臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

蘭嶼雅美族在傳統建築與RC建築間，往往選擇方便的RC建築，且由於蘭嶼無須電費，造成空調對於環境溫度影響，忽略傳統建築原有的散熱設計，對於自然通風綠建築的理念下，需多數人學習接受前人的智慧綠建築。
本研究使用CFD軟體與縮尺模型對傳統蘭嶼居屋，進行模擬與風洞實驗，不影響原有建築情況下，假設與原建築不同的通風情況，探討室內熱舒適性，評估蘭嶼傳統建築與自然通風之關係。
由CFD模擬結果可知，若擁有涼台與工作房(夏屋)的情況下，可增加約2.6%風阻，由實驗結果可知，擁有工作房(夏屋)之情況下，將可降低約12.5%入口平均風速。
對於工作房其房中房設計，房間兩旁走道的存在性，由模擬結果可知，約可降低1℃，降低為原溫度的96.4%；由實驗結果可知，約可降低0.8℃，降低為原溫度的97.1%，證實兩旁走道的存在性對於房間內部之影響。

The Yami’s people on Lanyu often choose the convenience RC buildings between the traditional architecture and the RC architecture, because of free electricity. However, this choice also causes increased ambient temperatures due to air conditioning, in addition to ignoring the original thermal design of the traditional architecture. Most of people need to learn the ancient wisdoms about green house on natural ventilation for sustainability.
The research focuses on using both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and scale model tests for the Yami’s building. The goal is to explore the thermal comfort and the relationship between the Lanyu building and the natural ventilation.
CFD simulation results show that an increase in drag of 2.6% for the main house with the working and summer cooling places. The experimental results show a reduction of about 12.5% in the average entrance wind speed with the addition of working place.
For the configuration with working place, the temperature of both sides of the atrium room reduces about 1 ℃ on the from the CFD simulation, a reduction to the 96.4% of the original temperature; whereas experimentally it reduces by about 0.8 ℃, a reduction to 97.1% of the original one. Hence, both sides of the room affect the temperature of the atrium room.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 V
目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機與目的......................3
1-3 文獻回顧......................3
1-3-1蘭嶼島嶼人文風情文獻回顧.................3
1-3-2計算流體力學文獻回顧....................6
1-3-3風洞實驗相關文獻....................15
第二章 理論基礎 20
2-1蘭嶼氣候特徵.........................20
2-2建築通風原理...............................24
2-2-1風力通風(Cross ventilation)......................24
2-2-2浮力通風(Stack ventilation)......................24
2-2-3單側通風(Single-Sided ventilation).............25
2-3室內環境因子指標評估..................26
第三章 數值模擬........................31
3-1 前言..................................31
3-2流體假設...........................31
3-3統御方程式................................32
3-3-1 流場統御方程式...........................32
3-3-2紊流模式.........................33
3-3-3熱輻射模式.....................34
3-3-4太陽負載模式......................38
3-3-5鬆弛係數與收斂標準...................44
3-4 數值方法.........................38
3-4-1流域建立.......................38
3-4-2網格建立.......................40
3-4-3邊界條件設定.............. .......41
3-4-4計算方法之選用與參數設定...............41
3-5流場與熱場分析.......................44
3-5-1變因設定與討論....................44
3-5-2模擬流場觀測........................44
3-5-3模擬溫度流場觀測...................46
3-5-4 不同情況下模擬風阻觀測...............47
第四章 實驗方法與設備....................49
4-1 實驗方法.........................49
4-2實驗模型..........................50
4-3實驗設備..........................53
4-4實驗設置..........................57
4-5 風洞入口條件設定.....................58
第五章 變因設定與結果討論..................59
5-1前言............................59
5-2不同實驗設置條件之探討................60
5-2-1 風洞入口條件平均性實驗..................60
5-2-2模型工作房(夏屋)降溫實驗.................61
5-2-2-1 五點量測實驗...................62
5-2-2-2 九點量測實驗...................65
5-2-3 主屋(冬屋)風阻實驗................68
第六章 結論與建議.........................73
6-1 結論...........................73
6-2 建議..............................74
參考文獻............................75

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