臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在接單後裝配作業之生產型態中，具有與其他作業型態明顯的相異性，也就是其需求通常在時間點接近時方能確定。同時為了(1)滿足顧客即時的需求與減少顧客等待的時間。(2)減少特定料變成呆料以減少採購原物料之成本。(3)減少原物料庫存的數量。以及(4)降低需求的不確定性。因此在實務上企業往往在進行物料需求規劃時會將零組件具有共同性之特性作為規劃的一種有利條件，以便於達到上述之目的。是故若產品具有需求在接近時點方能確定與零組件具有共同性的特性之條件下，將會對企業未來的獲利造成重要的影響。
然而市場需要狀況往往無法照企業所期待的形式出現，因此為了能夠因應實際需求的變化，目前在實務上企業常採用的規劃方式為「滾動規劃」。所以本研究選擇目前在台灣熱門的裝配業作為研究的對象，提出一套能夠涵括前兩種特性的備料模式。經由實驗設計之情境設計與模擬，分析物料規劃之結果，得到以下結論：
1.共同性零組件的使用在傳統的物料需求規劃可以帶來成本上的效益。而滾動式物料需求規劃中在成本上所帶來的經濟效益會愈大。
2.當企業在面臨市場需求不確定時，經由共同性零組件的採用，企業可以減少原物料採購過程中與供應商協調之複雜程度並且降低因為不確定所引起之成本差異。
3.當廠商採用滾動式規劃進行物料採購，如果能夠縮短凍結期或者能夠與其他原物料供應商建立緊急採購機制，便可以因應需求不確定性所造成之缺貨成本。

目錄
致謝........................................................i
論文摘要...................................................ii
Abstract..................................................iii
目錄.......................................................iv
圖次......................................................vii
表次.......................................................xi
第一章 緒論.................................................1
1.1 研究動機............................................1
1.2 研究目的............................................2
1.3 研究架構............................................3
第二章 文獻探討.............................................5
2.1 滾動式規劃相關文獻探討..............................5
2.1.1 MPS凍結間隔.....................................6
2.1.2 MPS重規劃頻率...................................7
2.1.3 MPS規劃範圍.....................................8
2.1.4 預測誤差........................................9
2.2 零組件共同性相關文獻探討...........................14
2.2.1 零組件共同性...................................14
2.2.2 共同性指數.....................................17
第三章 模型建立............................................18
3.1 模型基本假設.......................................19
3.2 混合型整數線性規劃.................................21
3.2.1 代號設定.......................................21
3.2.2 決策變數.......................................22
3.2.3 模式參數.......................................23
3.2.4 目標函數.......................................25
3.2.5 限制式說明.....................................26
第四章 模式之模擬應用與分析................................28
4.1 情境設定說明.......................................29
4.1.1 參數設定.......................................29
4.1.2 情境設定.......................................31
4.2 模擬結果與分析.....................................34
4.2.1 成本結果.......................................34
4.2.2 模擬結果分析...................................38
4.2.2.1 成本項之比較...............................39
4.2.2.2 訂單滿足率之比較...........................46
4.3 小結...............................................49
第五章 結論與建議..........................................51
5.1 結論...............................................51
5.1.1 研究結論.......................................51
5.1.2 研究貢獻.......................................52
5.2 研究限制...........................................52
5.3 未來研究建議.......................................52
參考文獻...................................................54
附錄a......................................................58

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