臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

低溫熱塑型足踝副木的疲勞破壞在臨床上常被觀察到，然而，目前尚無標準的足踝副木評估方式，來增進了解足踝副木是否準備好讓個案所使用。因此，本研究目的為發展一足踝模擬器供測試足踝副木，並利用此模擬器測試前置式足踝副木的疲勞破壞機制。足踝模擬器於矢狀面上的: 循環步行、循環踏步、穿戴足踝副木循環踏步三種測試條件的準確度與重複性已被評估。準確度部分，於比較一組目標步態數據，足踝模擬器在循環步行時的垂直地板反作用力與運動學表現，分別呈現小於80.52N與2.55°的方均根誤差(RMSE)。於循環踏步時，足踝模擬器足踝的蹠屈與背屈角度小於1.25°的方均根誤差。本研究以標準差(SD)評估足踝模擬器的重複性，於三種測試條件下標準差小於9.46N及0.72°。爾後本研究以循環踏步方式測試了五隻前置式足踝副木，其典型的破壞過程被觀察到同時被區分成四個時期。破壞始終初始於前置式足踝副木的蹠骨欄前側與外側欄(或內側欄)交界處，且後續的破壞均由此交界處延續開來。本研究建議前述之交界處必須被補強，或者避免在該交界處產生應力集中，使延長前置式足踝副木的使用壽命。

The fatigue failure of low-temperature thermoplastic ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) was commonly observed in clinics. However, there was no standard evaluation for the AFOs to enhance the understanding of how AFOs become more readily acceptable to patients. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an ankle-foot simulator (AFS) as a testing apparatus for AFOs, and performed a pilot test to investigate the failure mechanism of anterior ankle-foot orthosis (AAFO). The accuracy and repeatability of the AFS during cyclic walking, cyclic stepping and cyclic stepping with the AAFO in sagittal plane were measured. The root mean square errors (RMSE) of cyclic walking of AFS compared to a target gait data were less than 80.52N and 2.55° in the vertical ground reaction force and in the kinematics, respectively. The RMSE of ankle plantarflexion and dorsiflexion of AFS in the cyclic stepping tests were less than 1.25°. The repeatability was assessed by standard deviation, which were less than 9.46N and 0.72° in all testing conditions. A typical failure progression of five AAFOs was observed and graded for four phases under cyclic stepping test. Failure always initiated at the junction of anterior tarsal bar and lateral (or medial) bar of the AAFOs, from which the rest failures were extended. It is suggested that this junction must be reinforced or prevented the stress concentration to elongate the endurance of AAFO.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF FIGURES vi
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Ankle-foot orthoses failure 1
1.2 Is any solution for testing AFOs fatigue failure? 3
1.3 Motivation and purpose of the study 11
Chapter 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 12
2.1 Ankle-foot simulator design 12
2.1.1 Determining the specifications of AFS 12
2.1.2 Parts design and assembly 15
2.1.3 Circuit structure 22
2.1.4 Software design 27
2.1.5 Setting and concepts of motion control 36
2.2 Ankle-foot simulator self evaluation tests 44
2.2.1 Cyclic walking test 46
2.2.2 Cyclic stepping test 52
2.3 Pilot test on AAFO fatigue failure 56
2.3.1 Preparing AAFO samples 56
2.3.2 The settings of the pilot test 58
Chapter 3. RESULTS 59
3.1 Ankle-foot simulator design and self evaluation test 59
3.1.1 Cyclic walking test 60
3.1.2 Cyclic stepping test 63
3.2 Pilot test on AAFO fatigue failure 65
Chapter 4. DISCUSSIONS 72
Chapter 5. CONCLUSIONS 77
References 78
Appendix A. The drawings of the AFS 81
Appendix B. The LabVIEW program for the AFS 92

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