臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本研究係為卡車頭空間舒適度電腦模擬分析。電腦模擬分析利用COMSOL軟體來分析，對卡車內不同送風角度下氣流組織進行三維數值模擬，計算分析探討紊流型進風口位置速度U、V、W、大小、進風溫度、人體溫度與位置，可了解卡車內人員周圍的平均溫度和流速，對於空間流場及舒適性之差異影響。利用場協同理論分析卡車內空調設置位置對人體的舒適度評估並用COMSOL軟體分析場協同角的特性。本研究發現，場協同角越低表示速度場與溫度梯度場越平行對卡車內的人體產生的舒適度越高，也就是說場協同理論可以用來評估卡車內舒適度並提供卡車設計空調的位置的一種指標。
關鍵詞：溫度場、速度場、熱舒適、場協同

Abstract
This study is to simulate thermal comfort of passenger in the specified truck by field synergy principle using turbulence flow to analyze input wind temperature and position, input wind u, v, w, passenger temperature, his position and thermal load. In this research, we use COMSOL software to analyze velocity and temperature fields and comfort impact of input position of wind. The results show that field synergy angle can indicate low angle increase better comfort of passenger in the specified truck
Keywords：heat transfer、thermal comfort、field synergy angle

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 XI
一、前言.......................1
二、研究目的....................2
三、文獻探討...................3
1.室內熱環境影響因素............5
2.空氣溫度.....................5
3.氣流速度.....................5
4.平均輻射溫度..................6
5.濕度.........................6
四、基本理論....................7
4.1 COMSOL數值方法..............7
4.2統御方程式....................8
4.3傳熱強化的場協同原理...........10
4.4場協同理論....................13
4.5收斂準則......................14
4.6 COMSOL運算方法...............14
五、模擬分析......................16
5.1模擬分析-1.....................16
5.1.1 進風口不同位置的場協同角......16
5.2模擬分析-2.....................25
5.2.1 進風口不同位置的場協同角......25
5.3模擬分析-3.....................33
5.3.1 進風口不同位置的場協同角......33
5.4模擬分析-4.....................41
5.4.1 進風口不同位置的場協同角......41
5.5模擬分析-5.....................49
5.5.1 進風口不同位置的場協同角......49
5.6模擬分析-6.....................57
5.6.1 進風口不同位置的場協同角......57
六、結果與討論.....................65
參考文獻..........................66

[1]ASHRAE “thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy, first public review draft“，Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers，2001
[2]ISO 7730. “Moderate thermal environment-determination of the conditions of thermal comfort ” ， Geneva：International Standard Organization，1994
[3]曹國慶，“空調房間3種側送風方式下室內氣流組織的數值模擬與分析” ， 中國建築科學研究院空氣調節研究所論文，pp.45-47，1978
[4]過增元，“對流換熱的物理機制及其控制:速度場與熱流場的協同” ， 科學通報，Vol.45，No.19，pp.2118-2122，2000
[5]過增元、黃素逸，“場協同理論與強化傳熱新技術”，中國電力出版社，pp.1-39，2004
[6]Wan, J.W. and Kooi, J., “Influence of The Position of Supply and Exhaust Openings on Comfort in a Passenger Vehicle”, Int. J. of vehicle Design, Vol. 12, PP.588-597, 1991.
[7]Komoriya, T., “Prediction Method of Passenger’s Thermal Sensation by Numerical Simulation of Air Flow in an Automobile Passenger Compartment”, JSAE Review, Vol. 16, PP.315, 1995
[8]Han, T. ,“Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes Simulation for Passenger Compartment Cooling”, Int. J. of vehicle Design, Vol. 10, No. 2,PP.175-186, 1989.
[9]Lee, S.-J. and Yoon, J.-H. “Temperature Field Measurement of Heated Ventilation Flow in a Vehicle Interior”, Int. J. of Vehicle Design, Vol. 19,No. 2, PP.228-243, 1998.
[10]Kataoka, T. and Nakamura, Y., “Prediction of Thermal Sensation Basedon Simulation of Temperature Distribution in a Vehicle Cabin” Heat Transfer -Asian Research, 2001.
[11]Huang, L., and Han, T., “Validation of 3-D Passenger Compartment Hot Soak and Cool-Down Analysis for Virtual Thermal Comfort Engineering”, SAE Paper, 2002
[12]張泉、袁昊、張國強、鄧天福，“室內人體移動過程對熱舒適的影響研究”， 湖南大學土木工程學院，2007
[13]葉曉江、連之偉、李慈珍、劉遠謀，“室內熱環境、熱舒適與工作效率關系的研究”，上海交通大學製冷與低溫工程研究所，2006
[14]楊茉、趙明、章立新、殷俊、呂樹申、華賁，“場協同與對流換熱的穩定性”，工程熱物理學報，2002
[15]王忠會，“場協同理論指導下的強化換熱”，北京華北電力大學，2003
[16]江學平，“集中熱源對散熱器換熱性能的影響及其解決方案”，南京航空太空飛行大學，2005
[17]陳燕，“強迫對流換熱的傳遞研究”，重慶大學，2006
[18]廖崇文，“不同空調通風路徑對室內空氣與溫熱環境影響之研究”，樹德科技大學應用設計研究所碩士論文，2003
[19]Chang Shiuh-Ming, Chang Yuan-Chih, Li Wen-Chi,Lin Yu-Cun, Lu Wun-Ting, Ma Yi-Ling, Cai-Wan Chang-Jian, “ Optimal Air-Condition Analysis for High Speed Rail Carriage by Field Synergy Principle”, Journal of Professional Mechanical Engineers, Vol.4, No.4, pp.69-76, 2011
[20]Shiuh Ming Chang、Jie Hao Chang、Ming Sung Tsai, “The Submarine Air Condition Optimization by Field Synergy Principle”, Journal of Professional Mechanical Engineers, Vol.3, No.4, pp.44-49,2010
[21]Shiuh Ming Chang、Jie Hao Chang、Jiun Hau Huang, “ Optimization Cooling Fan Position for CPU by Field Synergy Principle”, Journal of Professional Mechanical Engineers, Vol.3, No.3, pp.1-7,2010
[22]Shiuh-Ming Chang, Hsiao-Yi Huang, Bai Jing-Jhih, “Indoor thermal comfort by field synergy principle for air-conditioning”, Journal of Professional Mechanical Engineers, Vol.1, No.4, pp.27-33, 2008
[23]Fanger PO, Toftum J. Extension of the PMV model to non-air conditioned buildings in warm climates. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 3, No. 4 .pp. 6, 2002