臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文提出了一種植基於離散小波轉換的彩色影像數位浮水印技術。近年來，浮水印技術多著重於灰階影像的研究發展。因應目前多媒體時代的來臨，我們有必要發展彩色影像的數位浮水印技術。由於彩色影像包含了R、G、B三種色彩的資訊，且R、G、B三色色頻之間有其關聯性，故不直接地把數位浮水印嵌入R、G或是B單一色彩空間裡。
本篇論文主要方法為利用YCbCr色彩模型將彩色影像由R、G、B色彩空間轉換至Y、Cb、Cr色彩空間。其後的數位浮水印技術就可以套用灰階影像數位浮水印技術。先將亮度與彩度維度影像DWT轉換至頻率域。再將原始大小之二元浮水印做次取樣並依序藏入亮度與彩度之高頻、中頻、低頻等頻帶係數之LSB位元。取出浮水印時，先將待測試影像轉換至YCbCr色彩空間下，再由亮度、彩度不同頻帶之LSB位元依據統計特性組成不同大小之浮水印，最後將不同頻帶之浮水印組合還原成原始大小之二元浮水印影像。實驗結果顯示此浮水印技術可抵抗許多攻擊，且在取出浮水印時不需原始影像，是一個兼具強韌性與方便性之浮水印技術。

A robust DWT-based watermarking for color image scheme is proposed in this thesis. Most watermarking researches emphasized on gray image in recent years. To welcome the era of multimedia, we must develop the digital watermarking technique for color image. Because color image includes the information of three R G B color channels, and correlation exists among RGB color channels, the watermark should not be directly embedded into any RGB channel.
The RGB color spaces are first converted into YCbCr color spaces. Followed by this transformation, the watermarking technique for gray image can be exploited. At first, the images of luminance and chroma are converted into DWT frequency domain. We then sub-sample the binary watermark and embed watermark with different resolution into the corresponding LSBs of the different bands. In the process of watermark extracting, the different size of watermark is reconstructed by statistically counting the LSBs of each frequency band in YCbCr domains. Finally, the original size of watermark image is recovered by appropriate reconstruction. Experimental results show that the proposed method can resist many different attacks. It is a watermarking technique with robustness and blindness.

Chapter 1 Introduction…………………………………………………1
1.1 Motivation...………………………………………………………...1
1.2 Digital Watermarking Classification…………………………………2
1.3 Thesis Organization…...…….…………………….…………………7
Chapter 2 Background...………………………………………………..8
2.1 Watermarking Requirements…………………………………………………8
2.2 Structure of An Invisible Robust Watermarking System …………………11
2.3 Discrete Wavelet Transform………………………………………………..12
2.4 The Haar DWT…………………………………………………………..13
2.5 Performance Measurement………………………………………………...15
Chapter 3 The Proposed Approach..…………………………………17
3.1 Watermark Embedding Algorithm…………………………….……………18
3.2 Watermark Extracting Algorithm…………………………………………...27
Chapter 4 Simulation Results…………………………………………29
4.1 Cropping…………………………………………………………………….31
4.2 Noise…..…………………………………………………………………….33
4.3 JPEG Compression………………………………………………………..36
4.4 Other Attacks……….……………………………………………………….39
Chapter 5 Conclusion………………………………………………….41
References………………………………………………………………42

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