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研究生:陳德治
研究生(外文):Te-Chih Chen
論文名稱:溫泉與冷水域日本樹蛙的生殖及其蝌蚪溫度生理學之比較
論文名稱(外文):A comparative study of the reproduction and tadpole thermal physiology between the cold water and hot spring populations of Japanese buerger''s frog (Buergeria japonica)
指導教授:林曜松林曜松引用關係關永才關永才引用關係
指導教授(外文):Yao-Sung LinYeong-Choy Kam
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:動物學研究所
學門:生命科學學門
學類:生物學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:1999
畢業學年度:87
語文別:中文
論文頁數:66
中文關鍵詞:日本樹蛙溫泉生殖溫度生理氧氣消耗量溫度耐受度
外文關鍵詞:Buergeria japonicahot springreproductionthermal physiologyoxygen consumptionthermal toleranceCTM
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:6
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  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:6
日本樹蛙是台灣產30種無尾目兩生類中唯一會在溫泉及一般冷水域進行生殖的種類,其生殖棲地間水溫全年差距都在10℃以上。本研究的目的在探討(一)在不同溫度環境下生殖的日本樹蛙族群是否已有差異產生,(二)日本樹蛙選擇溫泉生殖可能獲得的好處,及(三)日本樹蛙面臨溫泉的高溫環境有何適應對策。我分別從宜蘭縣仁澤溫泉及嘉義縣觸口(冷水域)採集蝌蚪回實驗室,在22、32、40℃下馴化10∼12天後,測量比較二個族群(1)蝌蚪的氧氣消耗量、(2)蝌蚪的溫度耐受度,及(3)蝌蚪的成長速率。我並在野外觀察生殖行為及採集假交配中的母蛙回實驗室測量生殖特徵,比較二個族群的(4)生殖季節和(5)生殖特徵。結果顯示溫泉與冷水域的日本樹蛙族群在蝌蚪的溫度耐受度上可能已有基因遺傳上的差異;生殖季節、母蛙的生殖特徵也有顯著的差異,但只是對不同環境的適應結果;而蝌蚪的氧氣消耗量和成長速率則沒有差異。所以日本樹蛙生存在溫泉與冷水域的族群,為了適應不同的環境溫度,已有部份的的差異存在,但大致而言,二個族群仍是相同的。日本樹蛙選擇溫泉生殖的好處顯然是因為溫泉的溫度和水量均較冷水域穩定,所以生殖季節較長,母蛙可以有較多的機會產卵,有較多的子代。另外在溫泉中,蝌蚪沒有掠食和競爭壓力,可以盡量成長到最大的體型時才變態,有利於幼蛙的存活率及日後的生殖適應性。日本樹蛙對溫泉高溫低氧環境的適應可能包括蝌蚪有較高的溫度耐受度及母蛙產下較小的卵以增加卵的表面積/體積比例等策略。
致謝……………………………………………………… Ⅰ
摘要……………………………………………………… Ⅱ
目錄……………………………………………………… Ⅲ
表目錄…………………………………………………… Ⅴ
圖目錄…………………………………………………… Ⅵ
壹、文獻探討………………………………………… 1
貳、前言……………………………………………… 4
參、材料與方法……………………………………… 7
一、實驗動物簡介…………………………………‥ 7
二、實驗地點描述…………………………………‥ 7
三、實驗內容………………………………………‥ 9
(Ⅰ)蝌蚪的氧氣消耗量………………………‥ 9
(Ⅱ)蝌蚪的溫度耐受度……………………… 12
(Ⅲ)蝌蚪的成長情形…………………………‥ 13
(Ⅳ)母蛙生殖特徵……………………………‥ 13
(Ⅴ)生殖季節…………………………………‥ 14
(Ⅵ)氣候狀況…………………………………‥ 14
(Ⅶ)蝌蚪飼養裝置……………………………‥ 14
四、統計與分析……………………………………‥ 15
肆、結果……………………………………………… 17
一、生殖棲地溫度…………………………………‥ 17
二、氧氣消耗量……………………………………‥ 17
三、溫度耐受度……………………………………‥ 18
四、成長情形………………………………………‥ 18
五、生殖季節………………………………………‥ 19
六、雌蛙生殖特徵…………………………………‥ 20
伍、討論……………………………………………… 21
一、在不同溫度環境下生殖的日本樹蛙族群是否
已有差異 ……………………………………‥ 21
二、日本樹蛙選擇溫泉生殖可能獲得的好處…‥ 24
三、日本樹蛙面臨溫泉的高溫環境有何適應對策…26
陸、結論……………………………………………… 29
柒、引用文獻………………………………………… 31
表一∼表十一………………………………………… 40
圖一∼圖九…………………………………………… 51
表 目 錄
表一、觸口與仁澤地區每月氣溫與水溫之雙因子變異數
分析結果 …………………………………………… 40
表二、觸口與仁澤地區日夜與四季氣溫與水溫之雙因子
變異數分析 ………………………………………… 41
表三、觸口與仁澤3、6、9、12月的氣溫與水溫日均溫
……………………………………………………………… 42
表四、觸口與仁澤地區以體重作共變異數處理調整後的
日本樹蛙蝌蚪氧氣消耗量之雙因子變異數分析結果
……………………………………………………………… 43
表五、觸口與仁澤日本樹蛙蝌蚪氧氣消耗量的Q10及雙因子
變異數分析結果 …………………………………… 44
表六、日本樹蛙蝌蚪體重和發育期的相關係數
…………………………‥‥‥‥‥‥……………………… 45
表七、日本樹蛙蝌蚪溫度耐受度對體重及發育期之迴歸
分析結果(stepwise procedure)………………… 46
表八、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙蝌蚪溫度耐受度分別以
體重及發育期為共變數之共變異數分析結果
………………………………………………………………… 47
表九、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙蝌蚪不同溫度下馴養的體長
以第0天體長為共變數之共變異數分析結果
………………………………………………………………… 48
表十、日本樹蛙蝌蚪不同飼養溫度下的成長體長之雙因子
變異數分析結果 …………………………………… 49
表十一、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙雌蛙形質t-test檢驗結果
………………………………………………………………… 50
圖 目 錄
圖一、測量蝌蚪氧氣消耗量之開放式流動系統示意圖…………51
圖二、飼養蝌蚪的開放式循環系統示意圖………………………52
圖三、觸口與仁澤地區水溫及氣溫比較圖………………………53
圖四、觸口與仁澤地區24小時氣溫與水溫比較圖…………… 54
圖五、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙蝌蚪的氧氣消耗量比較圖… 55
圖六、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙蝌蚪的溫度耐受度比較圖… 56
圖七、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙蝌蚪的成長比較圖……………57
圖八、日本樹蛙蝌蚪在不同馴養溫度下的成長比較圖…………58
圖九、觸口與仁澤地區日本樹蛙母蛙生殖特徵比較圖…………59
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