臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗採用固體消失法量測多種混合物的固液相平衡數據，第一部份的研究主要探討由脂肪酸與甲醇所組成的雙成分系統；第二部分則著重於探討以萃取結晶法分離沸點相近之間-甲基苯甲酸與鄰-甲基苯甲酸混合物的固液相平衡行為，所使用之分離助劑為特丁醇。
實驗結果顯示，所觀察之每一混合物系統均無複合物的產生，因此，都屬於簡單共熔系統。由實驗的結果也繪製出一張三成分系統之固液相平衡圖，並據以提出分離這些沸點相近混合物之可行的萃取結晶程序。
雙成分系統的固液平衡數據，分別以NRTL模式與Wilson模式關聯，並訂定最適化之模式參數值，兩種模式的計算值與實驗點的偏差皆很小。這些模式與由雙成分數據所訂定之參數，被用來預測三成分混合物之固液相平衡性質，預測值之準確度均在合理的範圍。

Solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) data were measured with solid-disappearance method for various mixtures. The first part of this study investigated the binary systems containing fatty acids and methanol. The second part was to investigate the SLE behavior of various binary and ternary mixtures, which are related to the separation of closely boiling mixtures of o-toluic acid and m-toluic acid with extractive crystallization and tert-butanol was used as an auxiliary agent.
The results showed that there were no complex formations in the investigated systems and thus these mixtures behaved as simple eutectic systems. A ternary SLE phase diagram was constructed on the basis of the experimental results. With the aid of this phase diagram, a feasible process was proposed to separate the closely boiling mixtures via extractive crystallization.
The binary SLE data were correlated with the NRTL and the Wilson models. The optimal values of the model parameters were also determined. For both two models, the deviations of the correlated values from the experimental data are very small. With the parameters obtained from binary data, the models predicted the SLE properties of the ternary systems to within reasonable accuracy.

中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
誌謝 Ⅲ
目錄 Ⅳ
圖表索引Ⅰ Ⅶ
圖表索引Ⅱ Ⅸ


第一章 緒論 1

1-1沸點相近共熔物之分離技術 3
1-2 基本固液平衡相圖及分析 5
1-2-1 含單一共熔點之相圖 5
1-2-2 含二共熔點及一合熔點之相圖 7
1-2-3無合熔物之三成分系統固液相圖 8
1-3萃取結晶法之分離程序 8
1-4本文各章重點 9


第二章 固液相平衡量測 15

2-1 儀器設備 15
2-2實驗設備配置說明 16
2-3熔點量測步驟 17
2-3-1雙成份樣品配製 18
2-3-2 三成份樣品配製 18
2-3-3長晶技術之探討 19
2-3-4 熔點之量測 20
2-4多項式關聯 21


第三章 脂肪酸與甲醇混合物之固液相平衡研究 22

3-1 前言 22
3-2 藥品 22
3-3 雙成分系統的量測結果 22


第四章 沸點相近之共熔物與分離助劑之固液相平衡行為 32

4-1 前言 32
4-2 藥品 32
4-3 雙成分系統之固液相平衡量測結果 33
4-4 三成分固液相平衡量測結果 34
4-4-1 實驗量測結果 34
4-4-2 三成分相圖之分析 35
4-4-3 分離程序的探討 35


第五章 固液相平衡理論計算 46

5-1 固液相平衡法則 47
5-2 雙成分系統之固液相平衡法則 48
5-2-1 NRTL模式 49
5-2-2 Wilson模式 50
5-3 間甲基甲苯酸/鄰甲基甲苯酸/特丁醇系統之固液相平衡
數據與模式的比較 51
5-3-1 三成份系統之固液相平衡預測 51
5-3-2 三成份共熔軌跡之預測 51


第六章 結論與建議 89

6-1 結論 89
6-2 建議 90


參考文獻 92
符號說明 96
作者簡介 98

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