臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

交通建設是國家經濟發展的重要指標，具有良好的交通系統規劃，除了可以增加交通便利性外，亦可對國家經濟帶來莫大的效益，舉凡物資調整、資源供應、成品運銷等等，都需依靠完整之交通系統，因此可知橋梁工程在交通建設中極為重要，相對的橋梁之設計更為橋梁工程的重要關鍵。本論文考量不同因素對橋梁衝擊力的影響，其中包括結構系統(單跨度簡支梁、雙跨度連續梁)，跨度，HS20-44標準貨車中間輪與後輪之軸距，車速及阻尼比等五種因素，並利用有限元素分析軟體SAP2000建立前述一系列橋梁模型，最後以所得之衝擊係數值探討動態車輛對橋梁衝擊力之影響。由研究結果得知，衝擊力係數與跨度、貨車輪軸距、車速成正比，而本論文所建立的模型皆符合公路橋梁設計規範對衝擊係數的規定。

Transportation construction is a crucial indicator of the economic development of a country. Excellent transportation system planning enhances the convenience of transportation and substantially benefits national economy. All processes involving material logistics, supplying resources, and product delivery rely on a comprehensive transportation system. Therefore, bridge construction is essential in transportation construction projects, and bridge designs are the crucial basis of bridge constructions. In this study, we examined the impact load of various factors on bridge girders and investigated five factors, namely the structural system of bridges (simply supported single-span beams and two-span continuous beams), span distance, wheelbase between the central and rear wheels of a standard HS20-44 truck, truck speed, and damping ratio. Subsequently, finite element analysis software (SAP2000) was adopted to establish a series of bridge girder models. Finally, the impact coefficients obtained in this study were used to investigate the impact load of dynamic vehicles on bridge girders. The results indicated that the impact coefficients were proportional to span distance and the wheelbase and speed of the truck. Furthermore, the models developed in this study conformed to the impact coefficient regulations stipulated in the bridge design specification for highways.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的 1
1.3研究方法 1
1.4論文架構 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1影響橋梁衝擊效應之因素 3
2.2 SAP2000有限元素分析軟體 7
2.2.1軟體簡介【7】 7
2.2.2動力歷時分析與反應譜 7
2.3公路載重與車道 10
2.3.1公路載重 10
2.3.2車道 14
2.4載重之應用 15
2.5公路橋梁設計衝擊力係數 17
第三章 研究內容及研究方法 19
3.1理論公式 19
3.2設計條件 20
3.3建立橋梁分析模型 21
第四章 研究結果分析與討論 33
4.1前言 33
4.2彎矩剪力分析結果 33
4.3衝擊係數I值分析結果 44
第五章 結論與建議 47
5.1結論 47
5.2建議 47
參考文獻 48
附錄 49
附錄A H20-44(MS18)載重，彎矩、剪力及反力表 49

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4.Yang, Y. B., Liao, S. S., Lin, B. H., “Impact Formulas for Vehicles Moving over Simple and Continuous Beams,” ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, V. 121, No. 11, Nov. 1995, pp. 1644-1650.
5.Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, “Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code,” Ontario, 1983.
6.公路橋梁設計規範，交通部頒佈，民國98年12月。
7.李森枏，SAP2000 結構設計實務，科技圖書
8.CSI Analysis Reference Manual For SAP2000,ETABS,SAFE and CSiBridge, 2013