臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文研究進行光纖足底壓力感測器之設計與研製，並使用此研製方法來量測及矯正人類足底壓力的分佈狀態。本研究之足底壓力感測器主要是以布拉格光纖光柵(Fiber Bragg grating, FBG)作為感測元件，並使用SC-877翻模矽膠作為感測介質，經感測器靈敏度測試而選擇最適合的翻模矽膠主劑與硬化劑調配比例100：10來當感測器的彈性膠體。在足底壓力的分佈狀態量測方面，依據Pedar-X鞋墊式足壓測試系統所定義的成人鞋墊尺寸圖，定義6個區域進行測量，分類為四種足型，分別為正常足、高弓足、外旋足與扁平足。經由11位測試者量測足底壓力分佈，並進行足型分類，量測結果與i-Step P1000足底壓力測試板進行皮爾遜相關性的比較，結果顯示兩台足底壓力感測器的相關性為0.581。所以，自製之足底壓力感測器具有良好的量測準確性與重覆性，且與市面上的足壓感測器做比較，此感測器在結構上較簡單，製作上也比較容易且成本低廉。在矯正鞋墊製造與測試方面，由足底壓力的分佈狀態量測結果是扁平足者穿上矯正鞋墊1個月進行矯正，實驗結果顯示，矯正鞋墊可達到矯正效果，內側足弓壓力分佈確實有減少，且扁平足常見的症狀，如長時間行走或跑步而引起足部疼痛的狀況都獲得改善。

This paper research for plantar pressure fiber optical sensor design and develop，and uses this method to measurement and correction of the human foot pressure distribution state. The mainly base element of fiber plantar pressure sensor is fiber Bragg grating (FBG). It is used as the sensing element, and the SC-877 silicone as the sensing medium. After the sensor sensitivity test, the best material for elastic gel sensors is mixed with the main base and hardener with the ratio of 100:10. For measurement with distribution of plantar pressure, this study refers to adult size chart of Pedar-X insole foot pressure testing system type and defines six measurement areas that can classified into four foot types, namely neutral foot, cavus foot, supinated foot and flat foot. The plantar pressure distribution of eleven testers with differentiate foot types were measured. The Pearson correlation coefficient of the measurement results with homemade fiber optic pressure sensor plantar and i-Step P1000 plantar pressure plate is 0.581. Therefore, the homemade plantar pressure sensor has the highest measurement accuracy and repeatability. Besides, this sensor has simple structure that can be made easily and low costs. In the manufacturing and testing of the orthotic insole, this study selected the flat foot testers to wear the orthotic insole a month. Experimental results show that the effect of corrective orthotic insole can reduce stress distribution inside the arch and improve the symptoms of flat feet, such as the foot pain caused by walking or running.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
符號說明 xvi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 光纖光柵壓力感測器之文獻回顧 2
1.3.1 裸光纖光柵壓力感測器 2
1.3.2 以球型玻璃為外殼之光纖光柵壓力感測器 3
1.3.3 以聚合物為外襯之光纖光柵壓力感測器 4
第二章 光纖感測系統原理介紹 6
2.1 光纖簡介 6
2.1.1 光纖構造 6
2.1.2 光纖傳輸的優點 7
2.1.3 光纖傳輸的缺點 7
2.1.4 光纖的種類 11
2.1.5 多模光纖與單模光纖 14
2.1.6 光纖訊號傳遞原理 14
2.2 光纖光柵的基本介紹 16
2.2.1 光纖光柵的特點 16
2.2.2 光纖光柵的種類 16
2.2.3 布拉格光纖光柵對應變及溫度的感測原理 18
2.2.4 光纖光柵之應用 20
2.2.5 光纖感測器之應用 21
第三章 介紹各足型之足底壓力分布與i-Step P1000足底壓力板及矯正鞋墊製作過程 23
3.1 介紹扁平足與改善方法 23
3.1.1 介紹扁平足 23
3.1.2 扁平足可分為僵硬與彈性兩種類型 24
3.1.3 扁平足有什麼併發症 24
3.1.4 改善方法 24
3.2 介紹外旋足與改善方法 24
3.2.1 介紹外旋足 24
3.2.2 形成外旋足的原因 25
3.2.3 外旋足有什麼併發症 25
3.2.4 改善方法 26
3.3 介紹高弓足與改善方法 26
3.3.1 介紹高弓足 26
3.3.2 形成高弓足的原因 27
3.3.3 高弓足有什麼併發症 27
3.3.4 改善方法 27
3.4 介紹正常足 27
3.5 介紹各足型及足底壓力分佈 27
3.6 介紹i-Step P1000足底壓力板 29
3.7 介紹矯正鞋墊製作過程 30
第四章 實驗規劃與方法 32
4.1 實驗前元件測試 32
4.1.1 被動元件測試 32
4.1.2 光纖光柵中心波長量測 33
4.2 足底壓力感測器之實驗規劃 34
4.2.1 定義出測量足底壓力6個區域 35
4.2.2 足底壓力感測器彈性膠體之製作 37
4.3 感測器測量原始足底壓力之實驗規劃 40
4.4 矯正鞋墊置於感測器上面之實驗規劃 44
4.5 矯正鞋墊放置在扁平足測試者鞋子之實驗規劃 46
4.6 感測器測量結果對照各足型標準去定義出測試者足型 47
4.7 定義出的足型與i-Step P1000足底壓力板測量的結果是否相同 48
4.8 使用皮爾遜相關係數去比較出足底壓力感測器跟i-Step P1000足底壓力板的相關性 49
第五章 實驗過程與量測結果 53
5.1 不同比例之感測器靈敏度測試結果與討論 53
5.2 足底壓力測試結果對照各足型標準圖定義出測試者足型之實驗結果 54
5.2.1 十一個測試者足底壓力實驗結果 54
5.2.2 左、右腳都(正常足)之實驗結果 55
5.2.3 左、右腳都(高弓足)之實驗結果 59
5.2.4 左、右腳都(扁平足)之實驗結果 63
5.2.5 左、右腳都外旋足(足內翻)之實驗結果 66
5.2.6 左腳都(高弓足)、右腳都(正常足) 68
5.3 比較定義出的足型與i-Step P1000足底壓力板所測量之足型是否吻合之實驗結果 71
5.3.1 測試者1~3踩完i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測
器所測量到左、右腳都正常足之實驗結果 71
5.3.2 測試者4~7踩完i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測
器所測量到左、右腳都高弓足之實驗結果 74
5.3.3 測試者8~9踩完i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測
器所測量到左、右腳都扁平足之實驗結果 77
5.3.4 測試者10踩完i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測器
所測量到左、右腳都外旋足之實驗結果 80
5.3.5 測試者11踩完i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測器
所測量到左腳都(高弓足)跟右腳都(正常足)之實驗結果 81
5.4 皮爾遜相關係數實驗結果與討論 84
5.4.1比較 i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測器在6個區
域的相關性實驗結果 84
5.4.2比較i-Step P1000足底壓力板與光纖足底壓力感測器在各個區
域的相關性實驗結果 85
5.5 矯正鞋墊之實驗結果 91
5.6 穿戴矯正鞋墊一個月之測試者心得 94
5.7 感測器穩定性 94
第六章 結論 98
6.1 結論 98
6.2 未來展望 98
參考文獻 99
附錄一、中英文對照表 107

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