臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文以單光子崩潰二極體(Single-Photon Avalanche Diode)為感測器，其後端電路為被動抑制、主動回復電路，實現一個用return-center法為測量距離的架構。模擬時，將光波形以弦波、三角波和方波做為所接收之光波形模擬，在此方法下，系統皆可以鎖定完成，故此方法較不受光調變波形所影響。在此測距系統中，加入一個可程式延遲元件(Programmable Delay Line，PDL)，目的是要使波形產生器輸出之訊號延遲，再與因距離產生延遲之光訊號作比較，兩訊號進入以FPGA建立之鎖定電路達到鎖定後，FPGA會以Chipscope為傳輸介面，我們便可取得8位元之距離資訊。

This thesis present a range finder base on return-center method with a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) by applying the passive quenching-active reset circuit. In the simulation, we use sine wave, triangular wave and square wave as waveform of light to test the locking circuit is locking or not. The result shows that the range finder will not be affected by the waveform of light. In the range finder system, there is a programmable delay line (PDL) will make a delay to the signal which is generated from the pulse generation. And then we can compare the delay signal with the other signal which the light pass through the distance we want to know and detect by SPAD. After comparing the signals in FPGA, the locking circuit will lock. And then we can use chipscope as interface to get the distance information in 8-bit format form FPGA.

內容
摘 要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
第一章 簡介 1
1.1. 研究背景 1
1.2. 論文架構 2
第二章 測距方法之相關研究 3
2.1 直接飛時測距法(D-TOF) 4
2.1.1 D-TOF 4
2.2 間接飛時測距法(I-TOF) 4
2.2.1 I-TOF調變波形為方波 5
2.2.2 I-TOF調變波形為弦波 5
2.3 測距相關研究介紹 6
2.3.1 I-TOF調變波形為方波 6
2.3.2 I-TOF調變波形為弦波 7
第三章 單光子崩潰二極體 9
3.1 單光子崩潰二極體(SPAD)操作原理 9
3.1.1 累增崩潰模式(Geiger mode)操作 9
3.1.2 SPAD抑制電路 11
3.2 元件物理 14
第四章 模擬與分析 18
4.1 模擬架構 18
4.2 模擬結果 20
第五章 Return-center測距架構 26
5.1 距離量測與傳輸流程簡介 26
5.2 距離量測 28
5.2.1 FPGA板介紹 28
5.2.2 PDL介紹 37
5.2.3 SPAD電路架構 40
5.2.4 光源介紹 41
第六章 量測結果與分析 45
6.1 背景光影響 45
6.2 光強度影響 47
6.3 手動距離量測 48
第七章 總結與未來展望 56
參考文獻 57

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