臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

對於小型垂直軸風車而言，效率的提升可增加對水平軸風車的競爭力。風力發電系統效率取決於葉片的功率係數、發電機效率、控制電路的耗損及最佳化控制法則。理想的風車具有高升力係數的翼型及輕量化以提升風車的輸出功率。另外兩繞組式發電機可在大部分的轉速下維持高效率。為提升風力發電機組的發電效率，本論文採用翼型為NACA3418與NACA0018 的直線翼垂直軸風車，直接連結具1kW 及3kW 兩獨立繞組的永磁同步發電機以組成4kW 風力發電機組。同時選用背對背電壓源變流器控制發電機的運作，以最大功率點追蹤為最佳化控制法則，調控風車的功率係數維持在最大值。經由風場測試後發現此風力發電系統其發電效率最大值為0.272。顯示4kW 垂直軸風力發電系統擁有不亞於水平軸風車的發電效率。

Increase in the power efficiency of a small vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) elevates its potential that compares with a horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT). The power efficiency depends on the power coefficient of the wind turbine, the efficiency of the generator, the loss of the control circuits, and the algorithm of the optimal control. A good turbine has an airfoil with a high lift coefficient and is constructed by composite material to increase the power and to decrease the mass of the turbine. Besides, a generator having two windings keeps high efficiency at a lot of rotational speeds. To maximize the electricity output of the wind turbine system, this thesis used a straight wing non-articulated VAWT having the airfoils NACA3418 and NACA0018 and directly coupled a permanent magnet synchronous generator having 1kW winding and 3kW winding with the turbine as a 4kW wind power system. Meanwhile, a back to back voltage source converter controls the operation of the generator. A maximum power point tracking adapts the wind turbine so that it gives its best performance. The maximum efficiency of the wind power system is 0.272 through field tests. The results demonstrate that the 4kW small VAWT system has the same potential as the small HAWT.

致謝 I
摘要 II
ABSTRACT III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機與目的 1
1.3台灣風力發電之歷史回顧與現況 5
第二章 風機控制系統 8
2.1 風力發電機原理 8
2.2永磁同步發電機控制 8
2.2.1 雙繞組式發電機 9
2.3 風力發電機轉速控制 11
2.3風力發電機功率控制 12
2.4 風力發電機控制電路 14
2.5 二次電池充、放電控制 15
2.6煞車控制系統 17
2.7 風力發電系統軟體與硬體整合 20
第三章 最大功率點追蹤 25
3.1 最大功率點追蹤(MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING,MPPT) 25
3.2 MPPT控制算法之步驟 26
第四章 數據分析 28
第五章 結論 32
5.1 結論 32
5.2 未來展望 32
參考文獻 33

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