臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文旨在研究改變不同的摻雜濃度與製程溫度來合成Er3+-doped Gd2Ti2O7粉末，並探討其螢光特性。
我們使用溶膠-凝膠法製備Er3+ (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mol%)-doped Gd2Ti2O7奈米粉末，由實驗結果可得知其在Er3+ (10 mol%)–doped Gd2Ti2O7粉末在退火溫度超過800℃後，具有良好的結晶特性，其平均結晶顆粒大小隨著退火溫度的提高 (800~1200 ℃) 而從~70 nm增加到~180 nm。在980 nm紅外線雷射激發下，具有下與上轉換發光特性，其發光峰值分別為526 nm (2H11/2→4I15/2 )、547 nm (4S3/2→4I15/2)、660 nm (4F9/2→4I15/2)、1528 nm ( 4I13/2→4I15/2)。
而螢光放射波長在1528 nm的螢光生命週期，在Er3+摻雜濃度為(10 mol%) 時其衰減曲線為單一指數，但摻雜濃度為25 mol%時就稍為有一點偏離單一指數，此兩種摻雜濃度其上轉換機制皆為雙光子吸收，但是Er3+摻雜濃度較高 (10 mol%) 時，則因為短的鉺離子間距進而增強了上轉換能量轉移(energy-transfer up-conversion)及交互緩弛能量轉移 (energy-transfer cross- relaxation) 機制，所以得到較強的紅光。

Er3+-doped Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals were fabricated by the sol-gel method. While the annealing temperature exceeds 800 °C, amorphous pyrochlore phase Er3+-doped Gd2Ti2O7 transfers to well-crystallized nanocrystals, and the average crystal size increases from ~70 to ~180 nm under 800 to 1200 °C/1 h annealing. The Er3+-doped Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals absorbing the 980 nm photons can produce the up-conversion (526, 547, and 660 nm; 2H11/2→4I15/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2 and 4F9/2→4I15/2, respectively) and Stokes luminescence (1528 nm; 4I13/2→4I15/2).
The IR PL decay curve is single-exponential for Er3+ (5 mol%)-doped Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals but slightly nonexponential for Er3+ (10 mol%)-doped Gd2Ti2O7 nanocrystals. For both 5 and 10 mol% Er3+ doping concentrations, the mechanism of up-converted green light is the two-photon excited-state absorption; however, much stronger intensity of red light relative to green light was observed for sample with 10 mol% Er3+ doping concentration. This phenomenon can be attributed to the reduced distance between Er3+-Er3+ ions, resulting in the enhancement of the energy-transfer up-conversion and cross-relaxation mechanisms.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
第二章 文獻回顧與理論基礎 3
2-1以螢光材料的分類 3
2-1-1 以螢光材料組成分類 3
2-2 發光機制簡介 7
2-2-1 發光原理 7
2-2-2 螢光(flouorescence)與磷光(phosphorescence) 9
2-2-3 史托克位移(Stokes Shift) 10
2-2-4 固態材料中的發光 12
2-3影響螢光效率的因素 15
2-3-1主體晶格效應(Host effect) 15
2-3-2濃度淬滅效應(Concentration quenching) 16
2-3-3熱淬滅(thermal quenching) 18
2-3-4毒化(poisoning) 18
2-4螢光材料之組成與設計 18
2-5 螢光材料製程 21
2-5-1 固相反應法 21
2-5-2 溶膠凝膠法(Sol-Gel Method) 22
2-5-3 水熱法(Hydrothermal method) 22
2-5-4 共沉澱法(Co-precipitation method) 23
2-5-5 其他製程 24
2-6稀土元素的發光特性 24
2-6-1鑭系元素之性質 24
2-6-2 稀土離子之電子躍遷 25
2-7 PYROCHLORE主體結構 27
第三章 實驗方法 44
3-1 實驗藥品 44
3-2 製程設備 45
3-3 量測儀器 45
3-3-1 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡 45
3-3-2 X-ray 粉末繞射分析 46
3-3-3 熱分析 47
3-3-4 光致發光光譜 47
3-3-5 螢光生命週期 48
3-3-6紫外-可見分光光譜儀 (UV-Visible Spectrophotometer) 49
3-4 實驗步驟 49
第四章 結果與討論 57
4-1真空式紅外線光譜儀 (FTIR) 57
4-2 X-RAY 粉末繞射分析 57
4-3掃瞄式電子顯微鏡分析 59
4-4光致發光光譜分析 60
4-4-1 全光譜分析 60
4-4-2雷射功率對光譜強度之影響 63
4-4-3 發光機制探討 64
4-5螢光生命週期分析 66
4-6 吸收光譜分析 68
第五章 結論與未來展望 83
參考文獻 85

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