臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著能源的短缺及人們對環境的重視，能源服務(Energy Service Company，ESCO)成為推廣節能的工具。能源服務公司在期初免費提供服務及設備供客戶使用，之後能源用戶再將節省的能源費用，在各期依據約定之比例，付給能源服務公司。由於，所節省之能源量具不確定性，因此雙方對於節省之能源費用的分享比例，及合約期間該如何訂定，為能源服務公司和客戶簽訂合約時之重要議題。本研究假設節能服務公司無須融資而買斷設備，則在損益平衡及成本加成不同之情境下，若每期節省之能源量為一隨機變數，則以營收分享合約之精神與淨現值法之概念，如何分析得到最適之分享比例與合約期限。本研究並以數值模擬之方式來說明本研究所提方法之合理性與實用性。

Due to a shortage of energy and much attentions of environment, the Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) play an important role in economy energy. At the beginning ESCOs provide services and equipments free of charge for energy users, then energy users will pay the agreed proportion of savings in energy costs to ESCOs. Since the saving of energy is uncertain, how to determine the proportion of the energy cost savings and the contract horizon is an important issue for ESCOs and energy users when they negotiate the contract. Suppose ESCOs buy equipments without mortgage loan and the saving of energy is a random variable, under the scenario settings of breakeven and cost markup, this study solves the optimal sharing ratio of cost savings and the contract horizon based on the concept of revenue-sharing contract and net present value. We also provide simulation results of a numerical example to illustrate the rationality and practicality of our method.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景及動機 1
第二節 研究目的與內容 3
第三節 研究流程 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 能源服務業 5
第二節 能源服務業發展現況 8
第三節 節能績效保證合約 19
第四節 營收分享合約（REVENUE-SHARING CONTRACTS） 25
第三章 情境設定與模型建構 26
第一節 ESCO之情境說明 26
第四章 模型與數值模擬分析 29
第一節 模型推導分析 29
第二節 數值模擬分析 33
第五章 結論與建議 36
第一節 研究結論 36
第二節 研究貢獻 37
第三節 未來研究建議 37
參考文獻 39

一、中文部分
1.經濟部能源委員會(2001)，能源服務業節能績效保證合約手冊。
2.「世銀GEF(General Environment Facilities)能源效率計畫檢討與操作手冊」關於ESCO及金融財務面之摘要整理。
3.台灣能源技術服務產業發展協會http://www.taesco.org.tw/TSC-Itm02-03.asp


二、英文部分
1.Butson, J. (1998) , “The potential for energy service companies in the European Union” In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Improving Electricity Efficiency in Commercial Buildings, Amsterdam, September 1998.
2.Barry, A. Pasternack, (2001) ,“The Capacitated Newsboy Problem with Revenue Sharing” Mathematics and Decision Sciences, 5(1)：21-33.
3.Bertoldi, P., Berrutto, V., Renzio, M., Adnot, J., Vine, E. (2003) , “How are EU ESCOs behaving and how to create a real ESCO market? Proceedings of the 2003 European Council for an Energy- Efficient Economy Summer Study” European Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, pp. 909–916. Paris, France.
4.Cudahy, M.and Dreessen T.（1996）,“A review of the ESCO industry in the United States” National Association of Energy Service Companies, Washington, DC.
5.CTI (Climate Technology Initiative), (2003) , Guide to Working with Energy Service Companies in Central Europe , CTI Secretariat,Tokyo.
6.Dayton, D. , Goldman C., Pickle, S.（1998）, “The Energy Services Company (ESCO) industry: analysis of industry and market trends” Proceedings of the 1998 ACEEE Summer Study, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Vol. 6, pp. 29–45. Washington, DC.
7.Dana, Jr.J.D. & Spier, K.E. (2001) ,“Revenue Sharing and Vertical Control in the Video Rental Industry” Industrial Economics, 409：223-245.
8.Dreessen, T., (2003), “Advantages and disadvantages of the two dominant world ESCO models; shared savings and guaranteed saving” Bertoldi, P. (Ed.), Proceedings of the First Pan- European Conference on Energy Service Companies.
9.ECS (Energy Charter Secretariat)(2003) ,“Third Party Financing. Achieving its Potential” Energy Charter Secretariat, Brussels.
10.Goldman, C.and Dayton, D.（1996）﹐“Future prospects for ESCOs in a restructured electricity industry”Proceedings of the 1996 ACEEE Summer Study,American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy,Vol. 10, pp.59-69. Washington, DC
11.Goldman, C., Osborn, J., Hopper, N., Singer, T. （2002）,Market trends in the US ESCO industry: results fromthe NAESCO Database Project LBNL-49601. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA.
12.Lee, Myung Kyoon, J.P.Painuly, Hynua Park, Jongwhan Noh (2003),“Promoting Energy Eficiency Financing and ESCOs in Developing Contries：Experiences from Korean ESCO Business” Cleaner Production﹐11：651-657.
13.Motimer,J.H. (2002) ,“The Effects of Revenue – Sharing Contracts on Welfare in Veritcally-Separated Markets：Evidence from the Video Rental Industry”Working Paper, Harvard University,Combridge , Massachusetts.
14.Hopper﹐Nicole. , Charles Goldman, Donald Gilligan ﹐Terry E. Singer,Dave Birr, A Survey of the U.S. ESCO Industry: Market Growth and Development from 2000 to 2006. Synchronous Energy Solutions﹐ Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory﹐National Association of Energy Service Companies.
15.Painuyly, J.P., Park, H., Lee, M.K., Noh, J. ( 2003) , “Promoting energy efficiency financing and ESCOs in developing countries: mechanisms and barriers” Cleaner Production﹐11：659–665.
16.Singer, T., Lockhart, N.（2002）, “IEA DSM Task X—Performance Contracting, Country Report: United States” International Energy Agency, Paris, France.
17.Vine, E. , Nakagami, H. , Murakoshi, C.（1999）, “The evolution of the US energy service company (ESCO) Industry: from ESCO to super ESCO. Energy” The International Journal ﹐24 (6)：479–492.
18.Vine, E., Hamrin, J., Crossley, D., Maloney, M., Watt, G.（2003）, “Public policy analysis of energy efficiency and load management in changing electricity businesses” Energy Policy﹐31 (5)：405-430.
19.Vine, E. forthcoming, The energy services industry. Encyclopedia of Energy.
20.Vine Edward﹐(2005) , “An international survey of the energy service company (ESCO) industry” Energy Policy﹐33：691-704.