臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在本論文中，我們提出了二個應用於影像秘密分享之資料隱藏技術，分別以灰色理論及向量量化為基礎。二者都屬於影像加密的技術，利用影像容許失真的特性來完成影像的藏入，並達到秘密影像安全傳輸的目的。為了避免藏入的影像資料過多而造成藏入後的影像失真過大，必須將欲藏入的影像先做壓縮處理，所以我們提出的技術也具有壓縮的功能。秘密影像經加密後的資料仍是有意義的影像，故可達到影像偽裝的目的，而降低攻擊者對秘密影像的竊取及破壞。在第二個技術中引進了移位壓縮技術 (Shift Compression Scheme)，此壓縮技術不僅提供了簡單且快速的壓縮方法，而且可應用於影像的漸近傳輸上。

In this thesis, we propose two data hiding techniques for image secure sharing scheme. These two schemes, which belong to image encryption technology, are based upon Grey theory and vector quantization (VQ), respectively. By taking the advantage of human virtual system (HVS), the image hiding can be done under a tolerated distortion. Hence, a secure transmission of secret image can be achieved. In order to avoid large distortion caused by the embedded image, a compression of the secret image before the image hiding is needed. Therefore, our scheme not only achieves the image hiding but also the compression. The image encrypted by our scheme is still meaningful. It can achieve the camouflage of image and reduce the effect of illegal stealing or breaking. In the second scheme, we introduce a new compression method that is called shift compression scheme. Not only it provides compression function but it can also be applied to progressive transmission.

Abstract (In Chinese) I
Abstract (In English) II
Contents III
List of Figures V
List of Tables VII
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Image Hiding 3
1.3 Thesis Organization 4
Chapter 2 Background 5
2.1 Grey Modeling Process 5
2.2 Quadtree Scheme 8
Chapter 3 An Image Secure Sharing Scheme Based upon Grey Theory 10
3.1 Introduction 10
3.2 The Algorithms 11
3.3 Image Integration Function 13
3.3.1 Secret Image Process 13
3.3.2 Cover Image Process 16
3.3.3 Integration Process 18
3.4 Image Retrieve Function 20
3.4.1 Cover Image Process 20
3.4.2 Inverse Quadtree Process 20
3.4.3 Recover Secret Image 22
3.5 Experimental Results 23
3.5.1 Experiment of An Effect upon First Element in Original Sequence 23
3.5.2 Experiment on Construction of GM(1,1) Scheme 24
3.5.3 An Experiment of Our Scheme 25
3.6 Conclusions 28
Chapter 4 An Image Secure Sharing Scheme Based upon Vector Quantization 32
4.1 Introduction 32
4.2 The Algorithms 33
4.3 Image Integration Function 34
4.3.1 Original Image Process 35
4.3.2 Virtual Image Process 43
4.3.3 Integration process 49
4.4 Image Retrieve Function 56
4.4.1 Find Embedding Data 56
4.4.2 Recover Image Soa 59
4.4.3 Construction VQ Codebook 60
4.4.4 Retrieve Original Image 61
Chapter 5 An Experiment of Image Secure Sharing Scheme Based upon VQ 63
5.1 An Experiment of Shift Compression 63
5.1.1 Base Function 63
5.1.2 Compression Function 64
5.2 An Experiment of Chen, Chang, and Hwang’s Method 72
5.3 An Experiment of Our Scheme 77
5.3.1 An Experiment of Base Type 77
5.3.2 An Experiment of Shift Compression and Cut Type 84
5.3.3 Improve the Shift Compression and Cut Type 91
5.3.4 Embed O with Size 128 into V with Size 512 103
5.4 Conclusions 104
Chapter 6 Conclusions 105
References 107

[1] Lin, S.D., Chin-Feng Chen, “A robust DCT-based watermarking for copyright protection”, Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 46 Issue: 3, Aug. 2000, Page(s): 415 —421.
[2] Qiusheng Wang, Shenghe Sun, “DCT-based image-independent digital watermarking”, Signal Processing Proceedings, 2000. WCCC-ICSP 2000. 5th International Conference on, Volume: 2, 2000, Page(s): 942 -945 vol.2.
[3] Qiang Cheng, Huang, T.S, “A DCT-domain blind watermarking system using optimum detection on Laplacian model”, Image Processing, 2000. Proceedings. 2000 International Conference on, Volume: 1, 2000, Page(s): 454 -457 vol.1.
[4] Dang, P.P., Chau, P.M, “Image encryption for secure Internet multimedia applications”, Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 46 Issue: 3, Aug. 2000, Page(s): 395 —403.
[5] Chin-Chen Chang, Kuo-Feng Hwang, Min-Shiang Hwang, “A block based digital watermarks for copy protection of images”, Communications, 1999. APCC/OECC '99. Fifth Asia-Pacific Conference on ... and Fourth Optoelectronics and Communications Conference, Volume: 2, 1999, Page(s): 977 -980 vol.2.
[6] Min-Shiang Hwang, Chin-Chen Chang, Kuo-Feng Hwang, “A watermarking technique based on one-way hash functions”, Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 45 Issue: 2, May 1999, Page(s): 286 —294.
[7] Chin-Chen Chang, Hsien-Chu Wu, “Computing watermarks from images using quadtrees”, Parallel and Distributed Systems: Workshops, Seventh International Conference on, 2000, 2000, Page(s): 123 —128.
[8] Jyh-Qiang Ye, “The Study of Copyright Protection Schemes for Digital Images”, thesis, 2001.
[9] Xia-Mu Niu, Sheng-He Sun, “Multiresolution digital watermarking for still image”, Neural Networks for Signal Processing X, 2000. Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop, Volume: 2, 2000, Page(s): 547 -556 vol.2.
[10] Ding-Yun Chen, Ming Ouhyoung, Ja-Ling Wu, “A shift-resisting public watermark system for protecting image processing software”, Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 46 Issue: 3, Aug. 2000, Page(s): 404 —414.
[11] Xia-Mu Niu, Zhe-Ming Lu, Sheng-He Sun, “Digital watermarking of still images with gray-level digital watermarks”, Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 46 Issue: 1, Feb. 2000, Page(s): 137 —145.
[12] Tung-Shou Chen, Chin-Chen Chang, Min-Shiang Hwang, “A virtual image cryptosystem based upon vector quantization”, Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 7 Issue: 10, Oct. 1998, Page(s): 1485 —1488.
[13] Cheng-Hsiung Hsieh, “Grey Image Integration”, 中華民國資訊學會通訊, 2000.
[14] Kuo-Huang Lin, Bin-Da Liu, “The Grey-Based Stochastic Models to Predict the Optimum Calibration Interval in an Instrument”, 灰色系統理論與應用研討會, 1998.
[15] 吳漢雄、鄧聚龍、溫坤禮，灰色分析入門，高立圖書公司，1996。
[16] 張真誠、黃國峰、陳同孝，電子影像技術，松崗出社，2000。
[17] 陳同孝、張真誠、黃國峰，數位影像處理技術，松崗出社，2001。