臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

選擇四年生土肉桂為試驗材料，每月分別測定上下層陽葉與蔭葉淨光合作用速率、蒸散作用速率、氣孔導度三項生理因子，以及光合作用有效光輻射、葉溫、氣溫、相對濕度、二氧化碳濃度等環境因子的日變化。藉以探討土肉桂不同冠層陽葉、蔭葉的光合作用與環境及生理因子之相關性及其主要影響因子，並進而推估全年葉部CO2固定量。
一年生盆苗在控制環境恒溫箱內蒸氣壓差維持1KPa以內，葉溫27-28℃時，測得土肉桂光飽和點約為600-700 µmol m-2s-1，最大淨光合作用速率為7.2 µmol m-2s-1。而在野外土肉桂成木，淨光合作用速率上層陽葉為5.22 µmol m-2s-1，上層蔭葉為3.10 µmol m-2s-1，下層陽葉為3.92 µmol m-2s-1，下層蔭葉為2.51 µmol m-2s-1。經成對樣本T檢定顯示，上下層陽葉與蔭葉間及上下層陽葉間，多數測定日，環境因子及淨光合作用速率及蒸散作用速率均差異顯著，但上下層蔭葉間則差異不顯著。光度與葉溫為多數測定日影響陽葉光合作用的主要因子，而光度多為蔭葉光合作用的主要影響因子。在晴朗炎熱的天候，上層陽葉淨光合作用速率日變化有明顯的中午抑制現象而呈雙峰趨勢。
累計一日9小時土肉桂陽葉平均每平方公尺面積可固定6.52 g CO2，蔭葉為4.01 g CO2。

The efficiency of carbon dioxide fixation of Cinnamomum osmophlacum Kaneh was analyzed by measuring net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance rate and other environmental factor in this study in the field monthly.
Effects of temperature , light， CO2， vapor pressure deficit(VPD) on photosynthetic rates of Cinnamamum osmophlacum Kaneh leaves were investigated on photosynthetic characteristics by portable photosynthetic system and self-organized environmental control system. When VPD was below 1.0KPa in ambient CO2 concentration light saturation point is 600-700µmolm-2s-1. Maximum Pn was about 7.2 µmolm-2s-1 under light intensity above 600 µmolm-2s-1, leaf temperature between 27-28℃.
In the field , the upper sun-leaf average net photosynthetic rate was 5.22 µmolm-2s-1. For the upper shadow-leaf, the lower sun-leaf and the lower shadow-leaf , they are 3.10, 3.92, 2.51 µmolm-2s-1 respectively
According to the result of paired t-test analysis, it has significantly difference between the sun-leaf and the shadow-leaf and between the upper and lower canopy layer of the sun-leaf in photosynthesis, transpiration and environmental factors, but is not between the upper and lower canopy layer of shadow-leaf. PAR and leaf temperature are the major influence factors of sun-leaf and PAR is the major influence factor of shadow -leaf in photosynthesis in many experiment days. Under sunny and hot day, diurnal changes showed two peaks with middy depression for the upper sun-leaf.
The CO2 fixation efficiency in 9 hours during the daytime that of sun-leaf of Cinnamomum osmophlacum Kaneh was 6.52 g m-2s-1, and that of shadow-leaf was 4.01g m-2s-1.

謝誌 I
中文摘要 II
英文摘要 III
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 VIII
一、前言 1
二、前人研究 4
2.1土肉桂的形態分類與育苗栽植等相關研究 4
2.1.1土肉桂形態分類與相關種的鑑別 4
2.1.2土肉桂育苗與栽植等相關研究 5
2.2影響光合作用的環境因子 6
2.2.1光度 6
2.2.2溫度 8
2.2.3二氧化碳 9
2.2.4水分 11
2.3影響光合作用的生理因子 11
2.3.1葉齡 11
2.3.2日變化與季節變化 13
2.3.3呼吸作用 14
2.3.4樹齡 15
2.3.5葉片的結構和配置 15
三、試驗材料及方法 16
3.1試驗地概況 16
3.2試驗材料 18
3.3試驗儀器 18
3.4試驗方法 21
3.4.1控制環境苗木生理活動的測定 21
3.4.2植物園現場生理活動的測定 22
3.5資料統計分析 23
3.6葉部CO2固定量之推估 24
3.6.1葉面積之測定 24
3.6.2葉部CO2固定量之推估 24
四、結果 26
4.1控制環境苗木生理活動的測定 26
4.2土肉桂不同冠層位置淨光合作用、蒸散作用與氣孔導度
日變化及其平均值 29
4.2.1上層陽葉 29
4.2.2上層蔭葉 32
4.2.3下層陽葉 35
4.2.4下層蔭葉 35
4.2.5綜合比較各層陽葉與蔭葉 36
4.3影響土肉桂冠層淨光合作用的環境和生理因子 37
4.4葉部年CO2固定量的推估 44
4.4.1葉面積的計算 44
4.4.2葉部年CO2固定量的推估 45
五、討論 46
5.1土肉桂的光飽和點與中午抑制現象 46
5.2土肉桂不同冠層位置葉片淨光合作用速率日變化 47
5.3影響土肉桂冠層葉片淨光合作用之環境及生理因子 48
5.4葉部年CO2固定量的推估 49
六、結論 51
七、參考文獻 52
八、附錄 59
圖目錄
圖3.1 試驗地位置圖 17
圖3.2 CI-301PS攜帶式光合作用測定儀 19
圖4.1土肉桂盆苗葉片淨光合作用速率(Pn)與光度(PAR)的關係 26
圖4.2 土肉桂盆苗葉片氣孔導度(C)與光度(PAR)之關係 27
圖4.3 土肉桂盆苗葉片葉肉細胞間隙二氧化碳濃度(Ci)與
光度(PAR)之關係 28
圖4.4 2003年4月12日土肉桂環境因子，淨光合作用速率，
蒸散作用速率與氣孔導度日變化圖 31
圖4.5 2003年6月13日土肉桂環境因子，淨光合作用速率、
蒸散作用速率與氣孔導度日變化圖 34
圖4.6 土肉桂冠層陽葉、蔭葉各測定日二氧化碳固定量 50
表目錄
表3.1 CI-301PS光合作用測定系統資料擷取光合作用
與相關生理參數 20
表4.1 土肉桂各測定日光合作用參數之平均測值 30
表4.2 土肉桂各測定日光合作用參數在不同位置差異顯著
性的比較 39
表4.3 土肉桂各測定日葉溫、光度、淨光合作用速率、蒸散
作用速率及氣孔導度綜合比較不同位置葉片差異顯著
日數統計表 40
表4.4 影響土肉桂冠層陽葉淨光合作用之環境及生理因子 41
表4.5 影響土肉桂冠層蔭葉淨光合作用之環境及生理因子 42
表4.6 土肉桂陽葉與蔭葉日淨光合作用率與日淨光合作用量
及CO2固定量 43
表4.7 土肉桂全株陽葉、蔭葉平均葉面積 44
表4.8 土肉桂冠層陽葉與蔭葉一日及一年CO2固定量 45

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