臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討不同的溫度、溼度、族群生物量、巢材處理等因子，對於黃肢散白蟻 (Reticulitermes flaviceps Oshima)及黑翅土白蟻 (Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki)呼吸速率的影響。試驗結果顯示兩種白蟻的呼吸速率會隨溫度升高而提高，黑翅土白蟻的呼吸速率在各溫度下皆高於黃肢散白蟻；此外，在低溫時黑翅土白蟻會有群體效應產生，而黃肢散白蟻並沒有發現此種情形。而在不同的溼度環境下，此兩種白蟻皆會受到低溼度的影響而使呼吸速率降低，其中黑翅土白蟻對於溼度變化的反應較黃肢散白蟻強烈。而在巢材的影響上，完整的巢材對於兩種白蟻皆有提高呼吸速率的作用，但隔離巢材及消毒巢材對兩種白蟻的影響則完全不同。

Effects of temperature, humidity, population biomass, and nest materials on the respiratory rate of termites Reticulitermes flaviceps Oshima and Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki were studied. The respiratory rate of Odontotermes formosanus was significantly higher than that of Reticulitermes flaviceps under four constant temperatures. In low temperature, Odontotermes formosanus with a larger population biomass consumed more oxygen than the same species with a small population biomass, indicating that group effects may involved in the process of respiration. The respiratory rate was also influenced by humidity. In low humidity, respiratory rate of Odontotermes formosanus would had a more significant decrease than that of Reticulitermes flaviceps. When termites incubated with their intact nest materials in the incubation vessel, the respiratory rates of these two species were rising significantly. However, screened or sterilized nest materials had distinct effects on the respiratory rates of these termites.

壹、緒言...................................1
貳、往昔研究...............................3
一、白蟻的食性分類及概述...................3
二、白蟻之氣體釋出研究.....................4
三、環境條件對呼吸之影響...................7
參、材料與方法............................11
一、研究對象..............................11
二、氣相層析儀之操作和設定................11
三、白蟻的採集處理與試驗器材設計..........12
四、溫度對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............16
五、族群大小白蟻對呼吸速率之影響..........16
六、溼度對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............16
七、巢材對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............17
肆、結果..................................18
一、試驗過程對白蟻之影響..................18
二、溫度對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............18
三、族群大小對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..........23
四、溼度對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............24
五、巢材對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............25
伍、討論..................................27
一、群體效應是否影響呼吸速率..............27
二、溫度對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............28
三、溼度對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............29
四、巢材對白蟻呼吸速率之影響..............30
五、試驗過程對白蟻之影響..................31
陸、結論..................................32
柒、參考文獻..............................33
捌、誌謝..................................39

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