臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究是以兩次混合固態反應法來製備複合型鈣鈦礦結構Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3 (BSFN)的陶瓷材料，以及以同價數的Sc3+離子取代Fe3+之離子。第一階段煆燒段形成(Fe1-xScxNb)O4，在添加碳酸鋇(BaCO3)後，接續進行第二階段煆燒形成Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3之複合型鈣鈦礦陶瓷。
由XRD分析結果可以得知，全部之陶瓷樣品為單一相的Cubic鈣鈦礦結構。隨著Sc2O3摻雜量提高，可以觀察到繞射峰(110)往低角度偏移，且密度會下降。大量Sc3+的離子摻雜可以有效減少介電損失，但會犧牲介電常數。最佳介電性質為7mol%的Sc2O3摻雜，在1kHz頻率下量測，其介電常數及介電損失約分別為50000與0.9。樣品介電常數會隨著頻率增加而降低，為典型鐵電材料的弛緩特性。由Cole-Cole plot分析結果可以觀察到有兩個半圓存在，證實BSFN是屬於多重消散性弛緩過程。晶粒與晶界受到半導化影響，阻抗隨著溫度上升而降低，且晶粒與晶界之阻抗差異所形成之晶界層電容有較高的介電常數。

In this investigation, complex perovskite structure Ba(FeNb)0.5O3:Sc ceramic was prepared using two step solid state reaction. The Fe3+ ion is substituted with the same valence of Sc3+ ion to form Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3 (x = 0~1) ceramic. (Fe1-xScxNb)O4 is formed by calcination in the first step. Afterwards, BaCO3 is added into the (Fe1-xScxNb)O4 in the second step, and then the complex perovskite structure Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3 (x = 0~1) is formed when they were calcined at a high temperature.
The results of XRD analysis show that all ceramic samples are single phase of cubic complex perovskite structure. With Sc2O3 doping increasingly, the position of diffraction plane (110) shifts to a lower angle region, and its relative density decreases. When a large amount of Sc3+ ion is doped, the dielectric loss is effectively reduced, but sacrifices dielectric constant. The optimum dielectric property is doped with 7% Sc2O3 that the dielectric constant is about 50000 and the dielectric loss is about 0.9 at 1 kHz. The dielectric constant of sample decreases with increasing frequency, which is the relaxation characteristic of a typical ferroelectric material. By the results of Cole-Cole plot analysis, there are two semicircles exist which confirms that BSFN possesses a multiple dissipation relaxation process.
By the characteristics of semiconductivity, the impedance of the grain and grain boundary decreases with the rise of temperature, and the grain boundary layer’s capacitance which formed by the difference impedance between the grain and grain boundary leading to a high dielectric constant for Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3 ceramics.

摘要......i
Abstract......ii
誌謝......iv
目錄......v
表目錄......vii
圖目錄......viii
第一章 緒論......1
1-1 前言......1
1-2鈦酸鋇之介電材料......1
1-3研究動機......2
1-4 研究目的......3
第二章 基礎理論......9
2-1 介電理論......9
2-1-1 介電原理......9
2-1-2 極化機制......10
2-1-3 介電損失......11
2-1-4 介電特性......12
2-2 強介電理論......12
2-2-1 強介電性質......12
2-2-2 強介電性之晶體結構......13
2-2-3 強介電性材料之應用......13
2-3 複合型鈣鈦礦......14
2-3-1複合型之組成結構......14
2-3-2結構置換作用......15
2-3-3容忍因子......15
2-3-4弛緩性質......16
2-4 缺陷化學與掺雜物之特性......17
2-4-1 陶瓷缺陷......17
2-4-2 Kröger-Vink缺陷化學符號......17
2-4-3 離子摻雜之特性......17
2-5 固態反應法及反應燒結法......18
2-5-1 固態反應法機構......18
2-5-2 固態反應法之優缺......18
2-5-3反應燒結法機構......19
2-5-4反應燒結法之優缺......19
2-6燒結過程及理論......19
2-6-1燒結基本原理......19
2-6-2 幾何形狀的考量......20
2-6-3 粉末顆粒大小對燒結行為的影響......20
2-6-4 晶粒成長......21
2-6-5 晶粒成長的發生及驅動力......21
2-6-6 晶粒成長的類型......21
2-7 助熔劑......21
2-8 晶障型電容......22
2-8-1晶域與晶界......22
2-9 阻抗分析原理......22
第三章 實驗方法......38
3-1 實驗方法......38
3-2 實驗藥品......38
3-3 實驗流程......38
3-4 結構分析與性質量測......38
3-4-1 X光繞射分析......38
3-4-2 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡分析(FE-SEM )......39
3-4-3 密度量測......39
3-4-4 X射線光電子能譜儀(XPS)......39
3-4-5 介電性質量測 ......40
3-4-6 化學分析電子能譜儀(ESCA)......40
3-4-7 阻抗分析量測(cole-cole plot)......40
第4章 結果與討論......43
4-1 以固態反應法合成Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3之鈣鈦礦結構......43
4-1-1 Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3之晶體結構......43
4-1-2密度量測......44
4-1-3 FE-SEM表面結構分析......44
4-1-4 摻雜Sc3+離子對氧空缺及Fe2+/Fe3+的影響......45
4-1-5 介電性質分析......46
4-1-6 阻抗分析量測......48
第五章 結論......65
5-1.以兩階段煆燒固態反應法合成Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3(x=0 ~1)......65
5-1-1 Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3(x=0~1)結構分析......65
5-1-2 Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3(x=0~1)介電分析......65
5-1-3 Ba(Fe1-xScxNb)0.5O3(x=0~1)性質分析......66
參考文獻......67
Extended Abstract......71
簡歷......74

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