臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文採用脈衝寬度調變(PWM)及突衝模式(Burst mode)來實現高效率同步式降壓型穩壓器。此穩壓器重載時操作於脈衝寬度調變模式，而輕載時操作於突衝模式。輕載時，穩壓器的主要損耗為切換損失，故藉由降低切換頻率與加入零電流偵測電路，以提升轉換效率。
規格如下：輸入電壓為5 V，輸出電壓為3.3 V，PWM模式下切換頻率為1 MHz，而突衝模式下為700 kHz。200mA以下操作於突衝模式電路，而200 mA以上操作於PWM電路。藉由選擇此兩種不同的工作模式，轉換器在大範圍的負載下，均可達到最佳的轉換效率。在突衝模式下，當負載電流為70 mA最高效率可達88.17%，在PWM模式下，負載電流為400 mA最高效率為94.28%。

This thesis implements a high-efficiency synchronous buck converter with pulse width modulation (PWM) or Burst mode. The buck converter operates with PWM at heavy load and with Burst mode at light load. The dominant power loss of dc-dc converters at light load is switching loss. Therefore, the converter efficiency can be improved by reducing the switching frequency and adding zero current detector circuit.
The specifications of the buck converter are the input voltage of 5 V, output voltage of 3.3 V, and the converter switching frequency of 1 MHz at the PWM mode or 700 kHz at the Burst mode. The buck converter operates at the PWM Mode when the load current is higher than 200 mA, or the converter operates at the Burst mode. The presented converter with these two operation modes achieves optimal efficiency at a wide range of the load current. The maximum efficiency with the Burst mode is 88.4% at load current of 70 mA. At the PWM mode, the maximum efficiency is 94.8% at loading current of 400 mA.

摘　要I
Abstract II
誌　謝III
目　錄IV
第一章 緒論1
1.1 研究背景及簡介1
1.2 研究動機與目的3
1.3 論文組織架構5
第二章 直流-直流電壓轉換器概論6
2.1切換式降壓型穩壓器原理6
2.1.1 連續導通模式7
2.1.2 不連續導通模式9
2.1.3 邊界導通模式11
2.2 電壓模式脈衝寬度調變13
2.3 電流模式脈衝寬度調變15
2.4 脈衝頻率調變19
2.4.1 固定導通及非固定導通時間調變19
2.4.2 脈衝省略21
2.4.3 突衝模式22
2.5 脈衝寬度調變與脈衝頻率調變之比較24
第三章 電路控制方式及規格26
3.1 效率定義26
3.1.1 切換損耗27
3.1.2 寄生效應損耗27
3.1.3 靜態損耗27
3.2 線性穩壓調節率28
3.3 負載穩壓調節率28
3.4 暫態響應28
第四章 改善效率之雙模式切換電路設計31
4.1 研究電路及系統架構方塊圖31
4.2 電壓模式PWM電路操作分析32
4.3 Burst mode電路操作分析33
4.4 PWM及Burst mode操作機制偵測分析34
第五章 電路設計分析及架構39
5.1 系統架構分析39
5.2 功率級40
5.3 比較器40
5.4 脈波產生器42
5.5 鋸齒波產生器43
5.6 緩衝放大器44
5.7 轉導放大器46
5.8 電流感測電路48
5.9 零電流偵測器50
第六章 系統模擬及佈局52
6.1 電壓模式脈衝寬度調變模擬52
6.1.1 線性穩壓模式52
6.1.2 負載穩壓模式52
6.2 突衝模式電路模擬53
6.2.1 線性穩壓模式54
6.2.2 負載穩壓模式55
6.3 零電流偵測器56
6.4 實體電路佈局56
6.5 系統模擬效率59
第七章 結論與未來展望61
7.1 結論61
7.2 未來展望61
參考文獻62

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