臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目前一般市售電子血壓計皆使用振盪法，使用壓脈帶阻斷血管血流，以壓力感測器偵測壓脈帶內微小之壓力變化，為提升舒適度與監測血壓變化趨勢，近幾年有學者使用脈波傳遞速度原理開發連續非加壓式的血壓量測系統。這些系統使用雙手量測ECG的Lead I心電訊號，配合指夾式PPG，測量心電圖R波與PPG特徵點之間的時間差，推估血管收縮壓。然而，這種雙手ECG與指夾式PPG的量測方法，會造成雙手不便與指尖長時間壓迫，而感到不方便與不舒服。
因此，我們提出單手臂心電圖取代傳統Lead I 心電圖，手臂反射式光體積變化(Photoplethysmogram , PPG)取代手指穿透式PPG。我們先在9位健康受測者(25.1±4.3321歲)建立脈波傳遞速率之血壓模型，然後以10 位正常人( 41.6±14.2歲)與12為高血壓患者(52.75±10.1歲) 作為驗證，估測血壓誤差結果在正常人與病人分別為1.71±1.34%與5.71±4.54%。本研究已經可以達到接近實際使用的程度，未來期待本論文之研究方法能改良後套用在穿戴式裝置上，使血壓量測更便利與更準確。

Most of the current commercial electronic sphygmomanometers use the oscillometric method. The oscillometic method occludes blood flow by using the inflatable cuff, and using a piezoelectric pressure sensor to detected the pulsatility in arterial wall. To improve the user’s comfort and monitor the short term trend of blood pressure, in recent years, some researchers propose a novel cuffless blood pressure measurement system by using the pulse wave velocity (PWV) technique. These measurement system measure Lead I ECG from both hands and the fingertip PPG, and then calculate the Systolic blood pressure (SBP) by compute the time delay between the electrocardiogram (ECG) R peak and the Photo-plethysmography (PPG) characteristics. However, the measurement of ECG from both hands is inconvenient and the clip of fingertip PPG is uncomfortable after long-time use.
Therefore, in this study, we proposed a novel system by measuring single-arm ECG and wrist reflectance-based PPG. We first create a SBP estimation model from nine health subjects (mean ages = 25.1±4.3321 years-old), and the apply the model on ten normal subjects (mean ages = 41.6±14.2 years-old) and twelve hypertension patients (mean ages = 52.75±10.1 years-old). The estimated error in the ten normal subjects and the twelve hypertension patients are 1.71±1.34% and 5.71±4.54%, respectively, which demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system. Future work will apply our method on wearable devices in order to provide a convenient and accurate way for long-term SBP monitoring.

摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACTⅡ
致謝 Ⅲ
目錄 Ⅳ
圖目錄 Ⅴ
表目錄 Ⅵ
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-2-1 單手臂心電圖 2
1-2-2 脈搏傳遞速度 3
1-3 研究動機與目的 3
1-4 論文章節架構 4
第二章 原理簡介 5
2-1 脈搏傳遞速度 5
2-2 血壓 5
2-3 光體積變化圖 6
2-4 心電圖 7
2-5 心電訊號原理 7
2-6 單手臂心電圖 9
第三章 研究設計與實驗方法 12
3-1 實驗量測系統架構 12
3-1-1 硬體架構介紹 12
3-1-2 血壓量測裝置 13
3-2 單手臂心電圖量測 16
3-3 脈搏傳遞速度 17
3-4 正常受測者實驗 19
3-5 壢新醫院(IRB)實驗 19
3-6 演算法分析架構 19
3-6-1 心電圖R波偵測 20
3-6-2 抓取光容積波形圖特徵點 21
3-7 收縮壓與脈搏傳遞速度關係式 22
第四章 實驗結果 24
4-1 正常人運動實驗結果 24
4-2 正常人靜止實驗結果 26
4-3 壢新醫院高血壓患者實驗結果 28
4-4 實驗再現性 30
第五章 結論與未來展望 31
參考文獻 32

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