13
2.4 Estimating Motor Speed Based on Rotor Position Sensor……………………. 16
Chapter 3 Implementation and Experimental Setup………………………………... 18
3.1 BLDCM Driver Implementation……………………………………………… 18
3.1.1 Inverter……………………………………………………………………. 18
3.1.2 Gate Driver Circuit……………………………………………………….. 20
3.1.3 Charging Pump Circuit…………………………………………………… 22
3.1.4 Controller…………………………………………………………………. 22
3.1.5 Programming PIC18F4331 Microcontroller……………………………… 25
3.1.6 Control Commutation…………………………………………………….. 27
3.1.7 Estimated Motor Speed Calculation……………………………………… 29
3.2 Experimental Setup…………………………………………………………… 30
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Chapter 4 Experimental Results and Discussion…………………………………… 31
4.1 Back EMF Voltage……………………………………………………………. 31
4.2 Transient Current……………………………………………………………... 32
4.3 Steady State Current…………………………………………………………... 33
4.4 Estimated Motor Speed……………………………………………………….. 34
Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Works…………………………………………… 37
References…………………………………………………………………………... 39
Appendix A BLDC Motor Specification…………………………………………… 40
Appendix B C Code Program………………………………………………………. 41

[1] Chris French and Paul Acarnley, “Control of Permanent Magnet Motor Drives Using a New Position Estimation Technique”, IEEE Trans. On Industry applications, VOL. 32, No.5, 1996.
[2] Nobuyuki Matsui, Masakane Shigyo, “Brushless DC Motor Control without Position and Speed Sensors”, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan, 1990.
[3] Padmaraja Yedamale, “Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Fundamentals”, Application Note 885, Microchip Technology Inc., 2003.
[4] Stephen J. Chapman, “Electric Machinery Fundamentals”, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1998.
[5] Warn Brown, “Brushless DC Motor Control Made Easy”, Application Note 857,Microchip Technology Inc., 2002.
[6] Yen-Shin Lai, Fu-Shan Shyu,