臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文以嘉義區一間醫學中心為研究對象,針對院內1000 USRT滿液離心式冰水主機,以電腦模擬軟體及現場實測數據,來分析比較單台定頻及變頻主機之效能,並以實測所得之效能為依據,來分析比較不同台數控制方式之節電量。於研究中發現,無論為電腦模擬軟體或現場實測之單台數據,均顯示主機如運轉於高負載及高冷卻水入水溫度條件下時,定頻主機效率將優於變頻主機效率,但如運轉於低負載及低冷卻水入水溫度條件下時,變頻主機效率將大大優於定頻主機效率；其於模擬軟體所得之數據顯示,主機如運轉於滿載100%狀況下,且冷卻水入水溫度在27℃以上時,及運轉部分負載90%時,且冷卻水入水溫度在30℃以上時,定頻主機效率均優於變頻主機效率,最大達4.7%,而上述運轉條件以下之區間,變頻主機效率均優於定頻主機效率,最大達40.46%。另如針對實測回歸方式所得之數據顯示,主機如運轉於負載80%以上,且冷卻水入水溫度在29℃以上,或運轉於負載70%以上,冷卻水入水溫度在30℃以上,或運轉於負載60%以上,冷卻水入水溫度在31℃以上時,定頻主機效率均優於變頻主機效率,最大約達6.2%,但於上述運轉條件以下之負載區間,變頻主機效率均優於定頻主機效率,最高達49.8%。如再以實測所得之單台定頻及變頻主機變負荷及變冷卻水入水溫條件下,所測得之每冷凍噸所消耗之電量(KW/RT)數為依據,與該醫學中心全年實測耗電量比較分析,可得以2台定頻及1台變頻主機之最佳化搭配方式最省電,節電量達10%;其次為方式3台全變頻主機搭配方式,節電量達9.5%;最差為3台全定頻主機搭配方式,節電量僅有3.5%。

In this study, centrifugal chillers of 1000 USRT with constant and varied speed in Chiayi area of Taiwan was investigated, respectively, in order to understand their operation efficiencies under different heat loads and different cooling temperatures. Through the simulation of the software, YORKWORK, it is found that the performance of the chiller with constant speed is superior to that of the chiller with varied speed while the operation condition is 100% heat load and the temperature of cooling water is above 27 ℃ or the operation condition is 90% heat load and the cooling temperature is above 30℃. From the simulation, it is also indicated that 4.7% efficiency difference between the two chillers can be reached under the operation conditions mentioned above. Except the operation conditions mentioned above, the performance of the chiller with varied speed is greater than that of the chiller with constant, the maximum efficiency difference of 40.46% can be obtained. Furthermore, from the experimental results, it is also shown that while the operation condition is above 80% heat load and cooling temperature is above 29℃, the efficiency of the chiller with constant frequency is 6.2% superior to that of the chiller with varied frequency. Except the operation condition mentioned above, the performance of the chiller with varied speed is always greater than that of the chiller with constant, the maximum efficiency difference of 49.8% can be obtained in experiments. From the measured energy consumption of individual constant and varied speed chillers,an optimum operation strategy for the HVAC system in a hospital of chiayi was developed. While the heat load of the system is higher and the ambient dry bulb temperature is opened to operate in full load condition as possible. While the heat load is lower and the ambient dry bulb temperature is under 29℃, the system tempt to open the varied speed chiller and shutdown the constant speed chiller. Through the optimum operation, the enery consumption of the system within a year is the lowest in comparison to the of the system operating under fully constant speed chillers or fully varied speed chillers.

中文摘要…………………………………………………………………I
Abstract………………………………………………………………III
致謝………………………………………………………………………V
目錄……………………………………………………………………VII
表目錄……………………………………………………………………X
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………XII
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1
1-1 前言……………………………………………………………1
1-2 研究動機與目的………………………………………………3
1-3 醫院空調負荷來源分析………………………………………5
1-4 台灣氣候特徵…………………………………………………7
1-4-2 台灣氣溫分佈…………………………………………7
1-5 文獻回顧……………………………………………………9
第二章 離心式冰水主機系統介紹……………………………………13
2-1 離心式冰水機分類…………………………………………13
2-2 離心式冰水機冷媒循環系統介紹…………………………19
2-3 離心式冰水主機加卸載方式………………………………23
2-3-1定頻+導流葉片(PRV)控制方式………………………23
2-3-2變頻(VSD)馬達+導流葉片(PRV)控制方式…………24
2-3-3熱器旁通控制(Hot Gas Bypass)……………………25
2-4 離心式冰水主機變頻控制邏輯介紹………………………26
2-5 離心式冰水主機變頻節能原理……………………………29
2-6 冰水主機性能測試標準………………………………………33
第三章 研究系統及方法介紹…………………………………………35
3-1 研究系統介紹………………………………………………35
3-2 研究方法與步驟……………………………………………38
3-3 現場實際量測方法及運算…………………………………42
3-4 冰水主機選機軟體(YORKWORK)介紹………………………44
第四章 結果與討論……………………………………………………50
4-1 定頻及變頻冰水主機電腦模擬軟體效能分析……………50
4-2 定頻及變頻冰水主機現場實測效能分析…………………53
4-3定頻及變頻主機效能綜合分析………………………………58
4-4 全年運轉數據分析…………………………………………66
4-4-1全年熱負荷量分析……………………………………66
4-4-2全年冷卻水入水溫度分析……………………………68
4-5 嘉義區全年氣候條件分析…………………………………70
4-6 主機最佳化調配運轉節能分析……………………………73
4-6-1依最佳效能方式調配主機節能分析…………………73
4-6-2全定頻或全變頻主機耗電量分析……………………76
4-6-3 減碳量計算分析……………………………………82
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………85
叁考文獻……………………………………………………………87

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