臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要探討高分子鏈網狀結構對其微觀變形機制的影響。藉由纖化區的微頸縮機制和原子力顯微鏡的高解析能力可以了解高分子應變集中時的微觀變形機制，求得纖化區內的孔隙率並證明纖化區內的微纖束是以最密堆積方式排列。配合Bridgman力學計算更可以纖化區的應力應變曲線。由纖化區內應變速率分佈可以求得纖化區應變硬化的臨界應變，並藉由改變分子網狀結構的交纏密度來分析高分子鏈的運動情形。本論文也嘗試將脆性高分子薄膜包夾在兩層韌性高分子薄膜中來探討脆性高分子薄膜纖化區頸縮機制被抑制時的變形行為。脆性高分子纖化區的頸縮機制被抑制時，脆性高分子可以被拉伸到很大的形變而不會產生應變集中並具有超塑性現象。三層高分子薄膜的超塑性現象與外層韌性高分子薄膜的厚度有關。隨著外層PPO薄膜厚度減少時，三層薄膜結構會產生明顯的韌脆轉換。為了解釋三層薄膜結構的超塑性現象，本論文由脆性高分子頸縮的剪應力和韌性高分子的束縛力推導超塑性的力學模型。力學模型預測的結果與實驗相符。

In this thesis, the micronecking mechanism of the craze is correlated with the molecular chain network and the entanglement density of the chain network will affect the deformation of polymer thin film. In addition, a new model of the strain localization of polymer thin film is explored. By suppressing the trend of strain localization the brittle polymer thin film can be toughened and demonstrate a super-plastic behavior. The void fraction in the fully necked craze region was determined and a close-packed fibril structure was then concluded. The local stress and strain within the craze were obtained from AFM topographic data by the Bridgman’s plasticity analysis. The stress / strain curve of craze fibrillation was subsequently determined where an apparent strain softening was found in the initiation of fibrillation. Strain rate was found to peak at the craze boundaries, consistent with the surface drawing mechanism from TEM results. We further exploited the necking characteristic of crazing by sandwiching the craze-forming brittle polymer film between two ductile polymer films to examine the deformation behavior of the brittle polymer which necking is suppressed. The super-plastic behavior is remarkably dependent on the thickness of the outer ductile polymer layers. When the outer-layer thickness is less than a critical thickness, the brittle polymer film in combination with the sandwich structure demonstrated a different degree of strain localization with the critical strain increased with the thickness of the outer-layer. A sharp ductile-brittle transition in the sandwich thin film structure was observed as the PPO thickness decreased. A simple mechanical model built upon the competition between the necking force, associated with crazing, and the constraining force, due to the ductile films, was utilized to analyze the stability of this super-plasticity. The result of the mechanical analysis is in good agreement with the experimental data.

封面
中文摘要
Abstract
Preface
Chapter I. Crazing Micro-mechanism in Glassy Atactic Polystyrene and its Blends with Poly(2,6dimethyl,1,4-diphenyl oxides) by AFM
1.1. INTRODUCTION
1.2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
1.3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
1.3.1 The micro-necking mechanism of the craze
1.3.2 The stress distribution in the crazed region
1.3.3 The micro-drawing process during crazing:　　
1.3.4 Effect of entanglement network structure　　
1.4. CONCLUSIONS
1.5. REFERENCES
Chapter II: Super-plastic behavior of the brittle polymer film in multilayer systems
2.1. INTRODUCTION
2.2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
2.3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
2.3.1 The super-plastic behavior of the multilayer films
2.3.2 The effects of the thickness of the constraining layers
2.3.1 The morphology and microstructure of the local deformation zones
2.3.2 The interfacial composition in the multiplayer structure
2.3.3 The PC/PS/PC multilayer samples
2.3.4 The uniform deformation of the glassy polymer
2.4. CONCLUSIONS
2.5. REFERENCES
Chapter III:Stability of the Superplastic Behavior of Glassy Polystyrene Thin Films in Sandwich Structures
3.1. INTRODUCTION
3.2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
3.3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
3.3.1. The mechanical behavior of free-standing films
3.3.2 The super-plastic behavior of the sandwiched film
3.3.3 Mechanical stability of the super-plasticity in the PS film
3.3.4 Estimation of the “defect” size in the sandwiched glassy polymer film
3.4. CONCLUSIONS
3.5. REFERENCES

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