臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本研究的主要目的為針對船舶振動量測技術進行開發出一套完整量測分析系統。為配合船舶局部振動量測分析需符合ISO6954:1984或ISO6954:2000法規，本研究已順利建立系統分析功能配合振動量測法規之需求，並且可以在即時(Real Time)處理過程中與法規標準值相比。藉由推進軸轉速偵測，進行主機及螺旋槳轉速階次分析，以確定振動的來源。
本研究以LabVIEW(Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench)軟體平台，進行整合『圖形化軟體』與『模組化硬體平台』。在軟體方面本研究已成功建置一套完整振動量測及頻譜分析程式，在硬體方面為了進行同時多點位置之量測與分析，所以本研究使用NI-9234擷取卡搭配 NI Compact DAQ-9188乙太網路模組來進行量測擷取訊號數據。經由程式內部設計將資料即時整合處理及分析。
本研究已進行各項目的驗證，包含長距離訊號品質的測試、主機轉速及階次分析的測試、應用有限元素方法(FEM)驗證程式模態分析功能。經由功能驗證及實船量測分析結果以確保程式功能分析之正確性、系統運作的穩定性，廣泛應用於其他領域的振動量測分析。

關鍵詞 : 船體振動、量測系統、資料擷取、階次分析、模態分析

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop a complete measurement and analysis system for the hull vibration. For local vibration of ship, the measurement requests to conform with ISO 6954:1984 or ISO 6954:2000 specifications, to address this issue this study has been successfully estab- lished a feature of analysis. Thus can be processing and analyzing real time data. In addition, order analysis method is used for establishing the relationship between the vibration amplitude and the rotation speed of main engine and propeller.
This investigation had integrated the LabVIEW graphical language and modular hardware to develop an effective measurement and analysis system. The hardware adopted data acquisition NI - 9234. The Compact DAQ-9188 has been used for simultaneous measure multi-position. Through connected and internal designed, the system could be processing and integrating data immediately.
Field tests were conducted in measurement to verify the performance of the system, including effect of cable to signal quality, rotation speed confirming, applying finite element method to conform modal testing. Otherwise, the result revealed on the shipboard vibration is proven this system could be stability operating, then the system fulfills the practical application demands also widely applies in different areas of vibration measurement.

Key words: Hull vibration, Measurement system, Data acquisition,Order analysis, Modal analysis

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 振動量測法規 3
1.4 本文架構 5
第二章 研究方法 6
2.1 台船船體振動量測現況分析 6
2.2 振動儀器發展現況評估 8
2.3 系統架構 10
2.3.1 硬體配備規劃 11
2.3.2 程式功能規劃 17
第三章 程式設計之相關理論 18
3.1 訊號處理基本理論 18
3.1.1 取樣定理 18
3.1.2 快速傅利葉轉換 19
3.1.3 平滑窗口 22
3.2 法規船舶艙室適居性評估 24
3.2.1 ISO6954:1984法規 25
3.2.2 ISO6954:2000法規 27
3.3 轉速階次分析 31
3.3.1 固定轉速階次分析 32
3.3.2 連續轉速階次分析 32
3.4 船體振動模態分析 35
第四章 圖控式程式設計 36
4.1 圖控式程式開發 36
4.2 程式設計 38
4.2.1 量測參數設定 38
4.2.2 量測分析功能設計 39
4.3 程式包裝 43
第五章 系統驗證 47
5.1 長距離訊號品質測試 47
5.2 法規加權程式測試 50
5.2.1 ISO 6954:1984法規測試 51
5.2.2 ISO 6954:2000法規測試 54
5.3 轉速階次分析測試 58
5.3.1 固定轉速階次分析測試 59
5.3.2 連續轉速階次分析測試 64
5.4 振動模態測試 70
5.4.1 實驗模態量測分析測試 70
5.4.2 工作模態量測分析測試 78
第六章 結論與未來展望 90
6.1 結論 90
6.2 未來展望 91
參考文獻 92

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