臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

轉投資對企業來說是一項重要的活動，規模龐大者，甚至形成了所謂的「集團企業」。錯綜複雜的股權結構及母子公司間的交叉持股是這些集團企業給人的第一印象，事實上，一間公司轉投資的項目可能多如繁星，我們可以發現，母公司對每一間子公司的持股率卻不盡相同，而在眾多子公司中，有屬於母公司為了拓展事業版圖而創立之多角化經營者，也有屬於母公司為了強化本業而設置之集中化經營者。 這其中的差別，是不是因為母公司的內部人基於自利的動機所造成，是本研究想要討論的主題。
本研究試圖從母公司持股率、轉投資事業與母公司之業務關聯及子公司是否為上市櫃公司等變數來觀察子公司經營績效之變化情形，結果發現在樣本不分組的情況下，母公司持股率與多角化經營對子公司的獲利能力有正面顯著的影響；而在將樣本依母公司持股率分組過後，母公司持股率介於25%～50%之間，母公司持股率對子公司的會計報酬率有負向的影響，符合本研究假說一，多角化經營對子公司獲利依然有正向顯著的影響；母公司持股率介於75%~100%之間，則得出與樣本不分組相似的迴歸結果，但子公司是否為上市櫃公司對盈餘的影響在以上幾個部分卻都沒有得出顯著的結果。
由以上結果我們除了得出母公司持股率增加可能對子公司獲利有正面效果外，也證實了股權結構與公司績效存在非線性關係的可能性，而母公司多角化經營對子公司績效的正相關則是本研究的另一個發現。
最後，本研究為了消除離群值(Outliers)對模型可能造成的誤判，所以進行了穩健迴歸模型(Robust Regression)之分析，發現母公司持股率對子公司獲利有負面影響，上市櫃子公司的獲利也明顯較其餘子公司來得好，多角化經營對子公司也有負向顯著的影響，完全符合本研究的三個假說。

Reinvestment is an important source of business diversification. “Business Group” was formed through these investment decisions made by parent company. Complicated ownership structure and the cross-shareholdings among business group was our first impression about them. A company may have so many subsidiaries that we couldn’t even recognize them. The interesting point is, the parent companies are always holding unequal shares for different subsidiaries. One kind of subsidiaries is diversified firm and the other is focused firm. Which factors caused these differences was what this thesis desired to discuss.

This paper tried to observe the return of subsidiaries (AAR). See if it was influenced by ownership by parent company (OPHPC), dummy variable for diversification (FVD), and dummy variable for listed company (LCN). We found that OPHPC and FVD were positively significant in the “All Samples” group. OPHPC was negatively significant and FVD was positively significant in the”25%-50%” group. The “All sample” group got the similar result with “75%-100%” group. LCN was not significant in all these groups.
We could conclude that the OPHPC might have significant non-linear relationship with AAR. FVD was obvious positively significant which supported the hypothesis II.

In order to eliminate the bias introduced by “Outliers”, we used the “Robust Regression” model to analyze. OPHPC was negatively significant which supported our hypothesis I, FVD was negatively significant which also corresponded the hypothesis II, and LCN was positively significant which supported our hypothesis III.

口試委員會審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究架構與流程 2
第二章 相關法規及文獻探討 5
第一節 轉投資的定義及會計處理 5
第二節 多角化的定義與動機 6
第三節 多角化與公司價值的關聯 11
第四節 公司績效與股權結構之間的關聯 13
第五節 上市或上櫃對子公司的影響 17
第三章 研究方法 22
第一節 假說建立 22
第二節 資料來源與樣本選擇 24
第三節 研究設計 26
第四章 實證結果與分析 36
第一節 全部樣本的迴歸結果 36
第二節 將母公司持股率分組的迴歸結果 39
第三節 上市櫃子公司及公開或是非公開發行子公司的迴歸結果 47
第四節 穩健迴歸分析（Robust Regression） 51
第五章 結論與建議 52
第一節 研究結論 52
第二節 研究限制及後續研究建議 54
參考文獻 55

 

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