臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

維生管線破壞的成因有很多，本研究主要工作內容為應用永久地表變位(Permanent Ground Deformation，PGD)進行自來水管線災損模式之建置。然而在分析過程中，以單一鄉鎮個別分析時，所估計的災損率與PGD數據均較為集中，小範圍數值變化對於關聯趨勢的影響相對較大。尤其在格網化的空間解析下，往往有些格網的管線過短，因而造成該格網的災損率偏高，這種現象在單一鄉鎮內，就特別造成迴歸關聯性的影響。應用地理資訊系統進行資料判讀分析時，得知災損率較大的區域，其網格與網格間PGD的大小有明顯的差異，因此進一步探討PGD變化率(PGD-difference)與災損間關係，進而建立PGD-difference之災損模式。以單一鄉鎮所建立之PGD-difference災損模式，其迴歸關聯性明顯較PGD之災損模式符合實際災損狀況。本研究同時利用Strain gage Rosettes的方式，計算評估大地應變量，並建立其災損模式。與PGD災損模式及PGD-difference災損模式相較之下，其迴歸關聯性趨勢明顯一致符合實際災損狀況。由於維生線受到地震災損的機制相當複雜，以本研究分析結果而言，建立的三種災損模式顯示非完全一致的迴歸關聯性，因此本研究除了以此三種災損模式互相比較外，並和國外研究建立之災損模式進行分析比較。

The common way to study the scenario of lifeline damages caused by earthquake is to establish the relationship of repair rate and earthquake parameters. This study focuses on the parameter of Permanent Ground Deformation (PGD) to construct water pipeline damage model. During the analysis for each town, the range of repair rate and PGD data are limited, which causes pronounced impacts with respect to regression due to a little variation. In addition, the grid-based analysis also introduces the uncertainty from the discreteness of spatial elements. Lengths of water pipeline between each grid could be estimated as relatively low when it is located just around the border of study area, which leads to high repair rate in each grid. With the analysis through GIS in the high repair rate area, PGD changed obviously compared to the grid in neighbor. Therefore, PGD-difference model is constructed to further discuss on the relationship of PGD-difference and repair rate. PGD-difference model of single town indicates that it’s more conforming to realistic situation. In this study, we also applied Strain gage Rosettes method to construct a damage model to evaluate ground strain, which is even more conforming to realistic situation comparing to other two methods. Besides the derivations of regression models for lifeline damage estimation, the models were also examined with Toprak’s and Heubach’s models.

目 錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 研究架構 2
1.4 文獻回顧 3
第二章 研究內容與方法 7
2.1 資料蒐集及建立 7
2.1.1 自來水管線及災損資料 7
2.1.2 三角點GPS資料重測 9
2.2 圖資數化流程 10
2.3 災損率定義 11
2.3.1 格網內災損點評估 12
2.3.2 格網內管線總長評估 13
第三章 PGD災損模式 16
3.1 PGD定義 17
3.2 單區PGD災損分析 19
3.3 全區PGD災損分析 35
3.3.1 所有資料點迴歸 36
3.3.2 以單區鄉鎮各為一資料點進行迴歸 36
第四章 PGD變化率災損模式 41
4.1 PGD變化率定義 41
4.2 單區PGD變化率災損分析 42
4.3 全區PGD變化率災損分析 56
4.3.1 所有資料點迴歸 57
4.3.2 以單區鄉鎮各為一資料點進行迴歸 58
第五章 大地應變災損模式 61
5.1 大地應變定義 61
5.1.1 三角形組法 61
5.1.2 三角形網資料結構 62
5.1.3 Strain gage Rosettes 63
5.2 應變計算 66
5.3 單區應變災損分析 66
5.4 全區PGD變化率災損分析 74
5.4.1 所有資料點迴歸 74
5.4.2 以單區鄉鎮各為一資料點進行迴歸 77
第六章 結論與建議 83
參考文獻 85
符號彙編 88

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