臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國內目前對於重金屬污染土壤現地整治技術，多以化學及工程整治技術為主。此外，對於相關之植生復育研究亦多數處於實驗階段，即利用盆栽試驗進行。而植生復育於重金屬污染場址整治上，亦可兼顧土壤維持原有的特性，在土壤性質並不會產生嚴重破壞。本研究區位於台灣南部一廢棄物棄置場進行大面積植生復育試驗，以評估重金屬污染土壤植生復育之可行性。希望透過植生萃取及植生穩定的方式，於植體根系吸收土壤中的污染物，並移轉至地上部組織，再採收地上部組織將土壤的重金屬污染移除；植生穩定部份，亦利用植體根系吸附或還原方式穩定重金屬，達到穩定土壤結構降低其移動性，以達到植生復育之目的。本研究選用桃花心木、水柳、玉米、向日葵、蓖麻為植生萃取之用，另構樹、培地茅、馬拉巴栗、鵝掌藤以植生穩定之用，經植生復育效果評估，蓖麻及水柳具有不錯地萃取成效，向日葵及玉米雖TF值低於1，但可多次栽種採收，仍具有重金屬移除能力。本研究若以大規模栽種萃取植物，預估移除種植區內表土層重金屬降低至管制標準所需時間推估需172年。在植生穩定四項試驗植物中，其根部皆具有累積重金屬的能力，可避免重金屬受沖蝕、逕流與淋洗作用擴及至其他環境。

Nowadays the technology of phytoremediation for contaminated sites with heavy metals is better than traditional chemical approaches. However, most of the research on phytoremediation is in experimental stage and trying out pot culture as the experiment.
The effects of phytoremediation in contaminated site not only can maintain the original characteristics and quality of the soil but also avoid causing the great damage of the properties of the soil. The study area is located at a waste dumping site in southern Taiwan and has been performed the experiment of phytoremediation and assessed the effectiveness of the phytoremediation in the heavy-metal contaminated sites by the ways of phytoextraction and phytostabilization. Firstly, we assessed the yptake of the metals by the plants. Secondly, turning it into the tissue and at the end, eliminating the tissue that’s been polluted by heavy metals. On the other hand, in terms of phytostabilization also has to use the same way to stabilize heavy metals by absorbing and recovering and to reduce the solubility of heavy metals for achieving the purpose of the phytoremediation. We used Swietenia macrophylla, Salix warburgu, Zea mays, Helianthus annuus, and Ricinus communis as the tested plants for phytoextraction. Mulberry, Vetiver, Pachira Aquatica, and Schefflera Arboricola were proposed as phytostabilizers. After assessing the result of phytoremediation, we found that Ricinus communis and Salix warburgu were very effective in phytoextraction. Although the TF values of Helianthus annuus and Zea mays were lower than 1.0, it can be multiple collection and still have the capability of eliminating heavy metals. If it can be conducting this study extensively by planting the plants, the time we estimate that can reduce the heavy metals from the soils takes 172 years. The plants in the experiment of phytostabilization have the effect of accumulating heavy metals in their roots and avoid them to be ablating, runoff and leaching to contaminate other environment.

摘 要 I
Abstract II
謝 誌 IV
目　錄 V
表　目　錄 VII
圖　目　錄 VIII
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 台灣地區土壤重金屬污染的現況 3
2.2 土壤重金屬的來源、特性及危害 4
2.2.1 土壤重金屬的來源 4
2.2.2 土壤重金屬的特性及危害 5
2.3 土壤重金屬整治技術介紹 8
2.4 植生復育技術介紹 9
2.4.1 重金屬植生復育之原理與機制 10
2.4.2 生物有效性定義與操作 11
2.4.3 植生萃取技術 13
2.4.4 植生穩定技術 14
第三章 材料與方法 15
3.1 植生復育之植物篩選 15
3.1.1 植生萃取植物 16
3.1.2 植生穩定植物 20
3.2 植體採收與土壤採樣 24
3.2.1 土壤基本性質分析 26
3.3 土壤重金屬分析 28
3.4 植體樣品分析 28
第四章 結果與討論 29
4.1 土壤重金屬分析 29
4.2 試驗植物重金屬背景值 34
4.3 植體根部重金屬含量 36
4.3.1 第一次植體分析 36
4.3.2 第二次植體分析 38
4.4 植體地上部重金屬含量 40
4.4.1 第一次植體分析 40
4.4.2 第二次植體分析 42
第五章 結論 44
參考文獻 45
作者介紹 49

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