臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以葡萄糖與丙二醇在酸催化下經縮醛反應製備丙二醇配醣體。然後丙二醇配醣體再與擁有8到16個長碳鏈之烷基環氧丙基醚反應合成一系列丙二醇配醣體衍生物之非離子型界面活性劑。
合成物利用FT-IR、1H-NMR及元素分析等方法測定以確認其結構。經由性質測試的結果，此系列丙二醇配醣體衍生物都具有優良的界面活性，包括降低表面張力、pH緩衝能力、分散能力、增加導電度、濕潤滲透性等。
各種丙二醇配醣體衍生物之疏水基碳鏈愈長，臨界微胞濃度（CMC）愈低，對水的表面張力降低能力愈高（與POE非離子界面活性劑同）。但是，碳鏈長度14到16的丙二醇配醣體衍生物的水溶性低，所以無法測定。辛基、癸基、十二烷基丙二醇配醣體衍生物在空氣與水之界面分子面積約為50 Å2。各種丙二醇配醣體衍生物之生物分解性（BOD5）沒有顯著差異，可在5天內分解50%以上（POE型僅30%）。將此產物應用在棉胚布上，具有精練力以及分散滲透力提高等效果。

In this study, propylene glycol glycoside composition was prepared by acid-catalyzed acetalization of glucose with propylene glycol. Then, alkylglycidyl ether with a long alkyl chains having from 8 to 16 carbon atoms were reacted with propylene glycol glycoside to synthesize a series of propylene glycol glycoside derivatives nonionic surfactants.
The structure of propylene glycol glycoside derivatives were characterized by FT-IR、1H-NMR and elemental analysis. From the results of the experiments, these propylene glycol glycoside derivatives can display excellent surface-active properties including reducing surface tension, better pH buffer capacity, increasing conductance and promoting wetting power, etc.
Increasing alkyl chain length decreases to the critical micelle concentration (CMC). This tendency can be seen usually in the case of polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactants. But, these propylene glycol glycoside derivatives containing a 14 to 16 carbon chain could not be measured due to their lower solubilities in water. An octyl, decyl, or dodecyl propylene glycol glycoside derivatives occupies about 50 Å2 at the air/water interface. It was found that all propylene glycol glycoside derivatives tested in this study were biodegraded over 50% in five days. These propylene glycol glycoside derivatives also have been found to exhibit a good scouring and dispersing effects used in cotton scouring.

論文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅰ
英文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅱ
致謝 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅲ
目錄 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅳ
表目錄 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅶ
圖目錄 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅷ
符號索引 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． Ⅸ
第一章 緒論 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
1.1 前言 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
1.2 研究目的 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 2
第二章 實驗方法 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3
2.1 藥品 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3
2.2 反應裝置 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
2.3 分析儀器 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 8
2.4 實驗步驟 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 9
2.5 性質測試 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 15
2.6 應用性質之測試 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 21
第三章 結果與討論 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 23
3.1 合成與結構分析 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 23
3.2 基本性質 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 33
3.3 應用性質 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 45
第四章 總結與展望 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48
5.1 總結 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48
5.2 展望 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 49
參考文獻 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 50
附錄：理論 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 52

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