臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文以光纖探針為感測器，量測碎波氣泡的體積分率，同時以水中麥克風收集氣泡噪音，使用Gabor轉換分析氣泡大小與數量。本文進行三項實驗，實驗一為使用光纖探針感測含氣泡液體體積分率之率定實驗，在含氣泡液體的圓柱管中進行實驗，使用統計迴歸分析實驗數據以獲得率定曲線；實驗二為使用光纖探針陣列量測碎波氣泡體積分率之實驗，在水利及海洋工程學系雷射實驗室的造波水槽中進行，波浪由造波機製造並且通過矩形模型，模擬波浪通過潛堤而且發生碎波的現象。針對碎波氣泡體積分率的研究，本文以光纖為感測元件，設計陣列式光纖感測探針，分佈在碎波的發生範圍之內，同步量測同一垂直斷面位置、不同深度的氣泡體積分率。實驗三為使用水中麥克風量測氣泡噪音之實驗。設置水中麥克風於碎波流場，量測波浪通過潛堤模型而產生之碎波噪音，計算各種實驗條件下氣泡數量和大小。由於碎波帶侷限於一有限範圍之內，各位置的局部體積分率，隨著碎波帶的範圍與氣泡數量多寡而異，實驗結果顯示，最大的局部體積分率為28 %，發生於實驗條件為堤寬50 公分的碎波之中；氣泡數量以波高條件為4公分的碎波實驗最多，其平均氣泡數量為133.4顆。

Fiber optic probes and hydrophones were used to determine the characteristics of the air bubbles entrained by breaking waves in this text. Three experiments were conducted herein. Firstly, the first experiment establishes the rating curve for fiber optic probe to measure local void fraction of bubbly liquid in the cylinder pipe with regressive analysis. Secondly, fiber-optic-probe array was implemented to measure local void fraction of the air bubbles entrained by breaking waves. This text proposes fiber-optic-probe array distributed in the surf zone to detect the air bubbles entrained in each region of surf zone at the same time, and transforms data into local void fraction. Thirdly, the hydrophone set up near the surf zone was used to receive noise radiated by the air bubbles, and calculating the quantity and size distribution of the air bubbles from received noise with Gabor transform. The results of this text show that the maximum of local void fraction is 28 %, which produced in the case of obstacle width of 50 cm. The maximum of average bubble numbers are 133.4, which occurred in the case of wave height of 4 cm.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
符號 ix

第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 研究目標 7
1-4 論文結構 8

第二章 理論分析 9
2-1 光纖傳輸幾何 9
2-2 光纖傳導模式 10
2-3 Fresnel反射率公式 11
2-4 Rayleigh-Plesset方程 12
2-5 Fourier分析 14
2-6 Gabor分析 16

第三章 實驗方法與架構 19
3-1 光學量測方法 19
3-1-1 光纖感測系統 19
3-1-2 光纖感測實驗 23
3-2 聲學量測方法 24
3-2-1 聲學量測系統 24
3-2-2 聲學量測實驗 26

第四章 結果與討論 27
4-1光纖探針量測含氣泡液體體積分率之率定實驗 27
4-1-1 光纖探針量測之訊號 27
4-1-2 光纖探針訊號之處理 28
4-1-3 時間比分率之計算 29
4-1-4 總體和局部體積分率之計算 29
4-1-5 率定實驗之結果 30

4-2 光纖探針陣列量測碎波氣泡之局部體積分率實驗 32
4-2-1 光纖探針陣列之訊號處理 32
4-2-2 光纖探針陣列量測碎波氣泡體積分率之結果 32
4-3 聲學量測氣泡噪音之實驗 33
4-3-1 背景噪音分析 33
4-3-2 氣泡噪音分析 34
4-3-3 氣泡數量與半徑之分析 35
4-3-4 碎波氣泡噪音實驗之結果 35

第五章 結論與建議 37
5-1 結論 37
5-2 建議 38

參考文獻 39
附錄 中英文對照 73

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