臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文以求解串接式多階層變流器之最佳開關導通角為研究主題，串接式多階層變流器各個功率開關可分擔所承受之電壓，適合應用在高功率環境中，然為使其輸出波形接近弦波，必須使用調變策略，其中步級調變中諧波最佳化階梯波形策略，可降低開關切換頻率，但在計算最佳開關導通角需求解非線性方程式，這在即時應用上便需要有快速求解的演算法才能實現。
為了能快速求解串接式多階層變流器之諧波最佳化階梯波形的最佳開關導通角，本論文提出一種結合標準粒子群演算法與互補概念粒子群演算法的改良式粒子群演算法，其中目標函式是採用滿足諧波最佳化問題的KKT必要條件式之平方總和。論文分別以MATLAB及FPGA硬品迴路實現演算法，並以Simulink建構串接式多階層變流器模型來進行模擬及分析效能。由於目標函式中避開總諧波失真率計算及開根號計算，加上改善了粒子速度更新方式，使得所提方法比標準粒子群演算法有較快的收斂速度。

The optimal switch conduction angle to solve the cascade multilevel inverter is regarded as the research subject in this study. The voltage on the power switches of a cascade multilevel inverter could be applied to high-power environments. Nevertheless, it is necessary to use the modulation strategy to have the output waveform approach sine waves, where the harmonic optimization staircase waveform strategy in step modulation could reduce the switching frequency. However, nonlinear equations need to be solved for calculating the optimal switch conduction angle. A rapid solving algorithm is required for the real-time application.
To rapidly solve the optimal switch conduction angle for the harmonic optimization staircase waveform of a cascade multilevel inverter, a modified particle swarm optimization, which combines standard particle swarm optimization and complementary particle swarm optimization, is proposed in this study, where the objective function applies the sum of squares of KKT prerequisite for satisfying the harmonic optimization. The optimization is implemented with MATLAB and FPGA hardware-in-the-loop, and Simulink is used for constructing the cascade multilevel inverter model for the simulation and analysis efficacy. Since total harmonic distortion calculation and square root calculation are avoided in the objective function and the particle velocity update is improved, the proposed method appear faster speed of convergence than standard particle swarm optimization does.

致謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目 錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 論文架構 4
1.4 論文貢獻 6
第二章 多階層變流器架構及調變策略 7
2.1 多階層變流器基本觀念與原理 9
2.2 二極體箝位式多階層變流器 13
2.3 飛輪電容式多階層變流器 15
2.4 串接式多階層變流器 18
2.5 混合全橋式變流器 19
2.6 新型串接式多階層變流器 21
2.7 正弦波脈波寬度調變及空間向量調變 [26][30][31] 22
2.8 步級調變(Step Modulation) [29] 26
第三章 粒子群演算法(PSO)簡介 31
3.1 傳統與標準粒子群演算法 31
3.2 具收縮因子之粒子群演算法(KPSO)[37] 33
3.3 量子粒子群演算法(QPSO)[37] 33
3.4 隨機權重權衡粒子群演算法(SWT_PSO) 34
第四章 串接式多階層變流器最佳導通角之演算法 37
4.1 相等獨立直流電壓變流器最佳導通角之目標函式 37
4.2 改良式粒子群演算法 42
第五章 硬品迴路介紹及實驗結果與討論 53
5.1 RT-LAB軟體介紹[42] 53
5.2 改良式粒子群演算法MATLAB/SIMULINK模擬結果 55
5.3 改良式粒子群演算法FPGA模擬結果 72
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 83
參考文獻 84

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