臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在電力系統運轉中，為了確保系統電壓之品質，變電所之變壓器一般皆使用有載分接頭切換器(On-Load Tap Changer，OLTC)，維持輸出電壓之穩定。本論文透過變壓器繞組突波電位分布理論分析之探討，建立衝擊波電位分布模型，並利用電位振盪解析程式，以衝擊波電壓模擬OLTC在69 kV變壓器繞組不同接線位置和不同分接頭位置時，其衝擊波電位分布之情形。模擬結果並驗證台電公司二次變電所69/11.95-23.9 kV, 25 MVA電力變壓器OLTC不同接線方式發生事故之原因。此外，也進一步探討OLTC不同接線方式之特性及其優缺點，並針對新裝置及運轉中之變壓器OLTC提出改善對策，以避免OLTC因電位分布問題發生事故，影響供電可靠度，所提改善對策經過台電公司實際運轉之經驗證實是相當有效的方法，大大地減少了線端抽頭型OLTC的事故率。

In order to ensure voltage quality during operations in the power systems, the On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) for transformer were used to keep the voltage output stable. The paper discussed and analyzed the potential distribution along the transformer winding by using an impulse voltage applied across the winding. The distribution of impulse voltage on the OLTC at different taps and connections of 69 kV transformer windings has been simulated by using a voltage oscillation analysis program. The simulation results verify the causes of failures at the different connections for OLTCs of 69/ll.95-23.9 kV, 25 MVA transformers in Taipower’s (Taiwan Power Company’s) secondary substations. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of OLTCs at different connections were discussed. Moreover, improvement strategies for new and existing OLTCs have been provided, that can avoid OLTC failures which may affect the system reliability if the failure is caused due to potential distribution. Indeed, the proposed solutions are practical in the Taipower system and can reduce the failure rates of line-end OLTCs.

中文摘要 .. i
英文摘要 .ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖表索引 vii
第一章 緒論 ..1
1.1 研究背景與動機 ..1
1.2 事故概況 ..3
1.3 研究目的 ..6
1.4 研究方法 ..6
1.5 章節概要 ..8
第二章 變壓器OLTC接線方式與動作原理 ..9
2.1 前言 ..9
2.2 OLTC主要構造 11
2.3 OLTC接線方式 13
2.4 OLTC動作原理 18
2.5 本章結論 22
第三章 變壓器OLTC不同接線方式電位分佈 23
3.1 前言 23
3.2 突波過電壓 23
3.3 變壓器繞組突波電位分布學理分析 27
3.3.1 變壓器內部模型 27
3.3.2 突波電位分布計算 31
3.4 變壓器繞組衝擊波電位分布模型 37
3.4.1 衝擊波電壓定義 37
3.4.2 衝擊波電位分布模型 38
3.5 OLTC衝擊波電位分布模擬 39
3.5.1 中間抽頭型OLTC電位分布 41
3.5.2 線端抽頭型OLTC電位分布 44
3.5.3 三分之一抽頭型OLTC電位分布 47
3.6 模擬結果與事故分析比較 50
3.7 本章結論 51
第四章 OLTC不同接線方式優劣比較與改善對策 53
4.1 前言 53
4.2不同接線方式之優劣比較 53
4.3 改善對策 55
4.3.1 改變OLTC接線方式 56
4.3.2 絕緣油特性監控 57
4.3.3 線上濾油之使用 61
4.3.4 局部放電之檢測 63
4.4本章結論 68
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 70
5.1 結論 70
5.2 未來研究方向 72
參考文獻 73
附錄 76
作者簡介 80

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