臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出一新穎供獵能器使用之低漣波雙導通時間降壓電路。本文針對切換式降壓穩壓電路之固定導通時間(Constant-On-Time, COT)控制技術進行探討與模擬實作。傳統之固定導通時間控制技術存有潛在的效率與漣波權衡限制，因而本論文提出「雙導通時間控制」（Dual On-Time）技術。利用兩個不同導通時間控制，可提供設計者在簡單之架構下，藉優化過程設計出最佳的導通時間，在極輕負載下同時實現低漣波且維持高效率的降壓穩壓電路。
本文中所模擬的雙導通時間控制電路工作電壓範圍為2.2 V ~ 3.3 V，負載電流範圍為0.5 mA ~ 2 mA，最大模擬轉換效率為94.6%；輸出電壓為1.3 V，輸出漣波〈 30 mV，在負載電流為0.05 mA時，模擬轉換效率仍有80%以上；適合於獵能技術之應用。

In this thesis, a novel low-ripple dual on-time (DOT) buck circuit for energy harvesters. Constant on-time (Constant-On-Time, COT)-typed control technologies for buck switching regulator circuits is investigated, simulated, and implemented. There are potential tradeoff limitations between efficiency and ripple for traditional constant on-time control technologies, so this thesis presents a 'Dual On-Time' (DOT) technology. By using two different on-time periods, the designer can achieve high efficiency buck regulator circuit while maintaining low ripple in an ultra-light load after optimization based on the simple architecture.
The proposed DOT control circuit is operated at the voltage ranging from 2.2 V to 3.3 V in simulation. The load current ranges from 0.5 mA to 2 mA. The maximum conversion efficiency is achieved to 94.6%. The output voltage is 1.3 V, and the output ripple is less than 30 mV. At the load current of 0.05 mA, simulated conversion efficiency remains more than 80%, so the proposed DOT circuit is suitable for energy harvesting technologies.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 目標與貢獻 2
1.4 論文架構 3
第二章 切換式降壓穩壓器的漣波控制技術 4
2.1 漣波控制技術[4]~ [6] 4
2.1.1 遲滯控制 5
2.1.2 固定導通/固定不導通時間控制 7
2.1.3 自適性導通時間控制[9] 13
2.1.4 電壓平方控制 14
2.1.5 特性比較與討論 16
2.2 漣波控制技術衍生的問題與改善方法 17
2.2.1 稍差的輸出電壓調節率 17
2.2.2 切換頻率不固定 19
2.2.3 極輕載下的效率表現 20
2.3 漣波控制降壓型轉換器之研究現況與討論 22
2.3.1 遲滯控制近年來相關研究 23
2.3.2 固定導通時間控制近年來相關研究 23
2.3.3 自適性導通/不導通時間控制近年來相關研究 24
2.3.4 電壓平方控制近年相關研究 25
第三章 固定導通時間控制電路設計與模擬 26
3.1 典型Power IC設計[22][23] 26
3.1.1 類比補償器設計[24][25] 27
3.1.2 PD補償設計 29
3.1.3 PI補償的設計考量 30
3.1.4 PID補償 32
3.2 系統架構 33
3.3 電路設計與模擬 33
3.2.1 固定導通時間控制器 33
3.2.2 比較器電路 35
3.2.3 零電流偵測電路 38
3.2.1 緩振盪電路 40
3.2.2 功率電晶體 40
第四章 雙導通時間控制 43
4.1 固定導通時間控制的潛在缺點 43
4.2 新型導通時間控制 45
4.2.1 Dual on Time與Pulse Train的差異 47
4.3 系統架構 48
4.4 整體電路模擬結果 54
4.4.1 線性調節度 (Line Regulation) 58
4.4.2 負載調節度(Load Regulation) 58
4.4.3 切換負載時的暫態響應 59
4.4.4 轉換效率 60
4.4.5 輸出漣波與效率 65
4.5 晶片佈局考量 66
4.5.1 晶片佈局 67
4.5.2 量測規劃 67
4.6 晶片量測結果 (COT) 71
第五章：結論與未來規劃 74
5.1 結論 74
5.2 未來改進方向 74
參考文獻 75

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