臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究收集蒐集1998~2004 年台灣印度洋鮪釣漁船於阿拉伯海海
域捕獲黃鰭鮪的漁獲統計資料，與海表面水溫、海洋水色、海面高度、
降雨量和風速等衛星遙測資料以及該海域垂直水溫資料，並且利用主
成分分析法分析漁況與海洋環境之間變動的關係。結果顯示阿拉伯海
鮪釣漁船的CPUE 與海洋環境因子間有明顯的季節變動。主要漁獲時
間集中於每年2~7 月，平均CPUE 為10.71 尾/千鈎，其中4~5 月為每
年的盛漁期，平均CPUE(標準偏差)值為17.58±9.47 尾/千鈎。
主成分分析結果顯示影響該海域黃鰭鮪CPUE 之因子則與水溫、
溫躍層深度變化、葉綠素a 濃度與漁獲體長有關：
(ㄧ) 水溫與溫躍層深度: 高CPUE 主要發生於每年4~5 月，此時水深
105m 之水溫為21~24°C，溫躍層深度在115~155m，垂直水溫變化較
緩，趨於穩定的海況使得黃鰭鮪CPUE 有正向之變動趨勢，反之當夏
季(6~7 月)西南季風增強，索馬利亞湧昇強度增強時，水溫變低且垂直
水溫變化較劇烈季節，導致CPUE 的下降。
(二) 葉綠素a 濃度: 高漁獲區域主要分布於葉綠素a 濃度值較高的區
域，且該海域內的葉綠素a 濃度與阿拉伯海黃鰭鮪的CPUE 存在著2
個月延遲的正向關係，則表示CPUE 之變動可能與與餌料生物之多寡變動有關。
(三) 漁獲體長：月平均的漁獲體長介於98~145cm 之間，且隨著作業
時間之推移，月平均漁獲體長有增加的現象。又2002 年的CPUE 與體
長小於105cm 之魚群的比率呈正相關關係，且2002 年月平均體長介於
98~112cm 之間，顯示2002 年高CPUE 可能與漁獲體長小於105cm 之
幼魚加入群的比率明顯增加有關。
2004 年在該海域亦有最高漁獲量的現象，其原因則可能因為溫躍層
深度變淺、該海域東西半部海域有相同的溫躍層深度梯度，致使漁獲
量及單位體積內的魚群密度均增加。

Yellow-fin tuna is one of the major target fishes of commercial tuna longline fishery in the Arabian Sea. In this study, we collected the catch statistical data of yellow-fin tuna, water temperature, and satellite-derived
data during the period of 1998 to 2004 for analysis. The satellite-derived data include Sea surface temperature (SST), ocean color, Sea surface height, precipitation images, and wind speed of the Arabian Sea. Principle
components analysis (PCA) is used to investigate the relationship between the fishing condition of yellow-fin tuna and the oceanic environmental factors. The catch data shows that the fishing season began from February
to July, the averaged CPUE (Catch per unit effort) is 10.71 (inds/1000 hooks)， the highest value of mean(±SD) about 17.58(±9.47) (inds/1000 hooks) in April and May.
The result of PCA shows seasonal evolution of CPUE and oceanic condition of the Arabian Sea. The fishing condition of yellow-fin tuna may vary with the water temperature, thermocline depth, the occurrence rate of forge, and the body length. In general, the water temperature at 105 m is
21~24°C and thermocline of 115~155m during the high CPUE period. When the southwesterly monsoon increased with the strong Somalia Basin upwelling, the water temperature changes more quickly and then the CPUE value gradually decreases accordingly. Yellow-fin tuna was much like
inhabited at the oceanic condition in stable, while the shallow thermocline depth less then 125m enhancing the the aggregating density which may cause the highest catch in 2004 in Arabian Sea. At the same time, the positive relationship of 2-month lag of Chl-a concentration and CPUE
suggested the forage concentration of Yellow-fin tuna was also the attracted factors to accumulate the tuna school. The monthly mean body length of yellow-fin tuna is varied about 98cm to 145cm by month and year. The CPUE was also significantly in accordance with the occurrence rate of
young yellow-fin tuna less than 105 cm of body length, as the monthly mean length of yellow-fin caught was varied between 98 to 112 cm in 2002. It suggested the high CPUE in 2002 was associated with the more recruits.

目 錄------------------------------------------ I
表目錄------------------------------------------III
圖目錄------------------------------------------IV
摘要--------------------------------------------VI
Abstract -------------------------------------- VIII
壹、前言----------------------------------------1
ㄧ、印度洋阿拉伯海漁場環境特性------------------1
二、黃鰭鮪的特徵與生態--------------------------2
三、研究目的與動機------------------------------4
貳、材料與方法----------------------------------7
一、衛星遙測資料收集----------------------------7
二、中下層水文環境資----------------------------9
三、漁獲資料收集與分析------------------------ 10
四、主成份分析法------------------------------ 11
參、結果-------------------------------------- 14
一、衛影遙測影像資料-------------------------- 14
1、海水表面溫度------------------------------- 14
2、海表面高度--------------------------------- 14
3、海洋水色----------------------------------- 15
4、降雨量和風速------------------------------- 16
二、中下層水文環境資-------------------------- 18
三、漁獲資料變動------------------------------ 20
1、黃鰭鮪漁獲量與CPUE 之月別變動-------------- 20
2、漁獲體長----------------------------------- 21
四、影響黃鰭鲔月別CPUE 與漁獲量之主要環境因子- 22
肆、結論與討論-------------------------------- 25
一、阿拉伯海域環境特性------------------------ 25
二、環境因子與黃鰭鮪漁況間的關係-------------- 27
三、2004 年黃鰭鮪高漁獲量之探討--------------- 31
謝辭------------------------------------------ 34
參考文獻-------------------------------------- 36

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