臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討以半合成人工飼料飼育紅紋鳳蝶（ Pachlioptaaristolochiae interposita）幼蟲對其生長發育之影響。以含有港口馬兜鈴（Aristolochia zollingeriana）葉片粉末的配方製成的半合成人工飼料，分別單隻飼育紅紋鳳蝶幼蟲，置於 25 ± 1℃、RH 80 ± 5%、14L：10D 之生長箱，並以港口馬兜鈴葉片單隻飼養當做對照組。詴驗結果，半合成人工飼料飼養的各齡幼蟲期存活率大多低於以天然葉片飼養者，但飼料組其各齡幼蟲的存活率皆高於89%；蛹期存活率為97.7%，高於對照組的93.2%；幼蟲至羽化成蟲存活率為71.7%，比葉片飼育低20%。幼蟲發育期僅二齡幼蟲的發育期與對照組之間沒有顯著差異，一、三及四齡皆短於葉片飼育，二者有顯著差異，五齡幼蟲的發育期為10.25 日較對照組長；其整個幼蟲期平均發育期為24.91日，蛹期為20.23 日。幼蟲的頭殼寬與體長隨齡期增加而增長，且皆大於對照組。蛹重比對照組重；成蟲重、翅長及翅寬與對照組沒有差異。再以半合成人工飼料飼育紅紋鳳蝶不同齡期帅蟲，其詴驗結果，化蛹率皆達80.8%；由不同齡期幼蟲至成蟲羽化，其存活率以一齡幼蟲取食飼料66.7%最低；但不同齡期幼蟲飼養至五齡蟲，平均發育時間、頭殼寬及體長並無差異。由本試驗結果得知，以半合成人工飼料飼育紅紋鳳蝶幼蟲存活率達71.7%，且不論任何幼蟲期皆可用半合成人工飼料飼養。

In this thesis, the effect of growth and development of Common Rose（Pachliopta aristolochiae interposita Fruhstorfer）reared with semiartificial diet was studied. The semi-artificial diet included Aristolochia zollingeriana leaf powder. Hatching larva were reared with semi-artificial diet and leaves of the host plants, A. zollingeriana individually for the series of observations on the development of the butterfly. The butterfly were reared in growth chambers at 25±1℃, 80 ± 5% RH, and in a
photoperiod of 14h light and 10h darkness. Our experiment involved feeding the larvae with leaves of A. zollingeriana as control group. The results are summarized as follows. The survival rates of various development stages of larvae reared with the semi-artificial diet were lower than those fed with leaves of host plants. The survival rate of larva reared with the semi-artificial diet were higher than 89%. The survival rate of pupa reared with semi-artificial diet was 97.7% and was higher
than the control ones (93.2%). The survival rate in between larva and pupa of semi-artificial diet reared ones was 71.7%,witch was lower than those fed with leaves of host plant by 20%. The 1st to 5th instar larva significantly differed in the durations of the larval stage, but that of 2nd instar larvae are of no significantly difference (p ＜ 0.05). The development period of the butterfly was 10.25 days for 5th instar larvae which was higher than control. The durations of the larval, and pupal
stages were 24.91 and 20.23 days, respectively. The increments in both head capsule width and body length of larvae were in accordance with the increase in larval instar stage, were larger than those of the control group. The pupa weight significantly different with control, but wing length, wing width and adult weight had no significant difference with control.
The semi-artificial diet for reared Common Rose different instar larva, and the results shows that survival rate of pupa were 80.8%. Different instars larva to adult emergence, the 1st instar larva indicated the lowest survival rate of 66.7%. Different Instars larva reared to 5th instar, the larval stage, pupal stage, and body length of larvae had no significant difference. As a result, the survival rate of Common Rose reared with semi - artificial diet was 71.7%, and any larva can be semi-artificial diet fed. The Common Rose Butterfly reared with semi-artificial diet is feasible.

中文摘要 ............................................................... I
英文摘要 ............................................................... III
圖 次 ................................................................. VIII
表 次 ................................................................. IX
附 錄 ................................................................. X
壹、前言 ............................................................... 1
貳、往昔研究 ............................................................ 3
　一、紅紋鳳蝶地理分布..................................................... 3
　二、紅紋鳳蝶成蝶及帅蟲之食物.............................................. 4
　　（一）帅蟲之食草 ..................................................... 4
　　（二）成蝶之蜜源植物 .................................................. 4
　三、紅紋鳳蝶之生物學特性 ................................................ 5
　　（一）成蝶發生期 ..................................................... 5
　　（二）各蟲期型態 ..................................................... 6
　　（三）紅紋鳳蝶生活史 .................................................. 7
　四、半合成人工飼料相關之研究.............................................. 9
　　（一）人工飼料之種類及營養成分 .......................................... 9
　　　1. 人工飼料種類 .................................................... 9
　　　2. 人工飼料的營養組成 ............................................... 10
　　（二）蝶類半合成人工飼料相關之研究 ...................................... 11
参、材料方法 ............................................................ 15
　一、詴驗材料 .......................................................... 15
　　（一）詴驗及飼養容器 .................................................. 15
　　（二）供詴蟲源 ....................................................... 16
　二、詴驗方法 .......................................................... 16　　
　　（一）飼料配方與配製 .................................................. 16
　　（二）半合成人工飼料飼育對紅紋鳳蝶各蟲期生長發育的影響 ...................... 17
　　（三）不同齡期帅蟲取食半合成人工飼料之飼養結果 ............................. 19
　三、資料分析 .......................................................... 19
肆、結果 ............................................................... 21
　一、半合成人工飼料飼育紅紋鳳蝶帅蟲對各蟲期生長發育之影響....................... 21
　　（一）外部型態 ....................................................... 21
　　（二）存活率 ........................................................ 21
　　（三）發育期 ........................................................ 22
　　（四）帅蟲頭殼寬 ..................................................... 23
　　（五）帅蟲體長 ....................................................... 24
　　（六）蛹重、成蟲重、翅長及翅寬 .......................................... 25
　二、不同齡期帅蟲取食半合成人工飼料之飼養結果 ................................ 25
　　（一）存活率 ......................................................... 26
　　（二）發育期 ......................................................... 26
　　（三）帅蟲頭殼寬 ..................................................... 27
　　（四）帅蟲體長 ....................................................... 27
　　（五）蛹重、成蟲重、翅長及翅寬 .......................................... 28
伍、討論 ............................................................... 29
　一、半合成人工飼料飼育對紅紋鳳蝶各蟲期生長發育的影響 .......................... 29
　二、不同齡期帅蟲取食半合成人工飼料之飼養結果 ................................ 32
陸、結論 ............................................................... 35
柒、參考文獻 ............................................................ 36
捌、圖 ................................................................. 41
玖、表 ................................................................. 46
拾、附錄 ............................................................... 56

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