臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

歐洲安全長期以來依賴美國，在大西洋聯盟內部一直存在著負擔分攤的議題。冷戰之後，北約結構的重新組織雖成功地適應，然而歐洲的安全防衛計畫卻停滯在初始狀態。今日歐盟致力於自主的防衛政策，在某種程度上可被視為防衛歐洲利益，或在大西洋聯盟內增加其影響力。然而，促進一個在安全與防衛領域更強的歐洲，有其矛盾之處，一方面，更強的歐洲將提供更平等負擔分攤之可能性；但另一方面，也使之更有能力與意願在重要議題上，採取獨立於北約/美國，甚至競爭的立場。因此，本文的研究目的，主要在探討歐盟建構自主行動能力的意涵及其與北約產生的互動關係。
本文共分為五章，第一章為緒論；第二章主要是論述冷戰後北約的續存與價值，以及歐洲方面自二次大戰結束後，追求安全自主的嘗試，以探討北約何以成功的轉型適應於冷戰之後，而歐洲安全防衛計畫卻無重大進展；第三章針對歐盟邁入實質的防衛領域整合之因素及其意涵進行探討，其中涉及國家因素，尤其是美國對歐盟防衛整合的看法，進而分析該整合與北約之間產生的課題；第四章從制度與能力等方面論述歐盟安全自主發展的前景，以及該發展與北約之間呈現的必要連結，從而分析歐盟與北約之間的調和途徑；第五章則提出研究結果，為本文做一總結。

The security of Europe for a long time has been relying on the United States. Within the interior of Atlantic Alliance has always being the topic of burden sharing. After the Cold War, although the structure of NATO has successfully adapted in its reorganization, the defense project of European security has been stagnated at its initial condition. Today, European Union has devoted in defense policy of autonomy, at certain level, it can be deemed as defending European benefit, or to increase its influence within Atlantic Alliance. Yet, in promoting a stronger Europe in its security and defense territory, it has its contradiction. On the one hand, a stronger Europe would provide the possibility of an even more equal share of burden; on the other hand, it’ll enable a better ability and willingness on the important subject, to adapt independent better than NATO/U.S., even from the standpoint of competition. Therefore, the research objective of this article is primary to discuss the meaning on European Union in constructing autonomy action ability, and the mutual interactive relationship created by NATO.
This article will totally divided into five chapters, the first chapter is preface; the second chapter is primary to discuss the continue existence and value of NATO after Cold War, and in the area of Europe since after World War II, in the attempt in seeking security autonomy, in order to discuss how is NATO successful in transferring of the style in its adaptation after Cold War, and still the defense project of European security has not made any major progress; chapter three is targeted at the factor of European Union in striding into the integration of essence for the defense territory and to proceed with discussion on its meaning, from which it involved national factor, specially is U.S. point of view on the integration of European Union in defense, to further analyze the subject matter created between its integration and NATO; chapter four, from the area of system and ability to discuss the prospects on the autonomy development of European Union security, and the necessary connection displayed between its development and NATO, from which to analyze the reconciliation channel between European Union and NATO; chapter five than is to present research result, to be the conclusion of this article.

第一章 緒論...........................................1
第一節 研究動機.......................................1
第二節 研究目的與範圍.................................3
一、研究目的...........................................3
二、研究範圍...........................................3
第三節 研究方法與流程.................................5
一、研究方法...........................................5
二、研究流程...........................................5
第四節 相關文獻回顧與整理.............................7
一、國內相關文獻.......................................7
二、國外相關文獻.......................................7
第二章 北約的調適與歐盟安全自主的發展.................11
第一節 冷戰結束後北約戰略的改變.......................11
一、北約續存之價值.....................................12
、北約的調適過程.......................................16
三、華盛頓高峰會與北約逐漸形成之任務輪廓...............20
第二節 歐盟安全自主之追求.............................24
一、西歐安全共同體之嘗試...............................25
二、修正超國家主義─政府間之合作.......................29
三、歐洲防衛自立.......................................33
第三節 歐盟發展自主行動之能力.........................38
一、歐洲軍團之建立.....................................39
二、朝向有限之自主----西歐聯盟與歐洲安全暨防衛意識.....42
三、自主之驅動----從聖馬洛-到歐洲安全暨防衛政策........46
第三章 歐盟安全自主之意涵與產生之課題.................50
第一節 發展過程及其意涵...............................52
一、科索沃危機之影響...................................52
二、聖馬洛、華盛頓、科隆高峰會發展之意涵...............55
三、赫爾辛基的轉折點及其後高峰會之安排.................60
第二節 英、法與德三國對安全與防衛之立場...............66
一、英國之中間角色.....................................68
二、法國追求最大程度之自主.............................72
三、德國之平衡者角色...................................76
第三節 美國因素之制約.................................80
一、美國涉入歐洲及其角色...............................80
二、美國對歐盟防衛整合之看法...........................83
三、美國對歐盟發展安全暨防衛政策之疑慮.................87
第四章 歐盟安全自主行動之前景及與北約之調和途徑.......91
第一節 政治與制度之挑戰...............................91
一、建立制度之重要性...................................91
二、歐盟制度之安排.....................................96
三、歐盟制度之問題.....................................101
第二節 歐盟之軍事能力.................................104
一、歐盟軍事能力之建立.................................104
二、歐盟軍事能力問題...................................108
三、歐盟呈現之任務輪廓.................................111
第三節 歐盟與北約關係之調和...........................116
一、歐盟與北約之結構關係...............................116
二、歐盟與北約之角色關係...............................119
三、形塑新的大西洋聯盟.................................122
第五章 結論與建議.....................................124
參考文獻...............................................129
附錄一：北約會員國國防支出.............................附-1
附錄二：北約與歐盟防衛支出的比較.......................附-2
附錄三：研發支出佔國內生產毛額的比例...................附-3

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（一）中文書籍
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沈娟娟，「西歐聯盟發展為歐洲防禦武力之研究」（淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文，1994年6月）。
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