臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

運動媒體文本長久存在性別失衡的現象，這樣的現象跨越文化與媒體形式，具有全世界的普同性，最終都是傳遞出男優女劣的意識型態，維繫了男性在運動領域內的霸權地位。
為追求更值得信賴的解釋，本研究同時採用量化的內容分析與質化的論述分析兩種研究路徑，結合傅柯的權力∕知識與主體形成，以及布爾迪厄的文化社會學所提供的觀點進行分析。
內容分析發現，不論新聞文本或新聞照片，媒體建構男子運動員是以運動本質為核心，反之，對女子運動員則過於強調她們的身體容貌。這樣的女性刻板形象再現使得女性在運動領域內的努力遭受邊緣化與平凡化。
論述分析依傅柯的方法學，分為論述形構與論述實踐兩個部分，在論述形構方面，研究發現媒體利用命名、分類、歸因、性感與戰爭的隱喻，建構出瞭解女性撞球選手的知識。在論述實踐上，則是以矛盾再現、資本的競爭與轉化、主體改變及抗爭行為來解釋性別論述中的權力關係與主體位置。
本研究發現無論從內容分析或論述分析；無論是新聞文本或新聞照片；無論是論述形構或論述實踐，最終都可歸結到女性運動論述中的「美貌神話」。美貌是女性運動員獲得讚賞的條件，也是父權體制將她們邊緣化的武器；美貌是女運動員藉以競爭地位的資本，同時是壓迫女人的一種宰制力量。

Earlier research has convincingly demonstrated that the representation of gender in media is asymmetrical, and the phenomenon existed cross cultures and the forms of media. Sport media plays a significant role in transmitting an ideology of male superiority. The purpose of this study was to examine how the different gender representative strategies exist in sport text of Taiwan newspaper.
Using simultaneously content analysis and discourse analysis to scrutinize the appearance and the connotation in sport news texts, this study incorporated both Foucault’s view of power-knowledge and the formation of subject and Bourdieu’s culture sociology.
Results of content analysis showed that the newspaper portrayed billiard athletes differently in both news text and photos. Men were characterized as being more athletic and more committed than female athletes. Conversely, female were highlighted in physical aesthetics. The stereotypical images of femininity and sexuality served to marginalize and trivialize women’s sporting efforts.
By using Foucault’s method, discourse analysis was divided into discourse formation and discourse practice. In discourse formation, sport news used the methods of naming, classification, attribution, sexualization and war metaphor to constitute the knowledge which people can understand the female billiard athletes. As to the discourse practices, sport news adopted the methods of ambivalent representation, competition and transformation of capitals, change of subjects and actions of resistance to account for power relations and positions of subjects in gender discourse.
These findings suggested that beauty myth is deeply embedded in media sport text. Women gain praise by beauty; however, it is beauty that the patriarchal system used to trivializes women. Beauty is a capital for women to struggle for their status; meanwhile, it is also a power exercised to oppress women.

第一章 緒論

第一節研究動機------------------------------------------1
第二節研究背景與目的------------------------------------3

第二章 文獻探討

第一節媒體中的女性形象---------------------------------7
第二節性別差異迷思─建構論或本質論？-------------------23
第三節運動性別論述─傅柯觀點--------------------------29
第四節布爾迪厄觀點-------------------------------------37
第五節研究問題-----------------------------------------41

第三章 研究方法

第一節內容分析-----------------------------------------44
第二節論述分析-----------------------------------------54
第三節研究架構-----------------------------------------58

第四章 研究結果與討論

第一節內容分析-----------------------------------------59
第二節論述分析-----------------------------------------83


第五章 結論與建議

第一節結論----------------------------------------------110
第二節研究限制與建議------------------------------------115

參考文獻----------------------------------------------------118

附錄 內容分析類目----------------------------------------129

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